Apush Unit 10 The Cold War And Containment

A U.S. foreign policy adopted by President Harry Truman in the late 1940s, in which the United States tried to stop the spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weak countries to resist Soviet advances

1945 Meeting with US president FDR, British Prime Minister(PM) Winston Churchill, and and Soviet Leader Stalin during WWII to plan for post-war .... United nations began as a new organization

(HT) , 1947, President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology, mainly helped Greece and Turkey

George Marshal the US secretary of state saw Europe as very important to the USA, he saw the best way to keep them out of communism is to help restore their countries in 1947, June, and he proposed a plan to provide massive economic aid to Europe. GAVE ALL OF EUROPE AID FROM COMMUNIST COUNTRIES

airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin. Both US and Britain trying to aid those in berlin since they were blocked from routes to the city.

NATO(Europe) was thought of as a threat from the Soviet Union , so Soviet Union created a similar military alliance which was the Warsaw Pact basically < NATO-North Atlantic Treaty Organization-Alliance formed by democratic Western nations as and attempt to contain communism. Warsaw Pact-Soviets feel threatened and form a communist alliance- berlin wall

1950 National Security Council document, authored largely by Paul Nitze, which claimed that the ultimate ambition of the Soviet state was the "ultimate elimination" of the United States, and called for a major escalation of American defense forces, both nuclear and conventional. AND National Securtiy Council memo #68 US "strive for victory" in cold war, pressed for offensive and a gross increase ($37 bil) in defense spending, determined US foreign policy for the next 20-30 yrs

Chinese Civil War Chaing was a nationalist leader of china who first worked with, then fought Mao. The communists won after struggling from the 1910s - 1940s

Started by the invasion of South Korea by North Korea, Truman took action immediately by applying his containment policy; the UN police action was advocated by the Security council, and it allowed a UN force to defend South Korea against the invaders.

Used to describe Truman's presidency where foreign and domestic policies were after entangled. Fierce anti-communism for foreign and welfare for domestic.

(HT) 1947, , The Act was passed over the veto of Harry S. Truman on the 23rd June, 1947. When it was passed by Congress, Truman denounced it as a "slave-labor bill". The act declared the closed shop illegal and permitted the union shop only after a vote of a majority of the employees. It also forbade jurisdictional strikes and secondary boycotts. Other aspects of the legislation included the right of employers to be exempted from bargaining with unions unless they wished to. The act forbade unions from contributing to political campaigns and required union leaders to affirm they were not supporters of the Communist Party. This aspect of the act was upheld by the Supreme Court on 8th May, 1950.

Republicans obviously renominated Reagan. The democratic candidate was Walter Mondale, who made history by naming Congresswoman Geraldine Ferraro of NY as his vice-presidential running mate. However, Mondale's candidacy was tainted by his service as vice president to Carter. Mondale lost terribly, only winning his home state of Minnesota and the District of Columbia.

An economic extension of the New Deal proposed by Harry Truman that called for higher minimum wage, housing and full employment. It led only to the Housing Act of 1949 and the Social Security Act of 1950 due to opposition in congress. PROJECT TO CREATE JOBS AND HOUSING YAYY

Theorder established the first general loyaltyprogram in the United States, designed to root out communistinfluence in the U.S. federal government. The program investigated over 3 million government employees, just over 300 of whom were dismissed as security risks.

..., The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) was an investigating committee which investigated what it considered un-American propaganda,

was a Republican U.S. Senator became the most visible public face of a period in which Cold War tensions fueled fears of widespread Communist subversion.[1] He was noted for making claims that there were large numbers of Communists and Soviet spies and sympathizers inside the United States federal government and elsewhere.... SCARED THE CRAP OUT OF EVERYONE

The term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America during the early 1950s through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee.

A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.

Policy of the US that it would defend the Middle East against attack by any Communist country

(JFK) , In April 1961, a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency landed on the southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. When the invasion ended in disaster, President Kennedy took full responsibility for the failure.

(JFK) , , an international crisis in October 1962, the closest approach to nuclear war at any time between the U.S. and the USSR. When the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba, President John F. Kennedy demanded their removal and announced a naval blockade of the island; the Soviet leader Khrushchev acceded to the U.S. demands a week later, on condition that US doesn't invade Cuba

Richard Nixon gets into debate w/ Nikita Khrushchev over the superiority of US appliances and improvements; asserted superiority of capitalism over communism... *this confuses me *

The Breton Woods system of monetary management established the rules for commercial and financial relations among the world's major industrial states in 1944. It set up a system of rules, institutions, and procedures to regulate the international monetary system, establishing the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), which today is part of the World Bank Group. The chief features of the Breton Woods system were an obligation for each country to adopt a monetary policy that maintained the exchange rate by tying its currency to the U.S. dollar and the ability of the IMF to bridge temporary imbalances of payments.

Eisenhower first coined this phrase when he warned American against it in his last State of the Union Address. He feared that the combined lobbying efforts of the armed services and industries that contracted with the military would lead to excessive Congressional spending.

law passed in 1944 to help returning veterans buy homes and pay for higher educations

Negotiations between representatives of labor unions and management to determine pay and acceptable working conditions.

A United States youth subculture of the 1950s that rebelled against the mundane horrors of middle class life. A group of people who called themselves the "Beat Generation" and promoted spontaneous action and a lack of dependency on money and property, focusing more on religion and spiritual action. These people also challenged the traditional American values with use of illicit drugs and sexual behaviors. These people began to gain a wide youth following, and are considered some of the first to change the American moral trend to this extent.

A cohort of individuals born in the United States between 1946 and 1964, which was just after World War II in a time of relative peace and prosperity. These conditions allowed for better education and job opportunities, encouraging high rates of both marriage and fertility. 30MILLION LIL BABIES WERE BORN

Used Henry Ford's idea of a working line to create many houses fast. Created the first suburbs called Leavittown in Long Island New York.

the largest public works project in American history when it was passed, authorized $25 billion to build 41,000 miles of roads, greatly assisting the burgeoning car culture of the 1950s

A commission appointed to study the causes of urban violence, it named the main cause to be White Racism, A group that was appointed by President Johnson to study the causes of urban violence and that recommended the elimination of de facto segregation in American society.