Sociology Test #4 (part 1)

1) What is another term for power relations wherever they exist?

2) Why is every group considered as being political?

3) The term micropolitics is most aligned with which sociological perspective?

4) The exercise of power over large groups, such as by governments, is called ________.

5) For a government to be stable, what quality must exist?

6) Which sociologist is credited with describing violence as "the ultimate foundation of any political order?"

7) What did sociologist Peter Berger suggest as being the ultimate foundation of any political state?

8) What is armed resistance with the intention of overthrowing a government called?

9) Why was the American Revolution classified a revolution?

10) What is another name for rational-legal authority?

11) Which of the following best describes rational-legal authority?

12) What is the literal translation of the word charismatic based on its Greek origin?

13) Why do rational-legal and traditional authorities take careful precautions in opposing charismatic leaders?

14) What did Joan of Arc, Adolph Hitler, and Jesus Christ all have in common?

15) Which United States president does the author cite as an example of a leader who combined charismatic and rational-legal authority?

16) What was Max Weber's term for a composite of characteristics found in many real-life examples?

17) Leaders sometimes have a combination of the ideal types of authority. What two types of authority did the Ayatollah Khomeini most represent?

18) Why was it possible for a peaceful transfer of power to take place in South Africa when President de Klerk (a powerful white South African) was replaced by Nelson Mandela (a black South African)?

19) Max Weber used the term ________ to refer to the transition of authority from a charismatic leader to either a rational-legal authority or traditional authority.

20) During the Middle Ages in Europe, what physical structure dominated the landscape of a city-state?

21) In the United States, we elect candidates whom we believe will best represent our interests in state capitals and in Washington, D.C. This is an example of a(n) ________.

22) Carl lives in a small New England town where he and other residents attend monthly town meetings. At these meetings, they publicly vote on issues concerning the town. These monthly town meetings are an example of ________ democracy.

23) The American statesman who said, "A little rebellion now and then is a good thing...the tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants." was ________.

24) What is the specific gift the U.S. gave to the world that addressed a person's rights based by birth and residence?

25) What is the key factor in a representative democracy?

26) What is the basis of universal citizenship?

27) In Kolondahar, a small group of high ranking military officers make the decisions that determine national policy. This form of government describes ________.

28) What is a system of government in which decision-making is vested in a small group of people?

29) Which of the following power styles is the best example of totalitarianism?

30) In the United States, which political party is most associated with the working class?