Chapter 6 - Daoism And Confucianism

22 August 2022
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The notion of wu wei is
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no unnecessary action.
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The Daodejing is written in approximately how many Chinese characters?
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5,000
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The Daodejing is known for its
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deliberate obscurity.
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Dao is the origin of
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the rhythms of nature.
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"Divination" refers to
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telling the future.
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An image used by the Daodejing to express the difficulty of seeing in the Daoistic way is
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darkness.
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A story in the Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu) makes fun of the silliness of human beings. It compares them to
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monkeys.
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After his wife died, Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu)
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sang.
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Laozi (Lao Tzu) is said to have been a
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librarian.
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A hierarchical, hereditary form of Daoism is called
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Heavenly Master Daoism.
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"Black Heads" is the name for
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Daoist priests.
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Literally, Daodejing means
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way-power-classic
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Concerning the origins of Daoism, scholars today point to
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a multiplicity of possible sources that coalesced into a movement.
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The two dots of contrasting color inside the light and dark commas of the yin/yang symbol represent
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the seed of its opposite.
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Daoism likely established monasteries and temples
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through the influence of Buddhism.
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Daoism developed a pantheon of hundreds of deities, the most important being
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the Three Purities.
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The Three Purities consist of
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the Dao, the god who transmits Daoist insight, and Laozi.
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Daoism might have similarities with Hinduism because A. both seem to cover a wide variety of beliefs and practices B.both had dynamic historical founders. C.both believe in karma and reincarnation.
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?
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Confucianism has been especially concerned about relationships
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between human beings.
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Confucius lived during what years?
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551-479 b.c.e.
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Confucius worked almost all his life as
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a teacher.
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The Analects are
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the sayings of Confucius.
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From a Daoist perspective, the proper job a person should have would be determined by
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what the individual is most capable of doing
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The Doctrine of the Mean
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is a short book on moderation and harmony.
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The Mencius
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presents the teachings of a Confucian thinker.
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Confucius's ideal society would live according to the ideals of the
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Five Relationships.
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Confucius hoped to
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restore the social harmony of the past.
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The Yijing (Yi Jing, I Ching)
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is a book, valued by Confucius, that is used for divination.
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In their view of human nature, the Confucianists
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see human beings as needing their characters shaped by education.
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The personal ideal or hero of Confucianism is the
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noble person.
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The social period in which Confucius lived was
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disorderly.
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Mencius (Mengzi, Meng Tzu) was a
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Confucian with a positive view of human nature.
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In regard to Confucianism, the Communists after the Communist Revolution
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rejected it as not being egalitarian.
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The man who dreamed he was a butterfly was
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Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu).
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The most fundamental relationship for Confucius seems to have been that between
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father and son.
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The virtue of filial piety means
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devotion to one's family.
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The ideal of benevolence or "humanheartedness" in Chinese is a written character made up of which pictographs?
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a person and the number two
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The most significant Confucian art form has been
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calligraphy.
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The authoritative pre-Confucian books are the
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Five Classics.
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During the Han dynasty (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.),
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Confucianism became the official philosophy of China, guiding its state policy.
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Which great scholar developed a complete philosophy of reality, now called Neo-Confucianism?
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Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi)
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China has had how many female rulers (emperors)?
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1
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Confucianism was criticized by Chinese who had studied in the West and were influenced by the teachings of
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John Dewey and Bertrand Russell.
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Confucianism remains a strong value system in
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Korea
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Applying the notion of yin and yang, we could say that Daoism shows a special love for
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allowing things to develop naturally.
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The Qing (Ching) dynasty, the last imperial dynasty, collapsed in China in
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1911
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Complex Confucian etiquette shows respect to others, makes social interactions predictable, and
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reflects the social position of its participants.
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The most important image to be found in the Daodejing, the image that best expresses its ideals, is
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water
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At the end of his life, Laozi (Lao Tzu) is said to have
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left China riding on an ox.
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Daoists aim at enjoying a long life but also accept death because
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death is a part of the natural order of things.