Psychology Quiz Ch. 1

An integrated explanation of human behavior provided by the neuroscience, cognitive, social-cultural, and other perspectives in psychology is most clearly provided by A.) structuralism. B.) behaviorism. C.) the psychodynamic perspective. D.) a biopsychosocial approach.

By testing their predictions with the observational methods of science, psychologists are most clearly relying on A.) the psychodynamic perspective. B.) an empirical approach. C.) introspection. D.) a biopsychosocial approach.

A negative correlation between people's work-related stress and their marital happiness would indicate that A.) work-related stress has a negative impact on marital happiness. B.) marital unhappiness promotes work-related stress. C.) higher levels of marital happiness are associated with lower levels of work-related stress. D.) marital happiness has no causal influence on work-related stress.

Debates as to whether the excessive use of alcohol is biologically determined or culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of A.) nature and nurture. B.) observation and introspection. C.) behavior and mental processes. D.) structuralism and functionalism.

Hindsight bias and overconfidence often lead us to overestimate the value of A.) the placebo effect. B.) wording effects. C.) random sampling. D.) intuitive judgments.

In drug-treatment studies, double-blind procedures minimize outcome differences between experimental and control conditions that could be attributed to A.) replication. B.) operational definitions. C.) random sampling. D.) placebo effects.

The scientific study of behavior without reference to mental processes was of special interest to A.) Edward Titchener. B.) William James. C.) Sigmund Freud. D.) B. F. Skinner.

Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our human ancestors is most relevant to the ________ perspective. A.) behavioral B.) cognitive C.) evolutionary D.) psychodynamic

Which perspective would be most helpful for understanding the role of repeated practice on the long-term retention of information? A.) psychodynamic B.) social-cultural C.) cognitive D.) behavior genetics

Ethical principles developed by psychologists urge investigators to A.) avoid the use of animals in experimental research. B.) minimize the use of the double-blind procedure with human research participants. C.) treat information about individual research participants confidentially. D.) avoid the use of financial incentives in any kind of research.