BIOL Chapter 12 Post Quiz

Which of the following statements about adaptations is FALSE? a. Adaptations provide a close match between the organism and its environment. b. Many adaptations appear complex, even though they are caused by simple mechanisms. c. All adaptations help the organism d. Examples of adaptations are difficult to find in the natural world.

Which of the following is NOT considered a prezygotic reproductive barrier that could cause speciation between two populations in the lack of geographic isolation? a. Two species breed at different times of the day. b. Two species are physically incapable of mating. c. Hybrids produced by two species survive poorly. d. The mating behaviors of two species are different.

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Reproductive isolation is to speciation as natural selection is to a. adaptive evolution b. hybridization c. ecological isolation d. polyploidy

A definition of the term "species" that is based on morphology is most useful a. when classifying fossil species b. in organisms that use sexual reproduction c. for organisms that produce hybrids d. for organisms that live in the same area

A parasitic mite that lives on the feathers of certain birds has specially adapted parts that allow it to remain attached. In response, the structure of the birds' feathers changes to cause the mites to be shed regularly. This is considered a. sympatric speciation. b. allopatric speciation. c. convergent evolution. d. coevolution.

When different species mate and produce fertile offspring, those offspring a. are automatically considered new species b. are said to be the product of hybridization. c.usually are more successful than their parents. d.show the characteristics of only one parent.

Which of the following statements is true? a. Speciation cannot occur without geographic isolation. b.Sympatric speciation can occur in the absence of geographic isolation. c. Sympatric speciation always follows allopatric speciation. d. Sympatric speciation requires geographic isolation of populations.

Which of the following is responsible for the nearly perfect match in color pattern between a species of praying mantis (an insect) and the leaves on which it rests? a. genetic drift b. adaptive evolution c. allopatric speciation d. sympatric speciation

Populations of weaver ants work together to "sew" leaves into a living nest that acts as a protective shelter for the entire population. The nest-building behavior of weaver ants a. illustrates that the ants can consciously plan their nests b. represents a complex behavioral adaptation. c. shows that these ants can get along without interacting with other species. d. illustrates that adaptive evolution is goal oriented.

Which of the following definitions is not correctly paired? a.sympatric speciation - speciation between populations that lack geographic isolation b.coevolution - development of similar adaptive traits in organisms in geographic isolation c. prezygotic barrier - reproductive barrier that isolates two species in the same geographic area prior to fertilization d. adaptation - a process that improves the reproductive fitness of organisms over time

Which of the following is NOT a barrier that can lead to reproductive isolation between species living in the same geographic region? a. behavioral isolation b. zygote death c. hybrid performance d. hybridization

Reproductive isolation can occur in a number of ways, but the net effect is always the same in that a. hybridization must take place before new species can form. b. it causes geographic isolation between organisms. c. the rate of speciation slows down. d. few or no genes flow between populations.

Geographic isolation is said to occur whenever populations are separated by a distance great enough to limit a. hybridization b. gene flow c. polyploidy d. domestication

Which of the following statements accurately describes adaptive evolution? a. Adaptive evolution leads to a perfect fit between a population and the environment. b. Adaptive evolution better allows a population to survive in its environment. c. Adaptive evolution occurs when an organism recognizes the need for a new trait. d. Adaptive evolution only occurs when a population moves into a new geographic location.

Which of the following would NOT be used to determine whether two populations are one species using the biological species concept? a. determining whether the populations can interbreed b. determining whether the populations can produce fertile offspring c. determining whether the populations are reproductively isolated from other populations d. determining the degree of difference in physical characteristics

Two populations of mice are geographically isolated from each other when a river forms. The two populations develop morphological differences. After 100 years, the river changes course and the two populations move into the same area. Which of the following would indicate the two populations most likely represent two separate species? a. A DNA analysis indicates significant genetic differences between the two populations. b. The two populations interbreed and produce fertile offspring. c. The populations maintain morphological differences even though they are in the same area. d. One hundred years is not enough time for speciation to occur, so they must be a single species.

Which of the following must take place for speciation to occur? a. hybridization b. geographic isolation c. polyploidy d. reproductive isolation

Which of the following reproductive barriers that isolate sympatric species would prevent mating from occurring? a. behavioral isolation b. gametic isolation c. death of zygotes d. poor survival of hybrids

Which of the following cannot occur when a population is in reproductive isolation from others of its kind? a. gene flow b. mutation c. natural selection d. nonrandom mating