Psychology 110 – Chapter 7

Casey says he'll never forget the look on her face the day he told his mother he got accepted into graduate school. This memory is an example of

You learned the names of the 50 states and the capital of each one when you were 10 years old. This is an example of:

Procedural memory involves

Which of the following scenarios is the best example of a working memory?

Which one of the following scenarios is most likely to result in a sensory memory being sent to short - term memory?

The process by which information gets into memory storage is called

In thinking about memory like a computer, encoding would be

Roger is on a date with Kara in a crowded restaurant. In order to pay attention to what Kara is saying, Roger must "tune out" all of the other noises in the restaurant and just focus on her voice. This is an example of

Jamal likes to study while listening to music. His ability to focus on both his homework and the music at the same time is an example of

During a psychology lecture, you check your social media updates regularly on your mobile device. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A mental framework that develops from our experiences is known as

Schemas help us

If an experience does not fit an existing schema, it is likely to be:

The way information is stored and recalled in memory can be influenced ______ by schemas

Your first professor in college was a female history professor. The history professor gave lots of pop quizzes and exams, but she didn't have any homework assignments in her class. Because of your _____ about college professors, you now believe that your female chemistry professor wont be giving any homework assignments

Ryan was born into a family that held racist views. He now has a schema that has racist ideas. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following is not a reason forgetting occurs?

Ronda says she cant study for her classes in her dorm room because her roommates make too much noise. Their talking, loud music, and TV programs "jumble up" in her brain and she cant remember what she just read. What memory issue is Ronda describing?

Memory occurs through three important processes

A researcher is interested in the retention of information or experience over time. What is her area of expertise?

Corey is at the store with his wife. He sees a classmate from last semester up ahead in the aisle and begins to panic because he knows he will have to say hello and introduce his wife to his classmate, but he cant remember his classmates name - even though he spoke to him 3 days a week last term. Which of the following best explains why Corey cant remember the man's name?

In the context of how memory is organized, which of the following is true of schemas?

Which of the following is a similarity between echoic memory and iconic memory?

____ refers to a persons knowledge about the world, his or her area of expertise, general knowledge, and everyday knowledge

In the context of memory storage, which of the following structures of the brain is especially active when an individual encodes new info into memory?

Sarah is reading a book on the different species of insects found in the Amazon Basin. In this scenario, Sarah is primarily

Hank sees a car run a red light. Despite only seeing the car for a short amount of time, he is able to recall the license plate. In this scenario, Hank has most likely used his ____ to recall the license plate

____ is the method of improving short term memory that involves the conscious repetition of information

Jacob is a waiter at Alpines, a five-star restaurant. He is known for his excellent memory with regard to customer orders. He recalls each customer's order perfectly by associating the order with where the customer is seated and with the clothes the customer is wearing. In this scenario, which of the following encoding processes is Jacob most likely using to help him remember his orders?

____ refers to the tendency to recall the items at the beginning and end of a list more readily than those in the middle

When John was asked to memorize 15 alphabets in particular order, he organized them into groups of three letters each and memorized them in the given order. In this scenario, John has used the tactic of

A preexisting mental concept or framework that helps people organize and interpret information is called a(n)

Moments before his exam, Daniel glances through a chapter on bioreactors in his textbook - a chapter that he has not looked at before. When he starts the exam, he is surprised to find a question on bioreactors. All Daniel can remember is the physical appearance of bioreactors and how they were labeled in his textbook. Which of the following is most likely the highest level of processing that Daniel engaged in while encoding the information on the bioreactors?

Samantha tells her friend, Ava, that she should use imagery when studying. In the context in the science of memory, This tip will be most useful to Ava when she is ______ information.

_____ is the conscious recollection of information, such as specific facts and events and, at least in humans, information that can be verbally communicated

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a flashbulb memory?

Vivian visits the public aquarium in her city. While looking at the fish tank, she notices an apple snail stuck to the glass of the tank. She feels nostalgic because she remembers collecting apple snails with her brothers when they were younger. Which of the following is most likely the highest level of processing Vivian has engaged in while encoding her childhood memory of apple snails?

Hillary is recalling details from her most recent trip to Disney World. Which lobe of her brain is most active?

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the deepest level of processing in memory?

Identify the element of sensory memory that would be most useful in quickly scanning a map of a country to learn the geographical location of its states

Which of the following is true according to the dual code hypothesis?

The connectivist view of memory argues that

Gary was in a rush to get to his school. While on the way to school, he remembered that he had left his homework at home. In this scenario, Gary had recalled that he had left his homework at home using his

With respect to the primacy effect, the first few items in a list are easily remembered because they _____

Which of the following items refers to the memory disorder that affects the retention of new information and events?

According to the ____ theory, people forget not because their memories are lost from storage but because other information gets in the way of what they want to remember.

Which of the following is a way to improve short term memory?

Who proposed an influential model of working memory featuring a 3 - part system that allows individuals to hold information temporarily "in mind" as they perform cognitive tasks?

Jeff is trying to remember a list of 10 letters that are grouped into the following chunks: XA BDF TRI UX. In the context of chunking, which of the following is most likely to improve his recollection of the letters?

____ allows individuals to understand themselves and provides them with a source of identity

Ashley is in the habit of listening to music while studying. She usually puts her headphones on when she's reading through a textbook. In this scenario, Ashley is demonstrating _____.

____ refers to a situation in which material that was learned earlier disrupts the recall of the material that was learned later

Dan is on a tour with his wife in Turkey. While sightseeing, Dan answers all the questions his wife has about the mountains and the places they see. In this scenario, Dan is most likely using his ____ to answer his wife's questions

Which of the following is true of elaboration in memory?

___ is the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time

Which of the following procedures, used by law enforcement officials, is most likely to reduce eyewitness errors?

In the context of memory storage, which of the following structures of the brain is especially active when an individual encodes new information into memory?

In the context of retrieval failures, the decay theory states that memories fade because

Unlike anterograde amnesia, retrograde amnesia

Derek is suffering from anterograde amnesia. Which of the following is most likely true of Derek in this case?

___ refers to a situation in which material that was learned later disrupts the retrieval of information that was learned earlier

Kevin is studying for a vocabulary test. When he studies the word "braggart," he thinks of how his childhood friend Billy acted whenever Billy was given a new toy. Which of the following is the highest level of processing Kevin has engaged in while encoding the word "braggart"?

Jane hears a strange sound coming from her attic. She wakes her husband and mimics the sound she just heard. In this scenario, Jane's ____ is responsible for her ability to retain memory of the sound long enough to reproduce it

Differentiate between short term memory and working memory

Ingrid works in the information technology department of a big company. Whenever the company hires someone new, she has to set up a new computer for them. In this scenario, Ingrid will easily be able to set up a computer because the information on how to set up the computer is stored in her

Vince injured his cerebellum in a motorcycle accident. Consequently, Vince's implicit memory was affected. In the context of memory, which of the following is most likely to happen?

Emma attends a friend's party. In the party, despite talking at lengths with lots of people, she only remembers the names of the last few people she met. In this scenario, Emma is demonstrating the ___

Which of the following is true of autobiographical memory?

_____ is an implicit memory process that involves memory for skills

Charlie has opted to study both Spanish and French in school this semester. As he studies a list of words for his french test, he realizes that he has forgotten the list of Spanish words he learnt the day before. In the context of retrieval failure, this is an example of _____

Janet has memorized one of John Keats's poems for an upcoming school play. The poem has four verses, and Janet can recite the entire poem verbatim. With reference to the serial position effect in memory retrieval, which of the following verses is Janet most likely to remember in the future?

In the context of memory storage, which of the following structures of the brain is especially active when an individual retrieves information from memory?

Which of the following is true of long-term memory?

When a concept is primed, it means that the concept is

Jenna was in an accident a week before her wedding. Due to injury to her head, Jenna's memory has been affected even though she can speak and read clearly. She remembers that she is getting married in a week and remembers her appointments for the week, but she has no memory of how she met her fiance or how long they were dating. In this scenario, Jenna's ____ memory is most likely impaired

____ refers to auditory sensory memory, which is retained for several seconds

Two years ago, Naomi played the part of Lady Macbeth in a talent show. She recited an entire monologue from one of the scenes of the play. Now, Naomi can only recollect the opening lines of the same monologue. Which of the following tendencies is Naomi displaying in this scenario by recalling only the opening lines?

When John was asked to memorize 15 letters of the alphabet in a particular order, he organized them into groups of 3 letters each and memorized them in the given order. In this scenario, John has used the tactic of____

The first step of memory is ____, the process by which information gets into memory storage

Chunking is the process of

Ryan, a high-school football player, received a head injury during a game. Following recovery, Ryan was unable to remember anything that happened before the injury. However, he was able to form new relationships and new memories. In the context of forgetting, Ryan's condition best exemplifies _____.

Which of the following statements about the retrieval memory is true?

____ is the method of improving short - term memory that involves the conscious repetition of information

Daisy, a 16 year old who was in a car accident in which she suffered a serious brain injury. Since then, Daisy is unable to remember anything about her past experiences. She cannnot recall what she did last week, how the accident happened, or any of her childhood experiences. However, she is able to read, write, and speak accurately and remembers the names of the countries, things, places, and famous people. In the context of long-term memory, which of the following is most likely true in this scenario?

Detective Dan is the primary detective in a case of homicide. In which of the following ways can he use the process of context-dependent memory to his advantage?

_____ is the memory of emotionally significant events that people often recall with more accuracy and vivid imagery than everyday events

In the context of memory processes, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of encoding information?

Jillian, a flight attendant, is fluent in Spanish. Ever since she has learnt French, however, Jillian finds it difficult to remember Spanish words and phrases. In this scenario, Jillian's failure to retrieve Spanish words and phrases is most likely caused by _____.

Which of the following is true of working memory?

While on trek, Ben gets bitten by a snake. He notices the color and size of the snake and realizes the snake is not poisonous. In this scenario, Ben has most likely used his ____ to recall that the snake is not poisonous

Which of the following is true of flashbulb memories?

In the context of short term memory, which of the following is true of rehearsal?

John is at the hospital for his knee injury. To know more about his injury, his doctor asks him where and when he injured himself. In this scenario, John is most likely to use his ____ to answer the question

Albert is listening intently to his principal's lecture on the advancement of scientific research. In this scenario, Albert is most likely _____.