APES Study Guide Chapter 9-10

This pyramid depicts soil ___.

Soil that is 50% clay, 20% silt, and 30% sand would be categorized as ___.

What is the approximate minimum percent sand a soil can have and still be considered "sandy loam"?

Humus is ___.

The lesson learned by Arliss and Todd Nielsen on their Iowa farm is that ___.

We lose 5 to 7 million hectares of productive cropland per year to ___.

Monoculture farming ___.

Leaching and the rate of movement of water would be greatest in a soil classified as ___.

Until about 10,000 years ago, our species depended on ___.

___ refers to the agricultural practices in which the members of a farming family produce only enough food for themselves and do not make use of large-scale irrigation, chemical fertilizer, or machinery and technology.

Industrial agriculture ___.

Factors involved in soil formation include ___.

A soil deficient in humus would ___.

The breakdown of large rocks into smaller pieces is ___.

Leaching ___.

The O horizon is ___.

Corn (maize) was first domesticated in present-day ___.

Compaction of soil in a garden harms plants by ___.

pH influences ___.

Soil texture refers to the relative amounts of ___ in soil.

The U.S. agency charged with slowing soil degradation is the ___.

Shelterbelts are to ___ as terraces are to ___.

___ is the buildup of salts in soils as a result of overirrigation.

Decomposers are most likely found in the ___.

Water diversion and pumping has allowed humans to grow crops in areas where natural supplies have been limited. A major challenge that exists in these regions has been ___.

The results of the overapplication of fertilization can include ___.

The Conservation Reserve Program pays for farmers to ___.

Planting ___ between regular crops will help replace depleted nitrogen.

More than half the ___ in the United States and Canada has/have been lost to urban and agricultural development, but the recent ___ subsidized landowners to restore or protect remaining areas.

Erosion can result in a vicious cycle of worsening erosion because ___.

No-till farming would be most beneficial for farmers ___.

Irrigation can result in the salinization of soils because ___.

It is probably true that ___.

The next step in this story would likely be that this woman and her sister ___.

Twenty years have passes since the young woman first notices seeds sprouting in the midden. Which of the following could now be true?

Which of the following choices is something brought about by the beginning of agriculture?

The comparison shown in the figure is environmentally significant because it shows that ___.

Cows require a high quantity of feed because they ___.

Based on the information in the figure, you might decide to make changes in your diet to diminish your ecological footprint by ___.

Monoculture ___.

In Queensland, Australia, cactus moths ___.

Recombinant DNA ___.

Managing crop competitors and pests has been challenging to agronomists for centuries. One approach, integrated pest management, ___.

Researchers in Switzerland have demonstrated that organic farming ___.

Bt crops ___.

Which of the following requires the least land to produce 1kg of protein?

Oaxaca, Mexico ___.

Green Revolution techniques ___.

___% of the food we consume comes from ___ crop species.

Agricultural productivity increased during the Green Revolution as a result of improvements in fertilizers, crop breeding, pest control, and ___.

Which of the following best describes integrated pest management (IPM)?

People around the world have become more dependent on global markets for their food. As a result, recent U.S. government policies encouraging ___ have had a major negative effect on food availability.

Plants with showy flowers typically ___.

The European Union nations ___.

Aquaculture ___.

Organic farming ___.

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety ___.

Seed banks are important for ___.

It is more energetically efficient for us to eat more ___.

Why did the Indonesian government support IPM for agriculture in 1986?

In order for livestock to be considered organic, ___.

During the past half century, global food production has ___ world population growth.

Recent investigations of the impact of GM crops on biodiversity in Great Britain indicate that ___.

In Japan, the presence of ducks and the aquatic fern Azolla in rice cultivation has shown that ___.

Which of the following was a positive environmental aspect of the Flavr Savr tomato?

The Flavr Savr tomato is no longer marketed because ___.

Why do soybeans, corn, and canola dominate the GM crop market?

Why have most bioengineered crops been modified for "resistance" traits?

If GM crops can decrease pesticide use, why are environmentalists still concerned about them?