Chapter 6: Musculo/skeletal

5 September 2022
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The myeloid tissue in cancellous bone is semi liquid and produces most RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets is usually referred to as:
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bone marrow or red marrow
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The upper jawbone is called the:
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maxilla
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The first seven bones of the vertebral column (forming the neck) are the:
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cervical
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The third set of 5 large vertebrae, which form the inward curve of the lower spine and are the spinal column's major weight bearers, are called:
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lumbar vertebrae
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The wrist bones composed of 8 small bones in two rows are called the:
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carpus or carpals
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The ankle bones are called the ___________ bones:
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tarsal "flat surface"
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The combining format or terms that literally mean "rib" are:
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cost/o and pleuro-
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The combining word form that refers to the "spine, vertebral column, and/or vertebra" is:
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"rachi/o- and "spondyl/o-"
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The term that means cartilage swelling or cartilage tumor is:
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chondroma
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The diagnostic term that literally means inflamed joint is:
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arthr/itis
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The medical term Burs/itis literally means:
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wine sac or sac inflamed
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The term Ankylosis literally means:
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crooked, stiff, bent/condition; bones pathologically fused together
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The combining form of a term that means "hump or hunchback" is ___________, and the medical condition of __________ is the backward bending of the thoracic (chest vertebrae) spine
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kypho- -kyph/o/sis
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The diagnostic term Genu Varum (knees are in the varus position) means:
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knees are bent outward (bow-legged)
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The combining form _________ means bone marrow or spinal cord
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myelo- "osteomyelitis or myelogram"
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The combining forms that mean "movement or motion" are:
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kinesio- and -praxia
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The combining forms that mean "stone" are:
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petro- and litho-
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The combining form scolio- means:
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crooked and curved - lateral or side curve (to bend) of vertebrae, along with rotation
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An ankle sprain is often characterized by ________:
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hematoma formation, with ligaments that are stretched, or partially or fully torn
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The diagnostic term Ankylos/ing Spondy/itis refers to the auto-immune condition of Rheumatoid Arthritis and actually means:
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the abnormal condition of stiffness and fusion of vertebrae
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The diagnostic term My/asthenia and Neur/asthenia mean:
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muscle weakness and nerve weakness
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The diagnostic term that means pain in the tendon is:
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tenalgia or tenodynia
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The diagnostic term that means abnormal build up of calcium on the kneecap (patella) surface is:
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calcin/osis
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The diagnostic term Avulsion means:
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tearing lose of a body part like a bone chip or ligament
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The diagnostic term for a disease that causes excessive amounts of uric acid crystals in the blood to be deposited in a joint (elbow or toe) is:
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gout
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The diagnostic term Herniated Disc means:
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ruptured or protruding inter/vertebral disk cartilage
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The diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density or increased bone poros/ity is:
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osteo/por/o/sis
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The surgical term Lamin/ectomy and Rachi/o/tomy actually mean:
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excision of posterior vertebral arch and cutting the vertebral column
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The surgical term Arthr/o/desis means:
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surgical fixation or binding of a joint
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an instrument used to cut bone is called a(n):
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osteo/tom/e
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The surgical term for the repair of cartilage is called:
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chondr/o/plasty
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The term Chiro/pract/or literally means:
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one who practices by hand
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The surgical term that means fusing together of the spine (vertebrae) is:
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spondyl/o/syn/desis
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The surgical term Phalang/ectomy means:
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excision of a finger or toe bone - digit
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The surgical term that means "incision into the skull to drain fluid" is:
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cranio/centesis
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The surgical term that actually means "surgically breaking joint apart" is:
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arthroclasia
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CTS and TTS are abbreviations for ___________ Syn/drome (sign and symptom complex).
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Carpal or Tarsal Tunnel
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The term Dys/chrondro/plas/ia literally refers to:
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faulty cartilage formation
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The term for X-ray film (recording) of a joint is:
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arthro/gram
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The procedural term that means visual examination inside a joint is:
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arthroscop/y
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the medical term "Gangli/ec/tom/y" means:
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procedure of cutting out a knot
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A physician who uses techniques and treatments common to Medical Doctors and Chiropractic Physicians is a(n):
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oste/o/path
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The modern medical term for a specialist who treats and diagnoses foot disease and disorders such as corns, bunions, claw foot, ingrown toenails, and par/onych/itis is a Chiro/pod/ist. A more current name would be:
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pod/iatr/ist
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The healing speciality that emphasizes a system of therapy based on the manipulation of the vertebral column and other bones of the body by hand is:
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chiropractic
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The medical term that means an artificial substitute or addition replacing a missing body part (teeth, feet, hearing aid, eye lens) is:
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Prosth/esis
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The diagnostic term Spondylo/listh/esis literally and actually means:
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vertebrae/slippage/condition
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The diagnostic term Ankylosing Spondylitis means:
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fusing/process vertebrae/inflamed
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The diagnostic term Rheumat/oid Arthr/itis means:
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auto-immune disease often with cartilaginous hyper/troph/y
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The diagnostic term Osteoarthritis means:
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inflammation of a bone joint causing bone hypertrophy
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The diagnostic term Bunion (turnip sac) actually means:
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inflamed bursa of the big toe's metatarsophalangeal joint
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The diagnostic term Rotator Cuff Avulsion actually means:
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tearing of the shoulder joint's soft tissues, ligaments, and deep tendons (rotator cuff muscles)
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Pre/patellar burs/itis means:
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inflamed bursa below the knee
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The diagnostic term Osteosarcoma means:
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bone tumors that causes hard tissue to become soft and fleshy
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The diagnostic term Hip Disarticulation (HD) also means:
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a surgical amputation through the joint capsule of the hip joint
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The diagnostic term Sub/luxation actually means:
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partial joint dislocation - less than complete dislocation
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An Osteopathic Physician is represented by the Medical Abbreviation ____ and a Chiropractic Physician is represented by the Medical Abbreviation _______.
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DO and DC
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The diagnostic term Hammer Toe means:
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the toe or toes of the foot are bent over or down - like a hammer
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The term Examination means:
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the process or procedure of inspection
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A Optometric Physician uses the Medical Abbreviation:
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OD
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The term Anthropo/metr/ic means:
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refers to the measurement of humans
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A bone process or eye membrane disease term that means resembling a wing is __________:
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pteryg/oid
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Muscle terms for belly or abdomen are:
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abdominus or laparal
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A muscle directional term for middle or toward the middle is:
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medi- or meso- "medium, medial, mesomorph"
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A procedure of making a record of muscle activity is called:
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electro/myo/graph/y
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The condition resulting in spasms of the nerves and muscles due to an abnormally low concentration of calcium in the blood is:
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tetany
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The diagnostic term Anterior Polio/myel/itis mans an:
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inflammation of the front gray horn of the spinal cord
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The diagnostic term My/asthenia Gravis actually means:
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heavy because of muscle weakness
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The diagnostic term Syn/dactylia means:
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fingers connected together
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The diagnostic term Muscular Dys/trophy means:
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muscles that have faulty development; and wasting away of the muscles that did develop properly
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The muscle or body term trauma means:
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wound
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The muscle term ad/duct/or literally means:
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one who/draws/toward "medially"
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The diagnostic term Pes Planus means:
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flat foot
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The muscle term supinator means:
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turns upward - one who
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The muscle term sphincter means:
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that which bind together
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The literal meaning of the diagnostic term Cardio/myo/path/y is:
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heart/muscle/disease/condition
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The machine that records muscle activity is called the:
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electromyo/graph