Biology Q3

Which of the following groups has a series of similar segments that make up most of the body?

The most numerous, diverse, and widespread animals are the:

Which of the following groups includes both spiders and horseshoe crabs?

Which part of this figure shows the thorax segment of the lobster?

While walking in your basement, you hear a crunching noise and notice that you have stepped on an organism. You look closely and see part of a segmented body and a few jointed appendages. What phylum does this animal represent?

Animals that are segmented and have jointed appendages and an exoskeleton are members of the phylum:

Suppose you use a dissecting microscope to observe organisms that have colonized discs of densely packed, fibrous wood that have been submerged in 6inches of lake water for eight weeks. You see insect cases, insect larvae, and newly emerged insects with wings. You determine that you are looking at an insect species:

The insect body plan includes many groups of serially repeated units. For example, there are typically three pairs of legs, one on each of the three segments of the thorax. Which of the following options best describes how these pairs of legs develop and evolve?

The traits that are unique to insects and have probably contributed to their diversity and success include:

Most adult insects have three major body parts or sections. They are the:

An organism that an fly and has an exoskeleton must be:

Caddisflies are insects that lay their eggs on the bottom of streams. The eggs mature into larvae, and eventually the larvae pupate, move to the surface of the stream, shed their pupal membranes, and emerge as winged adults. Caddisflies demonstrate:

Complete metamorphosis is considered to occur in a species:

According to recent genetic research, the complexity of an organism.

According to the "new" revised based on genetic analyses, annelids are a member of the Lophotrochozoa and are most closely related to which of the following groups?

Which of the following is a unique feature of echinoderms?

The symmetry of echinoderms generally includes:

Which part of this figure shows the tube feet of the starfish?

Which of the following features is unique to chordates?

To be characterized as a chordate, an organism must:

The flexible, longitudinal rod that is located between the digestive tract and the nerve cord in chordates is called the:

You find a small, elongated animal embedded in the sand with one end sticking out. Among other things, it has segmental musculature, a coelom, a notochord, and a complete digestive tract with an anus located partway down the body. This animal is:

Which of the following statements about tunicates indicates that these animals are chordates?

Which of the following is an invertebrate chordate?

Which of the following are threats to the biodiversity of invertebrates?

Invertebrate diversity contributes to all of the following except

Which of the following phyla is most closely related to echinoderms?

Barry Marshall and his collaborators showed that:

___ are heterotrophic protists; ___ are photoautrophic protists.

Protists include:

According to the figure, green alga resulted from ___, and Euglena resulted from ___.

Which of the following options lists the events of protist evolution in the correct order, according to current science?

In secondary endosymbiosis, a/an ___ became endosymbiotic in a/an____.

choose two of the following events in protist evolution and then put them in the correct order in which they occur according to current science.

you are studying a mini-ecosystem that you created from samples of lake water, plants, and sediment. Your teacher tells you to drop about 10 sesame seeds on the top of the water because they will attract some interesting organisms. One week later, you see that the seeds are surrounded by white fuzz that is extending off of the seeds, and you conclude that the decomposing seeds have been colonized by:

which of the following groups include organisms that are a key source of food in all aquatic environments and whose fossilized forms are used as a filter and as a grinding and polishing agent?

Which two groups of protists produce hard, mineralized skeletal structures or cell walls that contribute to marine sediments and form fossils?

The famous pink-colored sand of Bermuda's beaches is due to crushed shells of ___, marine organisms with tests made of organic material hardened by calcium carbonate.

diatoms

alginates are used in many everyday products, including toothpaste and soap. When added to water, they form a thick gel that binds or emulsifies liquids. Alginates come from a group of multicellular stramenopiles that have one pigment that masks all others and therefore gives these organisms a distinctive, dark color. Alginates are derived from:

dinoflagellates are best described as

which of the following cellular structure is characteristic of amoebas?

___ are stramenopiels that commonly are found decomposing dead animals in freshwater habitats.

Plasmodium, the organism that causes malaria, is a/an:

Which of the following groups includes protists that reside within the cells of corals?

Kelp, a seaweed that is anchored to the seafloor by rootlike structures and can grow to heights of 60m, is a kind of:

Some white blood cells are able to surround and ingest bacteria. Which of the following would you expect to see as part of the blood cell structure?

The main ingredient of crude oil is:

Multicellular organisms evolved from three different ancestral lineages: alveolates, unikonts, and archaeplastids. Of these, fungi and animals evolved from two different lineages of ___, and land plants are ___.

Individual prokaryote cells are about ___ eukaryote cells; collectively, all prokaryote cells on Earth ___.

Prokaryotes are classified into

eukaryotes are ___ prokaryotes

___ are toxic proteins secreted by pathogenic bacteria, and ___ are toxic components of the outer membrane of gram-negative pathogens.

the bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa produces a protein that is secreted into its environment. The protein inhibits synthesis of elongation factor 2 in humans. This effect may sound dangerous, but it has been considered as a possible treatment for Hepatitis B. The proetin produced by P. aeruginosas is a/an____.

The two diseases that represent high-priority threats as biological weapons today are:

Someone diagnosed with meningitis has inflamed membranes that cover and protect the brain and psinal cord. Meningitis is a result of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria that cause extreme infections when their bacterial cell wall dies and lipopolysaccharide is released. the lopopolysaccharide is an example of a/an ____.

Which of the following causes food poisoning and typhoid fever?

Rod-shaped bacteria are called:

One difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is that"

an unknown bacterial species is recovered from a sick patient's digestive tract. It has a membrane outside the cell wall that contains toxic lipids. This observation indicates that:

which of the following options correctly pairs a structure in prokaryote cells with its function?

a patient visits her doctor complaining of stomach cramps, vomiting, and nasusea. When he takes a bacterial sample, he determines that E. coli bacteria have used their ___ to attach to the cells lining her gastrointestinal tract.

you take a 1-mL sample of pond water and add it to a colorless, viscous media in a small petri dish. When you place it under your dissecting microscope, you see three organisms. Two are struggling to move efficiently through the media, while the third moves more quickly. You attribute the faster movement to the third's organism's:

prokaryotic cell walls function:

you culture the dried soup a 4,000-year-old cooking pot found in an Egyptian tomb and obtain a distinctive species of prokaryote. You immerse a test tube of these bacteria in boiling water for several hours, but the colony grows back. This species is probably:

The largest group of prokaruotes is the ____, which obtain both energy and carbon from ___>

If you place an organism classified as a photoautotroph at the bottom of a lake and later see that it is able to acquire nutrients from dead plant material, you can conclude the photautotrophis actually a:

In 2012, scientists studied modern marchantia liverwort plants and observed that they not only are able to make their own food using energy from sunlight but also absorb chemical nutrients from plant material in aquatic environments. They classified this plants as a:

humans are an example of:

Chemoautotrophic bacteria obtain their carbon from ___ and their energy from ____.

A bacterium living in an underground septic tank thrives by absorbing organic compounds from decomposing wastes. What is it?

A slimy layer of bacteria coating a surface is also known as a _____.

You hang a microscope slide from a submerged, L-shaped PVC pipe in lake water 2 ft deep. The slide is 6inch below the surface and remains there for 8 weeks. Once removed, there is algae, bacteria, fungi. You are looking at a:

In phytoremediation, specific plants are planted in areas where toxic chemicals have contaminated groundwater. The roots absorb the contaminants to help eliminate tainted water. This is an example of:

The use of prokaryotes and other organisms to clean up pollutants from soil, air or water is called ____.

Paragraph bout Navajo Nation- the bacteria used in the bioremediation procedure are ____

The trickling filter at a sewage treatment plant works by...

Bio venting is scientific technology that uses microorganisms to break down components of fuels in groundwater. An example of:

Typical embryos have ___, or external cell layer, and ___, which lines the digestive tract.

Which of the following is true of a typical animal?

All animals...

___ are soil dwellers; ___ are mostly marine; and ___ mostly inhabit fresh water

Which of the following is true?

You find a wormlike soft bodied adult animal in a mudflat. Represents phylum:

Which adaptation is a key characteristic of Annelida that greatly increased flexibility and mobility?

Which of the following is considered a likely explanation for the events of the Cambrian explosion?

Animals directly evolved from

Most of the animals alive today

During the Cambrian explosion,

Which exhibits bilateral symmetry?

In protostomes,

Which exhibits radial symmetry?

Dogs head is at its ___ end and its belly is its __ surface

Which is NOT included among eumetazoans that have true tissues?

Typical sponge best described as-

Which regarding cnidarians is true?

Cassiopeia is marine organism. (Paragraph) Cassiopeia is a ___ and the Cassiopeia and the algae have a ___ relationship

Corals supplement energy they recieve from zooxanthelae by capturing prey with their

Tapeworms are similar to fungi In that...

a cuticle is to a nematode as a ___ is to ___.

Bilaterally symmetrical, wormlike animal with a complete digestive tract and cuticle is part of what phylum?

Digestive tract of a nematode is most like which of the following?

You inflate a balloon and let it go. The motion resembles the movement of

Which mollusc group includes primarily sedentary animals that use mucus coated gills to trap particles?

Digestion in a sponge takes place in ____ _____, while digestion in a more complex animal takes place in __ ___

Some of the food you eat is stored as ___ or ___.

T/F: zygote divides by process called Cleavage

The embryonic development of sponges do not include

Which is not radially symmetrical?

Organisms with true radial symmetry:

Which statement about deuterostromes is true?

Which demonstrates radial symmetry?

Traditional animal phylogenetic trees and the most recent molecular phylogenic trees have similarities. Which was not in the traditional?

The ___ is a flagellated cell that sweeps water through sponges body.

How do sponges transport nutrients within bodies?

Coral reefs are

While wading in the ocean you look down and see umbrella shaped translucent animals. What phylum does it belong to?

What advantage do free swimming larvae confer on reef building corals?

Flatworms are ___ and typically have ___.

Locomotive behavior of earthworms. ----. Which would move easier and why?

Typical characteristic of molluscs?

To be an animal, the organisms must:

How might an animal be free moving at one stage and sessile at another?

T/F:Most animals develop from a single fertilized egg called a blastula.

T/F: The blastula is a solid ball of cells

Gives rise to digestive tract

Continues to grow and divide

Lines inner surface of gastrula

Gives rise to muscles

Develops into skin and nervous tissue

Forms from cells that break off endoderm

A sponges body has how many layers of cells?

Divide radially symmetrical thing and get:

Divide bilaterally symmetrical thing and get:

In what ways are the coelom an advantage for bilateral animals?

Describe an acoelomate body plan:

How do nutrients get to the cells in a flatworms solid, acoelomate body?

A roundworm has a ____, a fluid filled body cavity that is ___ lined with ___.

Coelomate animals have a ___, a body cavity that is ____ surrounded by mesoderm and in which complex ____ are suspended by ____ layers of mesoderm tissue

Acoelomate-

Blastula-

Coelom-

Deuterstome-

Ectoderm-

Endoderm-

Gastrula-

Mesoderm-

Pseudocoelom-

Protostome-

Sessile-

The animals digestive tract forms from the:

An adult sponge is:

A bicycle wheel has what symmetry?

A flatworm has what symmetry?

Animals with bilateral symmetry find foods and mates and avoid predators more efficiently because they have...

Sponges get their food by ___ in which small particles of food are removed from the water during passage through a part of their body

Cnidarians capture prey by means of ____ which are coiled, threadlike tubes that are sticky or barbed or contains toxins.

Digestion in Cnidaria takes place in the:

During feeding, planarians extend a tubelike, muscular organ called the ___ out of their mouths

A parasitic tapeworm has a knob shaped head called a ___, by which the worm attaches itself to the hosts Intestinal wall.

Sponges and earthworms are considered ___ because an individual can produce both eggs and sperm

A ___ is the tube shaped body with a mouth surrounded by tentacles which is the ASEXUAL stage of cnidarians. Sessile

A ___ is the SEXUAL form of a cnidarian that has a body form like an umbrella with tentacles hanging down. Freemoving

A tapeworm has reproductive organs in segments called:

The collar cells of sponges are similar to...

A ___ has a pharynx

Uncooked or undercooked pork may contain-

Nematocysts discharge when...

Some mollusks-LASE

All mollusks-BM2SC

Snail-

Clam-

Octopus-

Gastropoda have either ___ shell or __ shell

Most mollusks have an ___ circulatory system in which blood flows through ___ into open ___ around tissues and organs

Most mollusks use ___ for respiration while slugs use primitive ___ for gas exchange

___ are involved in excretion in a mollusk.

Fertilization in most mollusks takes place ____

All shelled Gastropoda are predators

When a snail is disturbed it pulls its body it inside its shell for protection

Without a shell, terrestrial slugs and sea slugs have no protection against predators

The two shells of bivalves are held together by the mantle

Nearly all feed by filtering particles from water

Most have a large muscular foot

They use a radula for feeding

Water flows through their bodies via well developed incurrent and excurrent siphons

Cephalopoda: INECRB

Bivalves:NOGE

Gastropods:ORE

Members of the phylum ___ all have bodies made up of multiple ___.

Each segment has its own ___ to lengthen and shorten the body

When present, bristle like ___ act as anchors while the worm is moving

In bristle worms, each segment has a pair of ___

The most familiar Annelida are ___

Earthworms have a mouth with tiny teeth

Blood is pumped through five sordid arches in a earthworm

Some annelid segments are for reproduction

Leeches:

Bristle worm:

Earthworm:

What is the most distinguishing arthropod characteristic?

Arthropod exoskeletons

Prior to molting a new exoskeleton forms ___ the old one

Three arthropod body sections-

Cephalothorax:

Freshwater crayfish

Tarantula

Hissing cockroach

Swallowtail butterfly

Compound

Compound

Simple

Compound

Arthropoda have an open circulatory system where blood comes I direct contact with tissues

___ occurs in arthropod via the Malpighian tubules

New Arthropoda adaptions

Chelicerae in spiders are modified to

The appendages of a spider that are sense organs

In ticks and mites...

Complete metamorphosis-

Incomplete metamorphosis-