The Emergence of Political Parties

13 April 2024
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George Washington's secretary of the treasury
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Alexander Hamilton
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How did Alexander Hamilton wanted to raise money
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1. Take on state debts 2. Taxing Whiskey 3. Imposing Tariffs (taxes on imports) 4. Start a national bank
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Many people opposed this plan including, George Washington's secretary of state, _______________, who said that the constitution did not give Hamilton permission to open a national bank
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Thomas Jefferson
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Farmers did not like the tariffs which
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made it harder for them harder to sell their crops to other countries
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Many farmers also made money turning __________ into whiskey and did not like the new tax on whiskey
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grain
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Farmers in Pennsylvania refused to pay the tax and things became so violent that the army had to be called in. This episode became known as the ________
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Whisky Rebelllion
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What did the Whiskey Rebellion showed about the new government?
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The new government could enforce laws but many people felt like the new government was too powerful
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Who did people begin to support after realizing the new government might be too powerful?
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Thomas Jefferson and his beliefs in states' rights
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Alexander Hamilton
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Federalists
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Thomas Jefferson
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Democratic-Republicans
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Believed in a strong central government
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Federalists
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Believed in weak central government
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Democratic-Republicans
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Power should be in the hands of the wealthy and well-educated rather than in the hands of the people. Upperclass lawyers and bankers, city folks
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Federalists
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power should be in the hands of the people b/c they were the safest store of power. lower class farmers and country folks
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democratic-republicans
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Support from New England
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Federalists
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support from south and west
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Democratic-Republicans
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Economy should be based on manufacturing, shipping, and trade
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Federalists
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Opposed French Revolution
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Federalists
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National bank
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Federalists
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"Loose" interpretation of Constitution
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Federalists
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Economy should be based on agriculture
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Democratic-Republicans
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Supported French Revolution
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Democratic-Republicans
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That's not in the constitution
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Democratic-Republicans
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"strict" interpretation of constitution
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Democratic-republicans
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What did loose interpretation used
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Elastic clause
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What does loose interpretation mean?
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Government can do anything as long as it is not forbidden in the Constitution
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What does strict interpretation mean?
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Government can only do what is specifically mentioned in the Constitution
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What did George Washington mentioned in his Farewell Address?
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1. Danger of factions(political parties) 2. Danger of Alliances/ No foreign alliances
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Danger of factions(political parties)
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could divide the nation
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Danger of alliances/no foreign alliances
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we will trade with other nations but making political alliances is dangerous
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Afraid that a bloody revolution could break out in the US like in France, who passed what?
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John Adams(federalist/2nd president) passed the alien act and the sedition act
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The Alien Act
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allowed government to arrest or remove foreigners deemed untrustworthy
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The Sedition Act
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limited free speech and was used to silence critics of the Federalist administration
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Who believed that the alien act and sedition act was unconstitutional
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Democratic-republicans
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In response to the Alien and Sedition Acts which many people believed were unconstitutional,
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Thomas Jefferson and James Madison passed the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions
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stated that a state can nullify(ignore) any federal law that they believed was unconstitutional
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Virginia and Kentucky resolutions
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What did the Virginia and Kentucky resolution became known as
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Doctrine of Nullification
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Although political parties' beliefs and names have been changed over the years, we still have a ______________ and there are still disagreements today
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two-party system