unit 9 example #26394

10 January 2024
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Habituation refers to the
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decreasing responsiveness to a stimulus to which one is repeatedly exposed
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Newborns have been observed to show the greatest visual interest in a
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face-like image
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Piaget was convinced that the mind of a child
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develops through a series of stages
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Kerry, who is one, calls all four legged animals "doggie'. Clearly, all of these animals fit into Kerry's
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Schema
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Social learning theorists emphasize that:
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all of the above are true
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Three year old Bert, who lives in Alaska where moose roam freely, has learned the schema for moose. When his family visits his cousin Michael on a horse farm, Bert modifies his schema for large, shaggy animals to include horses. This process is called
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accommodation
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Incorporating new information into existing theories is to ________ as modifying existing theories in light of new information is to ________.
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assimilation; accommodation
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Leroy is two and no longer finds entertainment in playing peek-a-boo with his dad. This is proof that Leroy has mastered the concept of
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object permanence
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If children cannot grasp the principle of conversation, they are unable to
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recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape
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Your great-uncle Norman is worried that his cognitive abilities are declining. Which of the following would help him maximize his functions.
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All of the above would be helpful
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Rita is worried about her grandpa, who is experiencing physical decline as part of aging. Her grandpa is starting to spend all of his time watching television, rather than going out in the world or pursuing old hobbies that he used to love. Of the following advice, which would a developmental psychologist be most likely to give?
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"His actions are counterproductive-- if Rita's grandpa wants to hold on to his physical and mental capabilities, then he needs to be actively using them."
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Four-year-old Jennifer mistakenly believes that her mother would like to receive a toy doll as a Christmas present. This best illustrates Piaget's concept of
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egocentrism
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Pierre is in his early thirties and all of his friends are married and having children. Pierre does not have any special person in his life, but as he sees all of his friends experience life milestones, he feels unspoken pressure to get married. What could be the cause of this pressure?
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The social clock
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What sentence uses "integrity" as Erik Erikson does in his last psychosocial stage, "integrity vs. despair"?
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"Grandpa can look back over his entire life and be satisfied with his decisions; I hope to likewise experience integrity when I'm his age.
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Eighteen-month-old Justin follows his mother around the house, clinging tightly to her when he is frightened. This best illustrates
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secure attachment behavior
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Which of the following pursuits is least likely to help somebody successfully meet Erikson's generativity vs. stagnation phase?
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Working long hours in a low-interest job
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Implications of Harlow's study of baby monkeys reared by artificial mothers for humans include which of the following? Providing An infant Lack of nursing
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II only
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Which of the following statements uses the term "maturation" correctly as a developmental psychologist would use it?
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"You can't potty train a newborn because they lack the brain and muscle maturation necessary to do it"
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What is the main task of the embryo in the embryonic period?
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Cell specialization and the beginning formation of the organs
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Erik Erikson suggested that a sense of basic trust during infancy results from
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responsive parenting
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Two characteristics of authoritarian parents are that they
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impose rules and expect obedience
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The body structures that enable reproduction are the
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primary sex characteristics
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Which is the correct order of gestation?
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Zygote-embryo-fetus
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A cross-sectional study if one in which
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different age groups are tested at the same time
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Fluid intelligence refers most directly to a person's
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ability to reason speedily and abstractly
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Which of the following terms refers to a person's accumulated knowledge and verbal skills?
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crystallized intelligence
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Children's ability to infer other people's intentions and feelings is indicative of their emerging
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theory of mind
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Which of the following explanations of why a 17-year old drives his car at or below the speed limit best illustrates Kohlberg's conventional level of morality?
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theory of mind"It's the law"
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thea is in a clothing store with her mother. a man walks by and passes behind a clothing rack. thea looks for him on the other side of the rack. her behavior shows she has developed
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object permanence
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Whose stage theory of moral development was based on how people reasoned about ethical dilemmas?
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kohlberg
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Preschoolers often have trouble buttoning shirts due to less-developed
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fine motor skills
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Identical twins reared apart have _____ similar personalities than identical twins reared together and ______ similar personalities than fraternal twins reared apart.
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less; more
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A conscientious objector refuses to engage in combat because he cannot support the taking of human life. His reasoning best illustrates which stage in Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
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Postconvetional
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Jade is a graduate student who is studying the way in which selective attention develops during the preadolescent years. She selects a group of 10-year-olds and assesses their selective attention every six months over a two-year period. In this example, Jade is using
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a longitudinal research design
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Reinforcement is to operant conditioning as ____ is to observational learning
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modeling
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Using nonsense syllables to study memory, Ebbinghaus found that
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the most rapid memory loss for novel information occurs shortly after it is learned
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In the words "lightly, neatly, and shortly, the ly ending is
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morpheme
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A stressor is an
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environmental event that threatens or challenges us
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An instinctive behavior is one that is
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characterized by all of the above