test 1(ch 1-3)

Europeans have a greater acceptance than Americans of Select one: a. tax and social policies that redistribute wealth. b. the strength of the executive branch of government. c. the majoritarian system of government. d. the influence of corporate special interests in the legislative process. e. the influence of corporate money in the election process.

Shays' Rebellion Select one: a. was a successful revolt. b. convinced many political leaders that the national government was too powerful. c. convinced many political leaders that the national government was too weak. d. reinforced public support for the Articles of Confederation. e. occurred after the Philadelphia convention of 1787.

The term of office for a U.S. senator is ________ years, while that of a member of the U.S. House is ________ years. Select one: a. six; two b. four; two c. six; four d. four; four e. eight; four

In an oligarchy, Select one: a. the state is run by corporate interests and companies instead of individuals. b. control rests with a small group of popularly elected individuals. c. control rests with a single individual, such as a dictator. d. control rests with a small group, such as military officers or a few wealthy families. e. the state controls all aspects of individuals' lives, including family relations and the practice of religion.

What is a major limit on majoritarianism suggested by the text? Select one: a. The public as a whole takes an interest in only a few of the hundreds of policy decisions that U.S. officials make each year. b. The public lacks access to the information required to take informed political action on most issues dealt with by the government each year. c. The actions of special interest groups are ultimately more influential than the voting power of the public. d. The rapid turnover of government officials and members of the legislature prevents the majority public from making a sustained effort for any single issue. e. The most power tends to reside with a wealthy minority of the voting public, preventing the majority public from setting the issue agenda.

In key decisions early in the New Deal era, the Supreme Court Select one: a. invalidated key pieces of FDR's New Deal legislation. b. upheld FDR's "court-packing" proposal. c. ruled that segregation violated the Fourteenth Amendment. d. ruled that public accommodations were part of interstate commerce. e. invalidated the commerce clause.

During the Great Depression of the 1930s, the national government Select one: a. provided vast sums to business firms to keep them out of bankruptcy. b. provided health care to Americans on a temporary basis as a means of alleviating economic hardships. c. asserted the power to regulate the nation's economy. d. provided vast sums to the states so they could meet their citizens' welfare needs. e. utilized laissez-faire capitalism in its policies.

Roughly two-thirds of all lobbyists in the nation's capital represent Select one: a. activist organizations. b. labor unions. c. business firms. d. foreign-based political action groups. e. nonprofit organizations.

If a state accepts a federal grant-in-aid, it must Select one: a. comply with federal restrictions on its use. b. reimburse the federal government after a specified period. c. match the funds with twice that amount in state funds. d. reduce its income tax rates to adjust for the increased income. e. None of these answers is correct.

In 1787, most countries in the world had a(n) __________ form of government. Select one: a. confederal b. federal c. unitary d. democratic e. theocratic

The Greek words demos and kratis together mean Select one: a. majority rule is sacred. b. the people rule. c. government is good. d. politics is immoral. e. the king is good.

The writers of the Constitution used the term ________ to describe a form of government that consists of carefully designed institutions that are responsive to the majority but not captive to it. Select one: a. democracy b. republic c. federalism d. majoritarianism e. separation of power

According to the Anti-Federalists, too strong of a national government meant Select one: a. eventual encroachment upon the sovereignty of the states. b. that a new constitutional convention would have to convene every few years. c. that a monarchy was preferable to a republic. d. that effective commerce between and among the states was an impossibility. e. that slavery would be abolished immediately.

A public policy program on which national, state, and local policymakers collaborate is an example of Select one: a. dual federalism. b. cooperative federalism. c. unitary federalism. d. confederal federalism. e. cosponsor federalism.

As described in the text, "political thinking" Select one: a. is the reflection of an individual's ideological position when applied to political issues. b. results from an individual allowing personal bias to inform all thoughts about political issues, instead of doing objective learning or research to form an opinion. c. involves the careful gathering and sifting of information in the process of forming a knowledgeable view about a political issue. d. is the result of an individual's attempts to seek out news media that reinforce a pre-existing political bias. e. is a strategy taken by those seeking election to public office in which their publicly stated positions are designed to maximize their attractiveness to the widest voting bloc.

Which of the following developments in the national political system did NOT provide for more popular control? Select one: a. primary elections b. direct election of U.S. senators c. recall elections d. initiative and referendum e. judicial review

Andrew Jackson persuaded the states to choose their presidential electors Select one: a. on the basis of the popular vote. b. by a vote of the state legislature. c. by a vote of Congress. d. by a presidential convention. e. on the basis of one state, one elector.

Which of the following is NOT one of the core values of American political culture? Select one: a. individualism b. equality c. cooperation d. liberty e. self-government

Under the New Jersey Plan, each state would have ____ vote(s) in Congress. Select one: a. one b. two c. three d. four e. five

The first plan of government for the United States was a Select one: a. confederation. b. federalist system. c. unitary form of government. d. monarchy. e. theocracy.

Which of the following was an argument in favor of federalism at the time of the writing of the Constitution? Select one: a. Federalism will protect liberty. b. Federalism will force officials to be more responsive to the people. c. Federalism will provide for a stronger national government than existed under the Articles of Confederation. d. Federalism will be less likely to produce an all-dominant faction. e. All of these answers are correct.

The doctrine of nullification is most closely associated with Select one: a. Thomas Jefferson. b. Andrew Jackson. c. Roger B. Taney. d. John C. Calhoun. e. John Marshall.

Which of the following aspects of U.S. government might be used as part of an argument that the U.S. is less democratic than some other democracies? Select one: a. the extension of popular direct election to office b. the frequency of election of its larger legislative body c. its extensive reliance on primary elections d. the frequency of election of its chief executive e. its staggered terms of office of members of the legislature

The elastic clause is related to which of the following concepts? Select one: a. enumerated powers b. reserved powers c. implied powers d. concurrent powers e. All of these answers are correct.

n a democratic society, who or what is responsible for personal development? Select one: a. the education system b. political parties c. the progressive being d. the individual e. parents, ministers, and political leaders

Pluralism contends that, on most issues, Select one: a. corporate elites have more control over economic policy than do "the politicians in the visible government." b. the will of the majority of the voting public determines government policy. c. it is the preferences of special interests that largely determine what government does. d. true authority lies with the elected politicians, and not with the public that put them in office. e. the diverse nature of the citizenry enhances the democratic process in policymaking.

A blending of state and national authority is associated with ________ federalism, while a separation of national and state authority is associated with ________ federalism. Select one: a. dual; fiscal b. dual; cooperative c. cooperative; dual d. picket-fence; cooperative e. cooperative; pyramid

According to political scientist Louis Hartz, the United States Select one: a. constitutes a "corporate dictatorship." b. was "born free." c. formed a perfect union. d. is basically a monarchical state. e. "perfected" socialist democracy.

In its 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision, the Supreme Court gave the federal government more power in the area of Select one: a. business regulation. b. labor organizing. c. environmental policy. d. civil rights enforcement. e. All of these answers are correct.

The idea that government should be restricted in its lawful uses of power and hence in its ability to deprive people of their liberty is expressed by the term Select one: a. federalism. b. self-government. c. judicial review. d. limited government. e. natural rights.

In order for the Constitution to go into effect, at least this number of states would need to ratify it: Select one: a. five. b. seven. c. nine. d. eleven. e. thirteen.

The European philosopher whose concept of natural rights had a great impact on American politics is Select one: a. Montesquieu. b. Locke. c. Hobbes. d. Aristotle. e. Burke.

________ referred to his victory in the presidential election as the "Revolution of 1800." Select one: a. John Adams b. Andrew Jackson c. John Marshall d. Thomas Jefferson e. James Madison

The Tenth Amendment addressed the concerns of Anti-Federalists about Select one: a. individual freedoms. b. the meaning of the commerce clause. c. popular representation in Congress. d. the powers of state governments. e. the Electoral College

What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution upon the concept of dual federalism? Select one: a. It brought about the immediate end of the concept. b. It created dominant business interests that raised questions about the suitability of dual federalism as a governing concept. c. It had no impact at all upon the concept. d. It led to passage of the Tenth Amendment. e. It made the doctrine of nullification a political reality.

Federal grants-in-aid used only for a designated activity are called Select one: a. categorical grants. b. block grants. c. revenue-sharing grants. d. targeted grants. e. streamlined grants.

The United States' economy operates primarily as a Select one: a. a mixed economy, with free market capitalism and government regulation. b. free-market system with major elements of socialism. c. socialist system with some free-market elements. d. socialist system. e. communist system.

French philosopher Michel Foucault referred to politics as "________." Select one: a. like making sausage b. the burden of citizens c. a means to an end d. war by other means e. a necessary evil

Which decision is indicative of how the Supreme Court interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment and state discretion in civil rights matters in the decades after the Civil War? Select one: a. Brown v. Board of Education b. the Dred Scott decision c. Plessy v. Ferguson d. McCulloch v. Maryland e. Gibbons v. Ogden

The Bill of Rights Select one: a. reduced the restrictiveness of constitutionalism. b. enhanced the powers of the executive. c. further checked the power of the majority. d. enhanced the majoritarian nature of government. e. restricted the power of corporate influence in the government.

What new policy was established by the U.S. Supreme Court's landmark Gideon v. Wainwright ruling? Select one: a. the right to trial by jury b. the need to charge an arrested suspect with a specific crime within 24 hours of arrest c. the requirement that police read a suspect his rights before or during arrest d. government provision of free legal counsel to the accused if they are too poor to hire a lawyer e. the practice of allowing a suspect out on bail until the time of the trial

Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. The federal government raises roughly as much revenue from taxation as all state and local governments combined. b. The federal government raises significantly more tax revenue than all state and local governments combined. c. State and local governments combined raise twice as much revenue from taxation as the federal government. d. State and local governments combined raise three times as much revenue from taxation as the federal government. e. State and local governments combined raise six times as much revenue as the federal government.

According to the Declaration of Independence, governments get their "just powers" from Select one: a. "God Almighty." b. "the consent of the governed." c. "the various factions." d. "the teachings of Jesus Christ." e. "the benevolence of a just king."

Who was serving as chief justice of the Supreme Court when it decided the case of Marbury v. Madison? Select one: a. John Marshall b. Thomas Jefferson c. John Adams d. James Madison e. Edmund Burke

The Federalist Papers were written by Select one: a. Washington, Adams, and Jefferson. b. Franklin, Washington, and Lee. c. Jefferson, Locke, and Montesquieu. d. Madison, Hamilton, and Jay. e. Marshall, Jefferson, and Adams.

What did Newt Gingrich declare about federalism in 1994? Select one: a. that government had moved too far away from the federalism of the early twentieth century b. that power was beginning to swing back to the federal government c. that the 1960s-style federalism was dead d. that federalism was the only system that could preserve the power of the states e. that the federal government had betrayed the promise of states' rights in the Constitution

Enormous concentrations of wealth and power exist in the U.S. private sector, primarily in the hands of Select one: a. the largest labor unions. b. elite political families such as the Kennedys and the Bushes. c. middle class Americans. d. small businesses. e. large corporations.

Which of the following chronologies is correct? Select one: a. Boston Tea Party (1773); First Continental Congress (1774); and beginning of the American Revolution (1775) b. Shays' Rebellion (1773); Annapolis Convention (1774); and Declaration of Independence (1776) c. Stamp Act (1775); Declaration of Independence (1776); and Philadelphia Convention (1788) d. Common Sense (1769); Declaration of Independence (1776); and The Federalist Papers (1783) e. Declaration of Independence (1776); Articles of Confederation (1787); Constitution (1791); and Federalist No. 10 (1795)

The origin of the concept of separation of powers is most associated with Select one: a. Montesquieu. b. Aristotle. c. Hobbes. d. Locke. e. Jefferson.

The TANF aspect of the Welfare Reform Act Select one: a. was a categorical grant that restricted federal assistance to three years but limited state discretion in how to use the funds. b. was a block grant that, among other aspects, restricted federal assistance to five years. c. was a categorical grant that placed no time restrictions on federal assistance but dramatically limited state discretion in how to use the funds. d. was a block grant with no time or activity restrictions on how to use federal funds. e. ended direct federal welfare assistance to the states in grants of any form.