Which factor aroused Soviet suspicions of the Western Allies during World War II?
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The Western Allies' long delay in opening a second front in Western Europe.
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By 1947, the intense rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States was called
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the Cold War.
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What impact did World War II have on the Soviet Union?
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WWII killed more than 20 million Soviet citizens and weakened the country's economy.
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What was Joseph Stalin's primary goal after World War II?
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to ensure friendly governments on its borders in Eastern Europe
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What allowed the United States to emerge from World War II as the most powerful nation in the world?
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It had both a monopoly on atomic weapons and expanded production capacity.
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The first instance of Soviet expansionism after World War II was in
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Poland and Bulgaria.
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Joseph Stalin believed that the U.S. foreign policy after World War II was hypocritical because the United States
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was demanding democratic elections in Eastern Europe but supporting friendly dictatorships in Latin America.
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Why did the Allies divide Germany in 1946?
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They could not agree on the country's future.
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What did Winston Churchill, then Britain's former prime minister, suggest about the Soviet Union in his iron curtain speech of 1946?
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Its suppression of the popular will in Eastern and Central Europe had isolated those regions from the free world.
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Who was the author of the 1946 rationale for a hard-line U.S. foreign policy of containment?
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Career diplomat George F. Kenhan
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The U.S. government's policy of containment was first implemented when President Truman asked Congress to send military and economic aid to
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Greece and Turkey
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Why did Helen Gahagan Douglas oppose Truman's plan for dealing with the crisis in Greece?
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She wanted the United States to work through the United Nations.
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European nations used most of the U.S. funds provided by the Marshall Plan of 1948 to
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stimulate their economies and buy American products.
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In February 1948, while Congress debated the Marshall Plan, the Soviet Union was
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staging a coup, installing a communist regime in Czechoslovakia
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How did President Truman respond to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin in 1948 and 1949?
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He ordered the airlifting of more than two million tons of goods to West Berliners.
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Why did President Truman approve the development of the hydrogen bomb in 1949?
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The U.S. had confirmed that the Soviets had detonated an atomic bomb.
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What was the purpose of the National Security Act of 1947?
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to place oversight of all branches of the military under the Secretary of Defense
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The National Security Council was established to
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advise the president on defense spending.
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What was the peacetime military alliance created by the United States, Canada, and Western European countries to deter attacks from the Soviet Union?
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
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Why was the Central Intelligence Agency established?
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to gather information relevant to the national defense and to perform any functions and duties related to intelligence affecting the national security.
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In the post-World War II era, the term third world was used to refer to Latin America and
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those outside the Western and Eastern blocs that had yet to develop industrial economies
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What occurred with the flight of the Chinese Nationalists from China in 1949?
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The People's Republic of China was established.
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How did the U.S. government respond to the fall of China's Nationalist government?
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It refused to grant official recognition to the Communist government and aided the exiled Nationalists.
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How did the United States' Asian policy change after the collapse of China's Nationalist government in 1949?
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The focus of the u.S. foreign policy shifted to Japan.
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The United States ended its official occupation of Japan after World War II
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in 1949, as soon as it was clear China would not become an American economic center in Asia *
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What was President Truman's initial response to the Israeli declaration of statehood in 1948?
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Truman quickly recognized Israel and pledged to make its defense a cornerstone of U.S. policies in the Middle East.
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According to President Truman, what was the government's role in the postwar economy?
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The government should continue to regulate the economy.
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The purpose of the Employment Act of 1946 was to
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formalize the U.S. government's responsibility for keeping the economy healthy
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Which of the following describes the labor strikes in the United States in 1946?
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Labor strikes increased public exasperation with and hostility toward unions.
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How did women fare in the post-World War II economy?
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Women's earnings saw significant decline.
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Which of the following was among the factors responsible for the post-World War II economic boom in the United States?
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War-torn countries' spending on American products
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The G.I. Bill helped to boost the U.S. economy after World War II
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with the provisions of job training, education, and low interest home loans.
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How did the experience of World War II influence African American veterans returning from overseas?
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Serving in World War II increased their resolve to fight racial injustice in the United States.
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Which African American received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950?
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Ralph Johnson Bunche
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How did President Truman's efforts to advance the cause of blacks' civil rights compare with those of previous presidents?
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They were bold and forward looking.
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The executive order President Truman issued in 1948 during his reelection campaign was designed to
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desegregate every aspect of the American Armed Services.
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The founding of the American G.I. Forum in 1948 and subsequent efforts by Mexican Americans to challenge their segregation in public schools demonstrated
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the growing mobilization of Mexican Americans in the Southwest.
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What was the outcome of the congressional elections of 1946?
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Republicans captured Congress for the first time in 14 years.
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Passed despite Truman's veto in 1947, the Taft-Hartley Act
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was a huge blow to American labor.
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What accounted for Harry Truman's victory in the presidential election of 1948?
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Broad support for his foreign policy and the popularity of New Deal reform led to Truman's victory.
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Congress rejected a number of President Truman's Fair Deal Proposals, including
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civil rights measures and federal aid to education.
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Which of these men was the most infamous crusader against communism after World War II?
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Joseph R. McCarthy
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During the anti-Communist scare of the late 1940s and early 1950s,
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federal employees were investigated for Communist subversion.
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What triggered U.S. military action in Korea in 1950?
answer
The invasion of South Korea by troops from Communist North Korea
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President Truman justified intervention in Korea by comparing events there to the crisis in which European nation?
answer
Greece
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Which of the following describes President Truman's decision to deploy 1.8 million troops in the Korean War without formal declaration of war from Congress?
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Truman's action violated the spirit, if not the letter of the Constitution.
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Which of the following describes Truman's authorization for General MacArthur to lead his troops across the thirty-eighth parallel in Korea?
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It was the only time during the Cold War that the United States tried to roll back Communism by force.
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What did Dwight D. Eisenhower emphasize in his campaign for the presidency in 1952?
answer
the threat of communism and the need to win decisively in Korea
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Who did Eisenhower select as his running mate in the presidential election of 1952?
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Richard Nixon
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What was one consequence of the Korean War?
answer
A massive increase in U.S. defense spending
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