Biology Chapter 16 Exam 2

Shared derived traits are found in all members of the ingroup of a clade.

The ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of different organisms are often compared as a means to classify them because rRNA genes evolve much more slowly than other genes.

Two organisms present in the same genus are usually more closely related to each other than to organisms in other genera.

Cladograms show the sequence of evolution of characters in a clade.

Convergent evolution gives rise to analogous structures in unrelated taxa.

Geographic isolation is not a factor in sympatric speciation.

Three species that arose as a result of adaptive radiation are organized on a cladogram. On this cladogram, two of the species would likely share several characters not present in the third.

Allopatric speciation is compatible with both the gradualistic and punctuated equilibrium models of evolution.

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Members of two different species are never capable of mating.

Which of the following statements is true about the previous cladogram and the characters used to derive it?

Which of the following statements is true about the phylogenetic tree shown here?

Which of the following statements is true about the phylogenetic tree shown here?

In the three domain system of classification,

Which of the three domains contain prokaryotic organisms?

Linnaean classification sometimes does not reconcile with cladistics because

The term parsimony implies that

In the figure shown here, ___ and ___ have a common shared derived trait that is not possessed by ____.

In the figure shown here, which of the following organisms would have the same shared derived trait?

In the figure shown here, the letter W represents which of the following?

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Shared derived traits

A clade includes which of the following?

A shared ancestral characteristic used in cladistics is found

Which of the following would be considered analogous structures?

Homologous structures

Similarities due to convergent evolution are called __________.

A phylogenetic tree

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

Pinus strobus is the scientific name for the white pine. Pinus is the ________.

The fossils of a new species of reptile are found in deposits dating to the Permian period. Later, scientists discover that fossils of the species changed somewhat over time, and can be found in deposits dating from the Permian period all the way up to the Cretaceous period. The fossils vary from one continent to another, but many seemingly intermediate forms are found, and the fossils are spread over most continents. The scientists' observations most strongly support which evolutionary models?

The punctuated equilibrium model of evolution suggests that new species appear

Which of the following is not thought to have contributed to the many mass extinction events that have occurred through Earth's history?

Most dinosaurs became extinct at the end of which of the following periods of the Mesozoic?

Which of the following is not part of the punctuated equilibrium model?

Significant mass extinctions occurred during which of the following epochs?

Which of the following correctly reflects the division of the history of life on Earth, from most inclusive to least inclusive?

The speciation of finches in the Galápagos islands is an example of what type(s) of speciation?

A major difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation is whether

Sympatric speciation occurs more commonly in which of the following types of organisms?

Which of the following correctly shows a possible order of events resulting in allopatric speciation?

Which of the following is an example of sympatric speciation?

A zygote fails to undergo mitosis because of a mismatched numbers of chromosomes. This is an example of

Elaborate courtship behaviors in animals, such as the blue-footed booby of the Galápagos islands, is an example of which of the following reproductive barriers?

A reproductive barrier that prevents interbreeding because the two species mate during different times of the year is called a

The pollen from a red maple is unable to fertilize the eggs from a sugar maple. This is an example of what type of isolating mechanism?

Which of the following is not a prezygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Two species are said to be closely related if they

Which of the following would be considered a separate species as defined by the biological species concept?

All of the following are criteria by which a species may be defined except