Ch 14 Mastering Biology

Which of the following statements about reinforcement is true?

A subset of a population of birds leaves its habitat and colonizes a nearby island. After many generations, the island sinks and the population of birds living on the island returns to its original habitat. Which of the following statements mostaccurately describes the two bird populations?

_____ is rapid speciation under conditions in which there is little competition.

Mass extinctions create conditions that promote _____.

The appearance of an evolutionary novelty promotes _____.

Humans are diploid and have 46 chromosomes (or two sets). How many sets of chromosomes are found in each human gamete?

Humans are diploid and have 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in each human gamete?

_____ is the process by which haploid gametes form a diploid zygote.

A particular diploid plant species has 48 chromosomes, or two sets. A mutationoccurs and gametes with 48 chromosomes are produced. If self-fertilizationoccurs, the zygote will have _____ set(s) of chromosomes.

Which of these terms applies to an organism with extra sets of chromosomes?

Mutant tetraploid plants _____.

Most polyploid plants arise as a result of _____.

In _______, a population isolated by a geographic barrier becomes a new species as it accumulates changes by natural selection or genetic drift.

In ________, a new species may arise as mating and gene flow are reduced between populations that share the same area.

Many plant species have formed by ______, in which accidents in cell division result in extra sets of chromosomes.

Both allopatric speciation and sympatric speciation depend on the establishment of _____, which prevent(s) gene flow between a new species and its parent species.

_____ occur(s) when a species gives rise to many new species after colonizing a region with diverse habitats.

A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interact with one another is a

The process that gives rise to new species is called

A ____ is anything that prevents successful interbreeding between species.

The _______concept defines a _____ as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed with one another and produce fertile offspring.

What is the Anthropocene? __________.

Which of the following lists geologic eras in the correct order, from longest ago to most recent?

Which of these is an example of temporal isolation?

Which one of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier?

Sympatric speciation is __________.

Biological species consist of groups of ________.

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ________.

A reproductive barrier that prevents individuals from closely related species from interbreeding is an example of ________.

What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies mate only with males who emit light in a particular pattern?

The type of reproductive barrier that occurs when reproductive structures of different species are physically incompatible is referred to as ________.

When two frog species, Rana pipiens and Rana sylvatica, mate, the offspring die early in embryonic development. This is an example of ________.

Which scenario describes allopatric speciation?

Sympatric speciation specifically EXCLUDES ________.

The origin of new groups of species would be included in which of the following processes?

Which of the following is a true statement?

Plate tectonics has been responsible for instances of all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Characid fishes are found naturally only in South America and Africa. Fossils of these fish are not found on any other continents. What is the most likely explanation of this distribution pattern?

A period of mass extinction is often followed by ________.

The origin of feathers predates the origin of flight; thus, feathers used for flight are an example of __________.

Prokaryotic cells are found in the domain(s) _____.

A human is classified in domain _____ and kingdom _____.

Which Domain(s) includes unicellular orgainsms?

Fungi are classified into which Domain?

Can you rank the levels of the taxonomic hierarchy from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Which of the following is not a kingdom included in the domain Eukarya?

The naming and classifying of organisms is called _____.

Different species that occupy similar niches in isolated areas develop morphological similarities. This phenomenon is called __________

The term used to group an ancestral species and all its descendants (a distinct branch in the tree of life) is __________.

In the late 1900s, molecular studies and cladistics led to the development of a __________ classification system.

________ is the discipline of biology that focuses on classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationships.

The tailbone of a human ________ to the tail of a monkey.

The wing of a penguin is ________ the wing of a butterfly.

Homology is evidence of ________.

Analogous structures are evidence of ________.

Molecular systematics might examine all of the following types of data EXCEPT ________.

An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a(n) ________.