11A

11 September 2022
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question
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic functions of the nervous system?
answer
Release hormones into the bloodstream to communicate with other cells in the body.
question
The term central nervous system refers to the ________.
answer
brain and spinal cord
question
Collections of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system are called ________.
answer
ganglia
question
Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system.
answer
true
question
As you start working out, you notice that your heart rate and breathing rate start to increase. Which division of your nervous system is generating this response? Be as specific as possible.
answer
the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
question
What division of the nervous system is most specifically responsible for voluntary motor control?
answer
somatic nervous system
question
Nerve impulses leading to the skeletal muscle carry information to direct movement. The nerve fibers sending these signals will most likely belong to which division of the nervous system?
answer
somatic nervous system
question
Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system?
answer
innervation of skeletal muscle
question
Which of the choices below describes the ANS?
answer
motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
question
Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups.
answer
true
question
Which glial cells have the most diversity of function?
answer
astrocytes
question
The concentration of ions in the chemical environment surrounding the neurons must be tightly regulated for neurons to function properly. Which of the following cells is most responsible for this?
answer
astrocytes
question
The concentration neurotransmitters in the fluid of the synaptic cleft must be tightly regulated for neurons to function properly. Which of the following cells is most responsible for aiding in this regulation?
answer
astrocytes
question
Bacteria in the blood can be prevented entry to the fluids surrounding the brain. Which cells are most responsible for preventing bacteria from entering the fluids of the brain?
answer
astrocytes
question
Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes?
answer
provide the defense for the CNS
question
Which of the following types of glial cells monitors the health of neurons, and can transform into a special type of macrophage to protect endangered neurons?
answer
microglia
question
Meningitis can be caused by infection of the central nervous system by bacteria. Which cells would be most responsible for removing the infection?
answer
microglia
question
These cells in the CNS have cilia that move in order to circulate cerebrospinal fluid ________.
answer
ependymal cells
question
Which of the following peripheral nervous system (PNS) neuroglia form the myelin sheaths around larger nerve fibers in the PNS?
answer
Schwann cells
question
Ependymal cells line many open cavities in the central nervous system (CNS). Ependymal cells have cilia on the side of the cell that face these openings. What is the most likely function of these ciliated cells?
answer
movement and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
question
Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons?
answer
They are mitotic.
question
Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________.
answer
oligodendrocytes
question
How do neurofibrils differ from nerve fibers?
answer
Neurofibrils are cytoskeletal intermediate filaments maintaining cell shape, but they do not conduct impulses.
question
Which is the main receptive portion of the neuron?
answer
the dendrite
question
Many neurons have many short, branching extensions called dendrites. What is the benefit of these structures for a neuron?
answer
The dendrites provide a large surface area for connections from other neurons.
question
Bundles of neurons in the central nervous system are called tracts.
answer
true
question
Which of the following is true of axons?
answer
A neuron can have only one axon, but the axon may have occasional branches along its length.
question
Cold sores on the skin of the mouth occur when herpes simplex viruses that are dormant in neural ganglia become active and travel to the skin of the mouth. Which of the following is the mechanism by which these viruses travel from the ganglia (located within the head) to the skin of the mouth?
answer
anterograde axonal transport
question
Which criterion is used to functionally classify neurons?
answer
the direction in which the nerve impulse travels relative to the central nervous system