History Vocab. Ch. 16-19

1 September 2022
4.7 (114 reviews)
78 test answers

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers (74)
question
The Social Gospel
answer
Called for equalization of wealth and power.
question
Which statement about the theory of Social Darwinism is FALSE?
answer
The theory argued that the "deserving poor" only included children.
question
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877:
answer
was evidence of worker solidarity and the close ties between industry and the Republican Party.
question
Which statement about the Haymarket Affair is FALSE?
answer
The Knights of Labor was directly responsible for the violence that took place at Haymarket.
question
William M. Tweed was a(n):
answer
political boss who, although corrupt, provided important services to New Yorkers.
question
In the nineteenth century, pools, trusts, and mergers were:
answer
ways that manufacturers sought to control the marketplace.
question
In 1883, ____________ divided the nation into the four time zones still used today.
answer
the major railroad companies
question
During the second industrial revolution, the courts:
answer
tended to favor the interests of industry over those of labor.
question
Which of the following statements best summarizes the reasons for the tripling of railroad track miles in the United States between 1860 and 1890?
answer
Private investment and massive grants of land and money by federal, state, and local governments spurred the building.
question
The Knights of Labor:
answer
was an inclusive organization that advocated for a vast array of reforms.
question
One significant economic impact of the second industrial revolution was:
answer
frequent and prolonged economic depressions.
question
The second industrial revolution was marked by:
answer
the acceleration of factory production and increased activity in the mining and railroad industries.
question
The Haymarket Affair:
answer
was provoked by the 1886 bombing at a Chicago labor rally.
question
By 1890, the majority of Americans:
answer
worked for wages
question
The theory of Social Darwinism argued that:
answer
the theory of evolution applied to humans, thus explaining why some were rich and some were poor.
question
Which statement about labor and the law is FALSE?
answer
Workers generally welcomed the Court's decisions on industry.
question
The American working class:
answer
lived in desperate conditions.
question
In "How the Other Half Lives", Jacob Riis:
answer
focused on the wretched conditions of New York City slums.
question
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller:
answer
built up giant corporations that dominated their respective markets.
question
The ________________ made possible the second industrial revolution in America.
answer
railroads
question
One of the reasons that the Great Strike of 1877 was important is that:
answer
it underscored the tensions produced by the rapid industrialization of the time.
question
The Supreme Court in Lochner v. New York:
answer
voided a state law establishing that bakers could work a maximum of sixty hours per week.
question
All of the following factors contributed to explosive economic growth during the Gilded Age EXCEPT:
answer
low tariffs.
question
Thomas Edison:
answer
invented, among other things, a system for generating and distributing electricity.
question
For workers, the second industrial revolution meant all of the following EXCEPT:
answer
a decrease in child labor.
question
The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882:
answer
prohibited any Chinese from entering the United States.
question
In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court:
answer
ruled that "separate but equal" accommodations were constitutional.
question
How did the Civil War come to be remembered by the 1890s as the white North and South moved toward reconciliation?
answer
As a tragic family quarrel among white Americans, in which blacks played no significant part.
question
During the "Age of Empire," American racial attitudes:
answer
had a global impact.
question
Which statement about the disenfranchisement of blacks in the South is FALSE?
answer
The Supreme Court upheld the grandfather clause.
question
In his Atlanta speech of 1895, Booker T. Washington:
answer
encouraged blacks to adjust to segregation.
question
In the South, the Redeemers:
answer
imposed a new racial order.
question
The Philippine War:
answer
was far longer and bloodier than the Spanish-American War.
question
Twenty years after the end of Reconstruction, African-Americans in the South:
answer
suffered the most from the region's poor conditions.
question
After the 1890s, American expansionism:
answer
was partly fueled by the need to stimulate American exports.
question
Journalists who worked for newspapers like William Randolph Hearst's "New York Journal," which sensationalized events to sell papers, were called:
answer
yellow journalists.
question
The "white man's burden":
answer
comes from a poem by Rudyard Kipling.
question
Founded in 1886, the American Federation of Labor:
answer
restricted membership to only skilled workers.
question
Americans have referred to the 1890s as the women's era because:
answer
women's economic opportunities and roles in public life expanded.
question
The Spanish-American War:
answer
brought the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico under U.S. control.
question
What explains the appeal of the Lost Cause mythology for Southern whites in the late nineteenth century?
answer
It helped southern whites cope with defeat but preserve white supremacy.
question
In 1900, most of the nearly 5 million women who worked for wages worked in:
answer
the garment industry and as domestic laborers.
question
By the end of the nineteenth century, African-American men in the South:
answer
were forced out of politics and passed leadership to female African-American activists.
question
Plessy v. Ferguson:
answer
sanctioned racial segregation.
question
Newspaper and magazine writers who exposed the ills of industrial and urban life, fueling the Progressive movement, were known as:
answer
muckrakers.
question
All of the following statements about Urban Progressives are true EXCEPT:
answer
they worked with political machines.
question
Jane Addams:
answer
advocated for the working poor.
question
Progressive governor of Wisconsin, Robert La Follette, instituted all of the following reforms EXCEPT:
answer
promising lower taxes and less government interference.
question
During the Progressive era:
answer
new immigration from southern and eastern Europe reached its peak.
question
All of the following measures expanded democracy during the Progressive era EXCEPT:
answer
literacy tests and residency requirements.
question
Margaret Sanger was a:
answer
birth-control advocate.
question
Most new immigrants who arrived during the early years of the twentieth century:
answer
lived in close-knit communities.
question
President Theodore Roosevelt:
answer
believed the president should be an honest broker in labor disputes.
question
Maternalist reform:
answer
was supported by both feminists and more traditional women.
question
Which statement about the American Federation of Labor in the early twentieth century is FALSE?
answer
The AFL proposed an overthrow of the capitalist system.
question
A cause not widely championed by Progressives was:
answer
civil rights for blacks.
question
What brought about a new wave of sympathy for the plight of women in the garment industry in Lawrence, Massachusetts?
answer
The appearance of malnourished children evacuated from Lawrence shocked the public.
question
The program that sought to streamline production and boost profits by systematically controlling costs and work practices was called:
answer
scientific management.
question
All of the following statements about Jane Addams and Hull House are true EXCEPT:
answer
She believed that immigrant women primarily needed union protection.
question
In the early twentieth century, the Socialist Party advocated for all of the following EXCEPT:
answer
national health insurance.
question
The Progressive movement drew its strength from:
answer
middle-class reformers.
question
The writer whose work encouraged the passage of the Meat Inspection Act was:
answer
Upton Sinclair.
question
During the Progressive era;
answer
growing numbers of native-born white women worked in offices.
question
The new concepts of "living wage" and the "American standard of living":
answer
allowed for criticism of the inequalities of wealth and power.
question
The term "Fordism":
answer
describes an economic system based on mass production and mass consumption.
question
Why did workers experience the introduction of scientific management as a loss of freedom?
answer
Skilled workers under scientific management had to obey very detailed instructions.
question
During the Progressive era
answer
urban development highlighted social inequalities.
question
The Sixteenth Amendment:
answer
authorized Congress to implement a graduated income tax.
question
A worker who crossed a picket line during a strike was called a:
answer
scab
question
The work "Progressivism" came into common use around 1910:
answer
as a way of describing a loosely defined political movement.
question
Which of the following social groups was NOT heavily involved in the Progressive movement?
answer
Unskilled immigrant workers.
question
In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court:
answer
argued that women were too weak to work long hours.
question
The Industrial Workers of the World:
answer
advocated a workers' revolution.
question
The Triangle Shirtwaist fire:
answer
brought in its wake much-needed safety legislation.
question
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Progressive reformers?
answer
Progressives pursued radical alternatives to capitalism.
question
The battle for free speech among workers in the early twentieth century:
answer
was led by the Industrial Workers of the World.
question
All of the following statements about mass consumption in the early twentieth century are true EXCEPT:
answer
southerners fully participated in the mass-consumption society.
question
Which statement about the textile strike in Lawrence, Massachusetts, in 1912 is FALSE?
answer
The strikers asked the American Federation of Labor for assistance.