Describe the functional organization of the autonomic nervous system.
answer
The ANS is divided into the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions. These two opposing control systems work in concert to create a balance and achieve homeostasis.
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What is the function of the sympathetic division of the ANS?
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Energy use; fight or flight response.
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What is the function of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
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Energy conservation; rest and digest.
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List the specific functions of the sympathetic ANS (4).
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-Increase transport of oxygen and glucose to the skeletal muscles
-Thermoregulation (need to cool down)
-Widen pupils (better vision)
-Shut down unnecessary organ function
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List the specific functions of the parasympathetic ANS (3).
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-Increase digestion and secretion
-Shut down (oppose/balance) fight or flight response
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List the processes of metabolism (liver function) that are controlled by the ANS (2).
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-Gluconeogenesis
-Glycogenolysis
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List the processes of cardiac function that are controlled by the ANS (2).
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-Force
-Rate
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List the processes of kidney function that are controlled by the ANS (1).
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-Renin release
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List the types of smooth muscle function controlled by the ANS (6).
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-Eye
-Vasculature
-Uterus
-Bronchioles
-GI
-GU
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List the types of secretion controlled by the ANS (4).
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-Lacrimation
-Salivation
-Sweating
-GI secretions
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What mechanisms does the sympathetic ANS use to increase oxygen and glucose transport to the brain (5)?
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-Relax bronchi
-Shunt blood from organs to muscle
-Increase glucose production in the liver
-Increase heart rate and contractile force
-Increase water volume through hormones
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What mechanisms does the sympathetic ANS use to shunt blood from organs to the muscle (2)?
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-Vasoconstrict organ blood flow
-Vasodilate skeletal muscle blood flow
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What mechanisms does the sympathetic ANS use to shut down unnecessary organ function (4)?
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-Relax bladder walls
-Constrict bladder sphincters
-Relax gut walls
-Constrict gut sphincters
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How does the parasympathetic ANS increase digestion and excretion (2)?
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-Increase urinary output
-Increase digestion
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What mechanisms does the parasympathetic ANS use to increase urinary output (2)?
