Chapter 6: Medicine - Terms

25 July 2022
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The word part Mento- means:
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chin
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the first seven bones of the vertebral column forming the neck are the ______ vertebrae
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cervical
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The set of 5 large vertebrae which form the inward curve of the lower spine are called
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lumbar vertebrae
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the "wrist bones" which are composed of 8 small bones in two rows are formally called the
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carpals
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the ankle bones are called the _____ bones
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tarsals
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The combining forms or terms that literally mean "rib" are:
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cost/o and pleuro-
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the combining word forms that refer to the "spine, vertebral column, and/or vertebra" are:
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rachi/o- and spondyl/o-
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The term that means cartilage swelling or cartilage tumor is:
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chondroma
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the diagnostic term that literally means "inflamed joint" is
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arthr/itis
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The medical term Burs/itis literally means:
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sac inflamed
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the term "ankylosis" literally means:
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crooked, stiff, bent/condition
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the combining form of a term that means "hump or hunchback" is
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kypho-
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the diagnostic term "Genu Varum" means
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knees are bent outward
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the combining form _____ means bone marrow or spinal cord
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myelo-
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the word part fibro- means
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fiber
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the combining form scolio- means
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crooked, bent
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The word part Frons- means:
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forehead or front
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the combining form "asthenia" means
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weakness
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The word part Omo- means:
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shoulder
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the diagnostic term that means abnormal build up of lime or calcium in tissues is
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calcin/osis
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The diagnostic term Avulsion means:
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tearing a piece of bone
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a condition that causes buildup of uric acid crystals in the blood with deposition in joints is
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gout
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the diagnostic term "herniated disc" in reference to an intervertebral cartilage means that the disc is/has
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ruptured or protruded
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the diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density is
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osteoporosis
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what does the word part talus- mean?
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ankle
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what does the word part rachio- mean?
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spine
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The surgical term for the repair of cartilage is called:
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chondr/o/plasty
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the term chiro/pract/or literally means
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one who practices by hand
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what does the word part bucco- mean?
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cheek
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The surgical term Phalang/ectomy means:
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excision of a finger or toe bone
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which of the following means "skull?"
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cranio
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dento-, donto- and odonto- all mean
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tooth
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The term for X-ray film (recording) of a joint is:
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arthro/gram
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The procedural term that means visual examination inside a joint is:
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arthroscop/y
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The word part Dactylo- means:
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finger, toe
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what is the word part for jaw?
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gnatho
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the medical term for a specialist who treats and diagnoses foot diseases and disorders such as corns, bunions, claw foot, ingrown toenails, and par/onych/itis is a
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pod/iatr/ist
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What attaches muscle to bone?
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tendons
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if a fracture has a protrusion through the skin, it is:
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open fracture
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the diagnostic term rheumat/oid arthr/itis refers to
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auto-immune disease often with cartilaginous hypertrophy
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osteoarthritis is
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inflammation of a bone joint causing bone hypertrophy
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what is a break in the distal portion of the radius and the ulna of the arm called?
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colles' wrist fracture
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the diagnostic term rotary cuff avulsion actually means
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tearing of shoulder joint soft tissues, ligaments, and deep tendons
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the medical condition of ___ is the backward bending of the thoracic spinal vertebrae
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kyphosis
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Swelling of the bursa below the knee is diagnostically referred to as:
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prepatellar bursitis
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a ___ is usually a sudden traction on a muscle, ligament, and joint capsule
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sprain
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the diagnostic term sub/laxation actually means
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partial joint dislocation
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what is the strongest tendon in the body?
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Achilles tendon
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the diagnostic term for hammer toe means
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the toes are bent over or down
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____ is characterized by soreness, tenderness, and weakness of the muscles of the thumb caused by pressure on the median nerve
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carpal tunnel syndrome
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The word part Cleido- means:
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clavicle
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The word part Axillo- means:
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armpit
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Muscle terms for belly or abdomen are:
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abdominus or laparal
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The word part Occiputo- means
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back of head
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a procedure of making a record of muscle activity is called
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electro/myo/graph/y
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what word part means socket?
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orbito
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the diagnostic term anterior polio/myel/itis means an
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inflammation of the spinal cord frontal gray horn
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the diagnostic term my/asthenia gravis actually means
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muscle heavy and weak
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the diagnostic term muscular dys/trophy means
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faulty muscle development
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the term "trauma" refers to a
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wound
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the muscle term ad/duct/or literally means
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one who/draws/toward
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the diagnostic term pes planus means
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flat foot
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the muscle term supinator means
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turns upward - one who
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what word part means thumb?
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pollex
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the word part mano- means
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hand
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the profession of cytology is the study or examination of what part of the human body?
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cells
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if an athlete is circumducting their arm, they are moving it
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in a circle
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based on its name, the anterior serratus muscle appears to look like a
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saw-tooth
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if john is adducting his arm, he is
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moving it toward his body
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a muscular dystrophy patient who presents with a condition of "winged scapulae" means that they have a problem with their
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shoulder
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"fibromyalgia" literally means
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fibers/muscle/pain
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a patient with "genu osteoporosis" means the condition is located in their
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knee
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Mary has "idiopathic" kyphoscoliosis, which indicates that her condition has no clear:
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cause
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pectus excavatum is more commonly referred to as
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sunken chest
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Dactylitis can be associated with sickle cell disease and the term means inflammation of the:
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fingers
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which term means flat footed?
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pes planus