CH 14 Learning Assignment

Compare the anatomy of the sympathetic division with that of the parasympathetic division. (Module 14.2B) -

Preganglionic fibers leave the CNS and then synapse on

Reduction in heart rate and force of contraction is a response in which visceral reflex? -sexual arousal -vasomotor reflex -baroreceptor reflex -cardioacceleratory reflex

In general, sympathetic preganglionic fibers are ________ and postganglionic fibers are ________. -long; short -short; short -short; long -long; long

Define dual innervation. (Module 14.8A) -Dual innervation means that a given body system receives instructions from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS. -Dual innervation means that a given body system has twice the amount of neural stimulation needed to produce an action. -Dual innervation means that a given body system sends both sensory impulses and receives motor commands. -Dual innervation means that a given body system receives instructions from both the central and peripheral nervous systems. -Dual innervation means that sensory neurons and motor neurons are present in the tissue.

Baroreceptors are not found in the lungs. aorta. digestive tract. colon. oral cavity.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the enteric nervous system? -The ENS contains around one million neurons. -It is found in the walls of the heart -All of the neurotransmitters found in the brain are found in the ENS. -Many complex visceral reflexes of the ENS are initiated and coordinated through the CNS.

A visceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS is called a(n) ________ neuron. lower motor postganglionic upper motor somatomotor preganglionic

Which of the following is an effect of parasympathetic activation? -increased activity in the cardiovascular and respiratory centers of the pons and medulla oblongata -release of lipids by adipose tissues -acceleration of glycogen breakdown in liver cells -constriction of pupils

Nicotinic receptors

Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia. A) intramural B) collateral C) chain D) prevertebra lE) suprarenal

Which cranial nerve provides roughly 75 percent of all parasympathetic outflow?

Which of the following is an example of a parasympathetic visceral reflex?

In general, parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are ________ and postganglionic fibers are ________.

Regarding ANS motor control, which CNS structure(s) is/are involved in emotions, memory, and behavior?

Activated nicotinic receptors __________. Activated nicotinic receptors __________. produce longer-lasting effects than other types of cholinergic receptors open chemically-gated channels in the postsynaptic membrane involve G proteins are stimulated by muscarine

Identify two major divisions of the ANS. (Module 14.2A) A) somatic division and sympathetic division B) somatic division and parasympathetic division C) enteric division and the central division D) central division and sympathetic division E) sympathetic division and parasympathetic division

Which statement is true regarding the ANS? -There is a single lower motor neuron in the autonomic centers of the ANS. -Ganglionic neurons in autonomic ganglia control skeletal muscles. -The cell bodies of the upper motor neurons lie within the nuclei of the brain or at the primary motor cortex. -The integrative centers for autonomic activity are located in the hypothalamus.

What neurotransmitter is released by all parasympathetic neurons? (Module 14.5B)

Chemoreceptors __________.

Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the

Muscarinic receptors

Define visceral reflex. (Module 14.9A)

When comparing the SNS and ANS, which of the following are unique to the ANS?

Which division of the ANS is responsible for the physiological changes you experience when startled by a loud noise? (Module 14.2D)

Define baroreceptors. Where are baroreceptors located within the body? (Module 14.10A)

Which of the following is an effect of sympathetic activation?

Most vital organs receive ________ innervation. That is, they receive input from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Regarding the dual autonomic innervation of the heart, __________.

Two terms that both refer to internal organs are

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS:

The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system is known as the "rest and digest" division.

Which neurotransmitter is released at the sympathetic chain ganglia?

Dual innervation refers to an organ receiving

Which brain area is considered to be the headquarters of the ANS?

Compare nicotinic receptors and muscarinic receptors. (Module 14.6B)

Drugs known as beta-blockers may be useful for treating

Which type of receptor is sensitive to changes in blood pH? (Module 14.10B)