US History Unit 6 Quiz 3 Review

Hitler's girlfriend, but married Hitler the day before they both committed suicide

Emperor of Japan who renounced his divinity and became a constitutional monarch after Japan surrendered at the end of World War II (1901-1989)

German admiral named in Hitler's last testament as his successor; surrendered on May 7, On V-E Day.

President Truman

the name of the American B-29 bomber, piloted by Col. Paul Tibbets, Jr., that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, on Aug. 6, 1945.

President of the United States during most of the Depression and most of World War II. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage weeks before the war ended in Europe

The 33rd U.S. president, who succeeded Franklin D. Roosevelt upon Roosevelt's death in April 1945. Truman, who led the country through the last few months of World War II, is best known for making the controversial decision to use two atomic bombs against Japan in August 1945. After the war, Truman was crucial in the implementation of the Marshall Plan, which greatly accelerated Western Europe's economic recovery.

United States general who served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II. He led Allied forces in recapturing the Philippine islands

December, 1944-January, 1945 - After recapturing France, the Allied advance became stalled along the German border. In the winter of 1944, Germany staged a massive counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg which pushed a 30 mile "bulge" into the Allied lines. The Allies stopped the German advance and threw them back across the Rhine with heavy losses.

(FDR) , June 6, 1944, 160,000 Allied troops landed along a 50-mile stretch of heavily-fortified French coastline to fight Nazi Germany on the beaches of Normandy, France. General Dwight D. Eisenhower called the operation a crusade in which "we will accept nothing less than full victory." More than 5,000 Ships and 13,000 aircraft supported the D-Day invasion, and by day's end on June 6, the Allies gained a foot- hold in Normandy.

The code name for the Allied invasion of France in 1944, which commenced on the beaches of Normandy and ultimately was successful in liberating France and pushing German forces back east to their own territory.

One of 5 beaches invaded during WWII D-Day. Biggest struggle because of deep water, little to no cover, and bluffs with Germans and machine guns

US advance that sank many Japanese carriers. The Japanese navy never recovered from these massive losses of planes, pilots, and ships. This is remembered as the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot.

Greatest naval battle that virtually destroyed Japans navy. General Douglas MacArthur came back

A battle in February and March 1945 in which U.S. forces took Iwo Jima, a small island, in order to prevent Japanese aircraft from attacking American bombers. Over 6,000 American troops died capturing this small island. During the battle, an Associated Press photographer took a world-famous photograph of U.S. Marines raising the American flag on the summit of Mt. Suribachi.

1942 World War II battle between the United States and Japan, a turning point in the Pacific Theater.

(1945) World War II victory for the Allied troops that resulted in the deaths of almost all of the 100,000 Japanese defenders; the battle claimed 12,000 American lives, and was the last major battle of the war.

Fought on May 7-8 1942; Caused heavy losses on both sides; Japanese won a tactical victory because they sank US carrier Lexington; Americans claimed a strategic victory by stopping Japan's drive towards Australia. This was the first time two opposing naval fleets fought without seeing each other's naval vessels

The retaliatory attack by American bombers after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. This attack bolstered American morale and instilled fear in the Japanese who believed they were beyond the reach of enemy attacks.

City in Japan, the first to be destroyed by an atomic bomb, on August 6, 1945. The bombing hastened the end of World War II.

"Victory over Japan day" is the celebration of the Surrender of Japan. President Truman announced that September 2, 1945 is V-J Day.

agreed to accept only the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers

The ship where the formal peace treaty was signed between Japan and the Allied forces,

Disrupt or destroy fuel supplies, destroy factories making weapons., and destroy railroads used to move soldiers and equipment.

in World War II, Japanese pilots who loaded their aircraft with bombs and crashed them into enemy ships. Almost 1,500 Japanese kamikazes attacked U.S. ships during the Battle of Okinawa.

Italy

the American navy attacked islands held by the Japanese in the Pacific Ocean. The capture of each successive island from the Japanese brought the American navy closer to an invasion of Japan.

First major meeting between the Big Three (United States, Britain, Russia) at which they planned the 1944 assault on France and agreed to divide Germany into zones of occupation after the war. This was the first time President Roosevelt met Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin.

Germany succeeded in conquering most of mainland Europe. German armed forces were better equipped and trained. The Axis Powers were determined to not sign an armistice but fight until forced to surrender.

German submarines that traveled in groups in the North Atlantic Ocean to attack US ships and merchant ships.

Native Americans from the Navajo tribe used their own language to make a code for the U.S. military that the Japanese could not decipher

Ultimatum from the Potsdam Conference that was issued by the United States, Great Britain and China to Japan offering that country the choice between unconditional surrender and total annihilation.