Which of the following is a pivotal
molecule associated with the external surfaces of aggregated platelets and is involved in the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of blood clotting?
answer
PF3
question
What is the average normal pH range
of blood?
answer
7.4
question
Which of the choices below is the parent cell for all formed elements of blood?
answer
hemocytoblast
question
Which blood type is called the universal donor?
answer
O
question
Which of the following is a regulatory
function of blood?
answer
maintenance of normal PH in body tissues
question
Which of the following is a protective
function of blood?
answer
prevention of blood loss
question
Which of the following might trigger
erythropoiesis?
answer
hypoxia of EPO - producing cells
question
As red blood cells age ________.
answer
membranes wear out and cells become damaged
question
An individual who is blood type AB
negative can ________.
answer
receive any blood type in moderate amounts except that with the Rh antigen
question
The most abundant plasma protein is ________.
answer
albumin
question
When neither anti-A sera nor anti-B
sera clot on a blood plate with donor blood, the blood is type ________.
answer
O
question
Select the correct statement
regarding blood cell formation.
answer
red marrow is the main side of blood cell formation throughout adult life
question
James has a hemoglobin
measurement of 16 g/100 ml blood. This is ________.
answer
within normal range
question
Which of these is not a normal
plasma protein?
answer
Thromboplastin
question
All of the following can be expected
with polycythemia except ________.
answer
low blood viscosity
question
No visible cytoplasmic granules are
present in ________.
answer
monocytes
question
Which of the following is not a phase
of hemostasis?
answer
fibrinolysis
question
Place the following in correct
developmental sequence:
1. reticulocyte
2. proerythroblast
3. normoblast
4. late erythroblast
answer
proerythroblast, late erythroblast, normoblast, reticulocyte
question
The slowest step in the clotting
process is ________.
answer
formation of pro thrombin activator
question
Thromboembolic disorders ________.
answer
include embolus formation, a clot moving within the circulatory system
question
Which of the following is not a cause
of bleeding disorders?
answer
excess secretion of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
question
Which of the following is
characteristic of all leukocytes?
answer
They are nucleated
question
Which of the following is true about
blood plasma?
answer
Its about 90% water
question
Platelets _______.
answer
stick to the damaged area of blood vessel and help seal the break
question
which sequence is correct for the following events?
answer
formation of thromboplastin, prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin, clot retraction
question
Fred's blood was determined to be
AB positive. What does this mean?
answer
There are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma
question
All of the following conditions impair
coagulation except ________.
answer
vascular spasm
question
When can erythroblastosis fetalis not
possibly happen in the child of an Rh negative mother?
answer
if the father is Rh-
question
Blood is a ________.
answer
suspension.
question
What organ in the body regulates
erythrocyte production?
answer
Kidney
question
Normal heart sounds are caused by
which of the following events?
answer
The closure of the heart valves
question
Which of the events below does not
occur when the semilunar valves are open?
answer
Ventricles are in diastole
question
Hemorrhage with a large loss of
blood causes ________.
answer
a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output; shock
question
The left ventricular wall of the heart is
thicker than the right wall in order to ________.
answer
pump blood with greater pressure
question
Damage to the ________ is referred to as heart block.
answer
AV node
question
The P wave of a normal
electrocardiogram indicates ________.
answer
atrial depolarization
question
Blood within the pulmonary veins
returns to the ________.
answer
left atrium
question
Small muscle masses attached to
the chordae tendineae are the ________.
answer
papillary muscles
question
The term for pain associated with
deficient blood delivery to the heart that may be caused by the transient spasm of coronary arteries is ________.
answer
angina pectoris
question
To auscultate the aortic semilunar
valve, you would place your stethoscope in the ________.
answer
second intercostal space to the left of the sternum
question
The source of blood carried to
capillaries in the myocardium would be the ________.
answer
coronary arteries
question
The fact that the left ventricle of the
heart is thicker than the right ventricle reveals that it ________.
answer
pumps blood against a greater resistance
question
Which of the following factors does
not influence heart rate?
answer
Skin color
question
Which of the following is not an
age-related change affecting the heart?
answer
thinning of the valve flaps
question
If cardiac muscle is deprived of its
normal blood supply, damage would primarily result from ________.
answer
decreased delivery of oxygen
question
If the length of the absolute refractory
period in cardiac muscle cells was the same as it is for skeletal muscle cells ________.
answer
tetanic contractions might occur, which would stop the heart's pumping action
question
Norepinephrine acts on the heart by
________.
answer
causing threshold to be reached more quickly
question
If the vagal nerves to the heart were
cut, the result would be that ________.
answer
the heart rate would increase by about 25 beats per minute
question
Which vessel of the heart receives
blood during right ventricular systole?
answer
pulmonary trunk
question
Which of these vessels receives
blood during ventricular systole?
answer
both the aorta and pulmonary trunk
question
Which of the following is not part of
the conduction system of the heart?
answer
AV valve
question
When viewing a dissected heart, it is
easy to visually discern the right and left ventricles by ________.
answer
noticing the thickness of the ventricle walls
question
Normal Heart Rate_____.
answer
60-100 BPM
question
Select the correct statement about
the heart valves.
answer
The AV valves are supported by chordae tendinae so that they do not blow back up into the atria during ventricular contraction.
question
Select the correct statement about
the function of myocardial cells.
answer
The all-or-none law as applied to cardiac muscle means that the entire heart contracts as a unit or it does not contract at all.
question
Select the correct statement about
the structure of the heart wall.
answer
The myocardium is the layer of the heart that actually contracts.
question
Compared to skeletal muscle,
cardiac muscle ________.
answer
has gap junctions that allow it to act as a functional syncytium
question
During the period of ventricular filling
________.
answer
blood flows passively through the atria and the open AV valves
question
The second heart sound is heard
during which phase of the cardiac cycle?
answer
isovolumetric relaxation
question
The time of day most hazardous for
heart attacks is ________.
answer
morning
question
If we were able to artificially alter the
membrane permeability of pacemaker cells so that sodium influx is more rapid, ________.
answer
threshold is reached more quickly and heart rate would increase
question
Select the correct statement about
cardiac output.
answer
A slow heart rate increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction.
question
During contraction of heart muscle
cells ________.
answer
some calcium enters the cell from the extracellular space and triggers the release of larger amounts of calcium from intracellular stores
question
Isovolumetric contraction ________.
answer
occurs when cardiac muscles are contracting and exerting force, but are not yet shortening; both the SL and AV valves are closed
question
Sickling of red blood cells can be
produced in those with sickle-cell anemia by ________.
answer
Travel at high altitude and vigorous exercise
question
The special type of hemoglobin
present in fetal red blood cells is ________.
answer
Hemoglobin F
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