Nutrition Chapter 12

25 July 2022
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question
The foodborne infection that is most commonly a result of eating contaminated eggs or poultry is:
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Salmonellosis
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To reduce your intake of pesticide residues you would:;
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Trim fat from meat & discard the outer layers of cabbage; a and b
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Characteristics of the artificial fat olestra include:
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it passes through the digestive tract unabsorbed; it is fortified with vitamin E; a and b
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Numerous health organizations concluded that irradiation of food is safe and can improve food safety in the United States and the world.
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True
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What can be said about fresh produce and foodborne illness?
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produce grown close to the ground may be irrigated with contaminated water
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Those individuals purchasing organic foods are urged to:
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wash raw produce vigorously, cook the food properly; b and c
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A food manufacturer is packaging a new food product that is susceptible to mold and bacterial growth. The food additive he most likely would use to protect the food is:
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acetic acid
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Results of commercial drying of foods include:
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it eliminates microbial spoilage, it eliminates the water in foods; a and b
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The FDA has identified genetic modification of foods as the area of least concern in our food supply.
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True
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One difference between toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium botulinum in foods is that:
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Staph toxins are heat stable and survive cooking.
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What is a beneficial reason for purchasing organic fresh fruits and vegetables rather than conventionally grown foods?
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growing methods used down harm the environment
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A person eating in an Asian restaurant has just finished a meal and immediately experiences the symptoms of burning and flushing of the skin and a headache. What ingredient added to the foods may have brought about this reaction?
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monosodium glutamate
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What of the following artificial sweeteners is made from sucrose?
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sucralose
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The potato salad you brought to the picnic potluck in the park has been sitting out for 4 hours during the meal on a hot sunny day. What should you do with the leftover servings once the meal is finished?
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throw away the leftovers because they have been at an unsafe temperature too long
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Which of the following should not be used to thaw frozen meats?
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defrosting at room temperature, defrosting in a bath of warm water; b and c
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The extruding process is based on:
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grinding, temperature; b and c
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Supporters of genetic engineering for foods state the following as a benefit:
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plants and animals can be engineered to contain higher levels of certain vitamins and minerals, plants can be engineered to provide vaccines and immunizations against disease; a and c
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To protect the vitamin content of fruits and vegetables, you would:
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select vine-ripened ones, chill immediately after picking; b and c
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You are selecting salad ingredients for your dinner in a grocery store and see puffy sealed plastic bags containing mixed cut salad vegetables. Should you select this product?
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yes, because modified atmosphere packaging has been used
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One purpose of genetic engineering is to:
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make crops resistant to diseases
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The large ears of sweet corn available today are the result of:
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selective breeding
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Which of the following is(are) the best known and most widely used antimicrobial agents?
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salt, sugar; a and c
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For which of the following additives are only 10 of the original list of 80 still approved for use?
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artificial colors
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Which of the following groups should avoid all uncooked or undercooked eggs?
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the elderly, those who suffer immune dysfunction; a and c
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If you are preparing a potato for dinner and see a player of green just under the skin, you should:
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peel off the green layer and cook the potato
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The difference between foodborne infection and foodborne intoxication is that:
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foodborne intoxication results from chemicals produced by microbes
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Which of the following is the most susceptible to bacterial contamination?
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ground meat
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To minimize the loss of water-soluble vitamins from vegetables you would:
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microwave them, steam them over water: a and c
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The agency charged withe responsibility of deciding what additives shall be in foods is the:
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Food and Drug Administration
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To be sure that your home-canned food does not contain the botulinum toxin you would:
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follow proper canning techniques, boil the canned food for 10 minutes; a and b
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To avoid cross-contamination of foods:
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it is good to practice to keep a separate cutting board just for raw meats.
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What irradiation is used to protect foods from contamination, what happens to the quality of those foods?
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vitamin loss is minimal and comparable to that of other food processing methods
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Which of the following is not used as an antioxidant in foods?
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vitamin A
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Which of the following causes cancer in animals?
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nitrosamines
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Losses of which of the following vitamins are least likely during the canning process?
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vitamin A
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Current evidence indicates that moderate intakes of artificial sweeteners pose no health risks.
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True
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To control the safety of additives in foods that FDA has rules manufacturers most follow, which include:
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submitting proof that a new additive is safe after numerous tests
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Monosodium glutamate:
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is used widely in Asian restaurants, is an example of a flavor enhancer; a and b
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Water-soluble vitamins and minerals are affected by canning.
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True
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Which of the following terms on a food label does not have a specific meaning defined by labeling regulations?
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free-range
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The proper way to wash hands when handling foods is to:
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wash hands with soap and warm water for 15 seconds
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Opponents of genetic engineering make the following argument:
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consumers cannot remove GE pesticides that form within the tissue of the plant
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If pesticides have been used on fresh fruits and vegetables, what do you know about the safety of those foods?
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most pesticides can be removed by thoroughly washing the foods
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Organic foods reduce harm to the environment because they are produced by sustainable agriculture methods such as:
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raising animals in natural surroundings with access to the outdoors
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All varieties of sushi are made from raw fish.
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False
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When irradiation is used to protect foods from contamination, what happens to the quality of those foods?
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vitamin loss is mineral and comparable to that of other food processing methods
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Characteristics of foods that have undergone extrusion include:
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they usually have had colors added to them, they have undergone considerable nutrient losses; a and c
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Several hours after eating a chilled three-bean salad containing home-canned green beans, family members have difficulty breathing and swallowing, double vision, and muscle weakness. What should they do?
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go to the hospital immediately because they have botulism
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BHT protects fruits and vegetables from browning caused by exposure to oxygen.
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True
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To avoid poisoning by toxins you would
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consume a variety of foods, eat all foods in moderation; a and c
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Regulations for the production of certified organic foods specify that:
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plant foods must be produced without the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, producers must submit to USDA inspections; a and c
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Frozen foods' nutrient content is similar to that of:
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fresh foods
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Which of the following is (are) not required to bear a label stating that they have been irradiated?
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spices mixed with processed foods
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When comparisons are made between organic, conventional, and genetic engineering methods of growing foods, one of the main differences is that:
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genetic engineering can be used to increase nutrient content
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To prevent foodborne illness you would:
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use a meat thermometer to roast a whole chicken, cook hamburgers to well-done, a and b
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The word organic on the label is no guarantee that a food is:
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completely pesticide-free
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Billy loves to eat raw seafood and does so frequently. As a result, Billy runs the risk of suffering from:
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hepatitis, worms; a and c
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There has been concern for many years about the safety of artificial sweeteners and their use in the diet. How would you respond to someone who asks about this?
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current evidence shows that moderate intakes of artificial sweeteners pose no health risks in adults
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The use of selective breeding in human agriculture:
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can involve analysis of DNA from successful seedlings
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To prevent serious illness from consuming oysters you would:
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eat them fully cooked and not raw
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Which of the following is (are) not intentionally used in or on foods?
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contaminants
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Your family has the tradition of leaving the Thanksgiving turkey on the dinner table for everyone to snack on as they please in the evening after the big mid-day meal has been finished. This year several family members wake up the next day with vomiting, stomach cramps, and diarrhea. Which foodborne contaminant was the most likely culprit?
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Salmonella bacteria
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Food additives used in the U.S. are strictly controlled and pose little cause for concern.
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True
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Nitrites are commonly found in:
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hot dogs, ham; a and b
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Which of the following would be least likely to lose any vitamin C during the freezing process?
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strawberries
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Which of the following synthetic sweeteners should not be given to individuals with phenylketonuria?
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aspartame
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How does modified atmosphere packaging protect foods?
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it excludes oxygen needed by many bacteria
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Which of the following statements about the "Core Four" practices for sanitation is accurate?
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foods should be kept out of the food danger zone of 40°-140°F
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Only _____ synthetic color additives are still approved by the FDA for use in foods.
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10
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Which of the following hazards in our food supply is of most concern according to the Food and Drug Administration?
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microbial foodborne illness
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The best way to keep chilled foods safe is to:
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refrigerate them immediately after getting home from the grocery store
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Nitrites are added to foods to:
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a and b inhibit rancidity and preserve their color
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To control the safety of additives in foods the FDA has rules manufacturers must follow, which include:
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submitting proof that a new additive is safe after numerous tests
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Joe is planning a trip to Mexico and wants to practice food safety while traveling. You would tell Joe to:
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avoid salads
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The agency charged with the responsibility of deciding what additives shall be in foods is the:
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Food and Drug Administration
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Properly irradiated food does not become radioactive.
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True
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After cooking, foods should be held at _____° F or higher until served.
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140
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Which of the following is(are) not intentionally used in or on foods?
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contaminants
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Which of the following would lose the most thiamin?
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canned foods
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Which of the following statements is true concerning the GRAS list?
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a and b It includes a list of additives believed to be safe and It stands for "generally recognized as safe."
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Sulfite additives added during the drying of fruits results in:
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a and c prevention of browning and destruction of thiamin.
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Which of the following foods would you not choose for a picnic?
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mixed salad of chopped ingredients
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A person choosing a food that contains sulfites should not count on that food to provide a share of the daily need for:
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thiamin.