World History 8.03: Semester Test

26 August 2022
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question
Where do most scientists believe modern human beings originated?
answer
Africa
question
Which played the most significant role in the development of agriculture by Neolithic people?
answer
access to water
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Why were the people in early farming communities able to do various kinds of work?
answer
improved farming techniques resulted in food surpluses
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Which does not describe the ancient town of Jericho?
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a city with a large ziggurat
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Which is a characteristic of civilization?
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economic activity
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Why did the world's first civilizations develop in river valleys?
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river valleys were fertile places where agriculture could thrive
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Which early river valley civilization is marked by the letter C on the map?
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Indus Valley
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Which early civilization built towering ziggurats and kept records in cuneiform?
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Mesopotamia
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Which civilization built pyramids and mummified their rulers?
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Egypt
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Which was unique to the ancient civilization that developed in China?
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the use of bones in record-keeping
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Which best explains the importance of the Code of Hammurabi?
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all people could see the laws
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Which is the New Kingdom pharaoh Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) known for?
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establishing a new, monotheistic religion
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Which describes an accomplishment of the Persian Empire?
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building a complex road system to aid in communication and control
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Which was not a method used by early empire builders to gain and maintain power?
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building new temples
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Which early groups migrated into modern-day Turkey and Iran from southern Russia and later formed empires?
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Hittites and Aryans
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Which best describes why the Neolithic Revolution was such an important turning point in history?
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people began to control their physical environment for the first time
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Which Phoenician invention influenced the western world?
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the alphabet
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Which best describes the beliefs of early Hebrews?
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they believed in a single, all-powerful god
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Which group was at the bottom of India's caste system?
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Shudras
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Which best describes the term classical as it applies to historic eras?
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an era of great achievements in art, science, religion, philosophy, and politics
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Which is not an achievement made by the Gupta Empire during India's golden age?
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invention of paper
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Which is the most important relationship in Confucianism?
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between parent and child
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In Confucianism, which is not a feature of the ideal ruler?
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absolute power
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Under which empire or dynasty was paper invented?
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Han
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The Yellow River is closest to which letter on the map?
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C
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Which describes the influence geography played in the development of Greek society?
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separate Greek city-states developed instead of a single state
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Which was the same in all Greek city-states?
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gods and goddesses
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Who was allowed to participate in Athenian democracy?
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men whose fathers had been citizens
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How did Athens and Sparta differ?
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Athens had a direct democracy, while Sparta was ruled by kings
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Which kind of government was most heavily influenced by the Athenian system?
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representative democracy
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Which was the most significant result of the Peloponnesian War?
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Athens lost its empire and influence as a model of democracy
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Which was not a characteristic of the culture of ancient Greece?
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separation of powers and checks and balances
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Which civilization had the most influence on the structure of the U.S. government?
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Rome
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Who crossed the Alps to invade Rome during the Second Punic War?
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Hannibal
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Which change occurred as a result of the Punic Wars?
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Rome controlled North Africa and the western Mediterranean.
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Which led most directly to the Roman Republic's demise and its transition to an empire?
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the growing divide between the rich and the poor
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Which is an example of Rome's adoption and adaptation of Greek culture?
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Romans adopted Greek gods but gave them new names.
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Rome is best known for which achievements?
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building domes and inventing concrete
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Who traveled throughout the Roman Empire spreading the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth?
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Paul
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Who issued the Edict of Milan, which legally recognized Christianity in the Roman Empire?
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Constantine
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How did Diocletian manage the size of the Roman Empire during his reign?
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divided the empire in two
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Which was not a cause of the gradual decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire?
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the spread of Christianity
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Which geographical feature dominates the northern third of the African continent?
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desert
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How were the African empires of Kush and Aksum different from later empires in Africa?
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They adopted Egyptian culture.
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Which was a staple crop in Mesoamerica?
answer
maize
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Which important advancement was made by the Maya?
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the 365-day calendar
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Which best describes Justinian's Code?
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a single, consistent set of laws for the Byzantine Empire
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Why did the Christian church divide into the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church?
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differences in culture and views on authority
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Which was not a major accomplishment of Byzantine culture?
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the building of Moscow
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Which did Vladimir, prince of Kiev, do to help unify his people?
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He converted to Orthodox Christianity.
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Which best describes an Islamic belief?
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Muhammad was the last prophet in a line that included Abraham and Jesus.
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Which letter indicates the extent of Islam's spread 100 years after Muhammad's death?
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C
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Which led to the division between Sunnis and Shias in the Islamic world?
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conflict over who should be the caliph
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Under the Song Dynasty, farmers in China could use money instead of crops to pay their taxes. Which was the result?
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Most farmers prospered.
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Which is not an invention from the Tang and Song dynasties in China?
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silk
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Which was the most important result of Silk Road trade?
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exchange of inventions and ideas
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Which culture had the most influence on the development of society in Japan?
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Chinese
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Which is a description of a shogun in feudal Japan?
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military dictator
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Which was the result of barbarian invasions of the Western Roman Empire?
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a weakening of Roman law and government
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Which played an important role in the spread of both Roman Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity?
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monasticism
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Which occurred following the death of Charlemagne's son?
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The empire was divided among Charlemagne's grandsons.
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Which best describes the influence of the church on medieval society?
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It influenced nearly every aspect of daily life.
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Which did Pope Urban II hope to accomplish when he called for the First Crusade in 1095?
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recapturing the Holy Land
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How did the Crusades have a positive effect on medieval Europe?
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Crusaders returned to Europe with new ideas.
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How did the Magna Carta put limits on the power of England's monarchy?
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It guaranteed people rights that even kings must respect.
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How did the Black Death affect medieval Europe?
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It helped end the social order of the manor system.
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Which best describes Timbuktu?
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a center of Islamic learning in Africa
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Which does not describe all three kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai?
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built large cities in the West African rain forest
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Which best describes the change in the East African slave trade after 1500?
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Portuguese traders began buying more slaves from the people of East Africa.
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Which best explains Great Zimbabwe's rise to power?
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trade with the people of the coast
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Which best explains the legal reforms of the Ottoman emperor Süleyman?
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Reforms allowed religious freedom, with a tax on non-Muslims.
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Which positive change resulted from Ming Dynasty policies in China?
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increased agricultural output
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Which was one result of China's isolation from the rest of the world?
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Development in China fell behind Europe.
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In Japan during the Tokugawa Shogunate, who ranked just below the shogun?
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daimyo
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Which letter identifies the location of the Aztec Empire?
answer
A
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What enabled Inca rulers to maintain a large and diverse empire?
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good infrastructure, an official language, and a ready source of revenue and labor
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What was the Renaissance?
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a period of artistic and literary achievement in Europe between the late fourteenth and early seventeenth centuries
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Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?
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Italy had political stability, wealth, and trade.
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What did Renaissance literature and art have in common?
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a transition from medieval to Renaissance ways of thinking
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Thriving cities of the Italian Renaissance included all of the following except ____________.
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Naples
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Which helped spread the Renaissance to northern Europe?
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increased trade
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Why is the printing press considered one of the world's most significant inventions?
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It spread knowledge and spurred literacy.
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Name the Florentine painter and sculptor whose works include the Pietà, David, and the Sistine Chapel ceiling.
answer
Michelangelo
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Which is true of the Elizabethan Age?
answer
The arts thrived during the reign of Queen Elizabeth.