Anatomy - Tissues Quiz

Groups of cells with similar structure and function

Name the four primary types of body tissues.

Where are epithelial tissues found?

Functions of epithelial tissues.

Cells fit closely together / Tissue layer always has one free surface / Lower surface is bound by a basement membrane / Avascular (no blood supply) / Regenerate easily

What are the classifications of epithelium?

Shapes of epithelium.

Single layer of flat cells / Usually forms membranes - Lines body cavities / Lines lungs and capillaries.

Single layer of cube-like cells / Common in glands and their ducts . Forms walls of kidney tubules / Covers the ovaries

Single layer of tall cells / Often includes goblet cells, which produce mucus / Lines digestive tract

Single later, but some cells are shorter than others / Often looks like a double cell layer / Sometimes ciliated, such as in respiratory tract / May function in absorption or secretion

Cells at the free edge are flattened / Found as a protective covering where FRICTION is common / Found in skin, mouth, and esophagus.

Two layers of cuboidal cells

Surface cells are columnar, cells underneath vary in size and shape.

Rare in human body / Found mainly in ducts of large glands.

Shape of cells depends upon the amount of stretching / Lines organs of the urinary system.

Found everywhere in the body / Includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues / Functions: Binds body tissues together, supports the body, provides protection

Name two dominant characteristics of Connective tissues.

Non-living material that surrounds living cells

What are the two main elements in extracellular matrix?

____ cells in lacunae (cavities) / Composed of: hard matrix of calcium salts, large numbers of collagen fibers / Used to protect and support the body

Most common cartilage / Composed of: abundant collagen fibers, rubbery matrix / Entire fetal skeleton is hyaline cartilage

Provides elasticity / EX: supports the external ear

Highly compressible / EX: forms cushion-like discs between vertebrae

Main matrix element is collagen fibers / Cells are fibroblasts / EX: tengon - muscle --> bone; ligaments - bone --> bone

Most widely distributed connective tissue / Soft, pliable tissue / Contains all fiber types / Can soak up excess fluid

Matrix is an areolar tissue in which fat globules predominate / Many cells contain large lipid deposits / Functions: insulates the body, protects some organs, serves as a site of fuel storage

Delicate NETwork of interwoven fibers / Forms stroma (internal supporting network) of lymphoid organs - lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow

Cells surrounded by fluid matrix / Fibers are visible during clotting / Functions as the transport vehicle for materials / Fight infections / ONLY fluid connective tissue

Function is to produce movement / Three types: skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Can be controlled voluntarily / Cells attach to connective tissue / Cells are striated (striped) / Cells have more than one nucleus / Locomotion and body heat

Found only in the heart / Function is to pump blood (involuntary) / Cells attached to other cardiac muscle cells at intercalated disks (gap junctions) / Cells are striated (striped) / One nucleus per cell

Involuntary muscle / Surround hollow organs / Attached to other smooth muscle cells / No visible striations / One nucleus per cell

Neurons and nerve support cells / Function is to send impulses to other areas of the body

Electrochemical messages from one tissue to another

Respond to natural changes in the environment (detect and send messages)

Name two types of tissue repair.

Replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells (skin)

Repair by dense fibrous connective tissue (scar tissue)

With old age there is a decrease in ____ and ____ in most tissues.

What tissues regenerate easily?

What tissue regenerates poorly?

What tissues are replaced largely with scar tissue?

In tissue repair, when is the beginning of actual repair?

Regeneration of surface epithelium.