Three Chinese Philosophies- Chpt 21

Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism.

A line of rulers in China from about 1045 to 256 B.C.E.

Different leaders fought for control in China, the country was in disorder. These troubles led Chinese thinkers to find the best way to have peace and order in society.

A power or law believed to be granted by a god, The Zhou Dynasty justify there conquest claiming they had been given this mandate.

A system of government based on land landowners and tenants (The king owned the land he gave large pieces of the land to the lords in return the lords sent solders to fight against enemies).

Historical time of wars for 250 years that brought disorder to China.

A Chinese philosophy that emphasizes proper behavior.

Kongfuzi lived from about 551 to 479 B.C.E. born in the small state of Lu, in Eastern China.

He experienced the disorder, his own state was invaded many times.

Ruler and subject, husband and wife, father and son, older sibling and younger siblings, and friend and friend.

All people must respect and obey those who are above them in status, they must respect there elders.

Led Han laders to hire civil servants on the basis of there ability.

Founder of Daoism and author of the Dao de Jing.

People gained happiness and peace by living in harmony or agreement, with the way of nature, and quiet meditations.

The Daoist concept of opposing forces of nature. ( Good and bad, pleasure and pain).

Intervene the least.

Founder of Legalism, lived from 280 to 233 B.C.E., prince of the royal family of the state of Han.

Chinese philosophy that emphasizes strict obedience to laws.

By establishing rules and laws that are powerful and enforcing them trickily eigther with rewards or punishments.

He thought rulers mod govern with strict rules and laws a strong military, and not trusting anyone.

People in the Qin dynasty if they were insulted the ruler they were punished. They liked his ideas and put them to action.

A Chinese philosophy that emphasizes living in harmony with nature.

Th country was in disorder, it needed to have peace and order in society.

Shang dynasty

The king did not govern well.

Proper behavior, value family and elders

All people must respect obey those who are above them in status they must set a good example.

Because civil servants had to take exams to work as government officials.

Living simply and in harmony with the way's of nature, and balancing your yin and yang.

The Daoist concept of opposing forces of nature.

Thought, writing, and art.

People were naturally selfish.

Legalism taught that rulers could create order in society only trough strict laws and harsh punishments.

Must have absolute power backed up by military might, and trust no one not even the family.

A person who works for a government.