Sociology Final

How did Max Weber define power? a. The authority to imprison citizens without cause. b. The legal resources to prosecute and punish. c. Politically elected influence used to control the masses. d. The ability to exercise ones will over others

Juan believes that battles such as the French Revolution are necessary for a country to preserve liberty, to maintain or gain liberty, and will ultimately lead to a more even distribution of wealth among a population. From which sociological perspective does Juan's thoughts come from? a. Feminist b. Conflict theory c. Functionalism d. Symbolic interactionism

Which of the following is the definition of the Traditional type of authority? a. Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs b. Power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws c. Power legitimized on the basis of a leaders exceptional personal qualities d. None of the above

Which of the following is the definition of the Charismatic type of authority? a. Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs b. Power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws c. Power legitimized on the basis of a leaders exceptional personal qualities d. None of the above

Which of the following is the definition of the Rational-Legal type of authority? a. Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs b. Power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws c. Power legitimized on the basis of a leaders exceptional personal qualities d. None of the above

Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Unions rallies undesirable, because they force political change? a. Feminist b. Conflict theory c. Functionalism d. Symbolic interactionism

What is the difference between an oligarchy and a monarchy? a. Members of an oligarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of a monarchy do. b. There is no difference both members achieve status based on ties to noble ancestry. c. Both are elected by a democratic process, but monarchies have the right to override the popular vote. d. Members of a monarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of an oligarchy do.

Which sociologist studied the power elite, and wrote a book entitled "Who Rules America?"? a. G. William Domhoff b. C. Wright Mills c. Karl Marx d. Émile Durkheim

Communist regimes, which attempt to control all aspects of citizen's lives, are examples of which type of government? a. Oligarchy b. Dictatorship c. Constitutional monarchy d. Totalitarian dictatorship

In recent decades, lobbying has become a powerful force in the political world. Lobbyists frequently meet behind closed doors with senators, lawmakers, and congressmen and women to push influential legislation through the congressional process. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in examining the lobbyist movement? a. Feminist b. Exchange theory c. Functionalism d. Symbolic interactionism

Which of the following best describes the term patrimonialism? a. Power that people accept because it comes from a source that is perceived as legitimate. b. A military technique which includes the spread of the conquering countrys religion. c. A ruling class that is dependent upon the blood line from the fathers side of the family. d. A type of authority wherein military and administrative factions enforce the power of the master.

What was the significance of the famous case Reynolds v. Sims? a. It gave African Americans the right to vote. b. It reaffirmed the concept that each persons vote should be counted equally. c. It gave women the right to vote. d. It established the precedent that felons are not allowed to vote.

Queen Noor of Jordan is a leader in which type of government? a. Oligarchy b. Dictatorship c. Constitutional monarchy d. Monarchy

Over the past decades, the turnout of minority voters has a. Steadily increased b. Remained unchanged c. Steadily decreased d. Slowly decreased

From the functionalist perspective, which of the following is not a purpose of government? a. Planning and directing society b. Meeting social needs c. Managing international relations d. Lobbying for domestic corporate interests

Kendra believes the US government to be corrupt, and thinks there should be no governing force to control people's lives. Kendra believes in a. Democracy b. Constitutional monarchy c. Anarchy d. Oligarchies

Please define representative democracy: a. A form of government in which a small percentage of the population is represented by popular election, and the rest of the population is represented by those whose office is dependent upon noble birth. b. A government of a nation that recognizes monarchs but requires these figures to abide by the laws of a greater constitution. c. A form of government in which power is held by a small, elite group. d. A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests.

Hitler was an example of what kind of authority? a. Charismatic b. Rational-legal c. Traditional d. None of the above.

Which of the following contributes lower percentage of voter turnout from those who come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds? a. Voting sites frequently discourage participation from those of lower socioeconomic backgrounds. b. Members of lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to overestimate the voting practices of their peers. c. Lower-paying jobs frequently have less flexible hours, making time to vote difficult. d. Many citizens from lower socioeconomic backgrounds cannot afford to vote.

Which sociologist saw political conflict as the only means of promoting positive change for the underprivileged? a. G. William Domhoff b. C. Wright Mills c. Karl Marx d. Émile Durkheim

Which statement best expresses the difference between power and authority? a. Authority involves intimidation. b. Authority is more subtle than power. c. Authority is based on the perceived legitimacy of the individual in power. d. Authority is inherited, but power is seized by military force.

Which of the following types of authority does not reside primarily in a leader? a. Dictatorial b. Traditional c. Charismatic d. Legal-rational

In the US Senate, it is customary to assign each Senator a seniority ranking based on years of government service and the population of the state he or she represents. A top ranking gives the senator priority for assignments to office space, committee chair positions, and seating on the Senate floor. What type of authority does this best illustrate? a. Dictatorial b. Traditional c. Charismatic d. Legal-rational

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. used his public speaking abilities and magnetism to inspire African Americans to stand up against injustice in an extremely hostile environment. He is an example of a(n) _______________ leader. a. traditional b. charismatic c. legal-rational d. illegitimate

Which current world leader has the least amount of political power? a. President Barack Obama b. Queen Elizabeth II c. British Prime Minister Theresa May d. North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un

Which statement best expresses why there have been so few charismatic female leaders throughout history? a. Women have different leadership styles than men. b. Women are not interested in leading at all. c. Few women have had the opportunity to hold leadership roles over the course of history. d. Male historians have refused to acknowledge the contributions of female leaders in their records.

Many constitutional monarchies started out as a. oligarchies b. absolute monarchies c. dictatorships d. democracies

Which nation is an absolute monarchy? a. Oman b. Great Britain c. Denmark d. None of the above

Which of the following present and former government leaders is generally considered a dictator? a. David Cameron b. Barack Obama c. Justin Trudeau d. Kim Jong-Un

A(n) ____________ is an extremely oppressive government that seeks to control all aspects of its citizen's lives. a. oligarchy b. totalitarian dictatorship c. anarchy d. absolute monarchy

Which is not a characteristic of a democracy? a. People vote to elect officials. b. A king or queen holds the majority of governmental control. c. One goal of this type of government is to protect citizens basic rights. d. A constitution typically outlines the foundational ideas of how this government should operate.

In the past, Southern states discouraged African Americans from voting by requiring them to take a _______________ test. a. blood b. literacy c. lie detector d. citizenship

Which president signed the Voting Rights Act? a. Lyndon Johnson b. John F. Kennedy Jr. c. Barack Obama d. Franklin D. Roosevelt

Which factor does not influence voting practices? a. Race b. Social class c. Ethnicity d. Voting booths

The US Supreme Court case ___________________ led to the revision of voting districts to account for differences in population density. a. Roe v. Wade b. Reynolds v. Sims c. Brown v. Board of Education d. Marbury v. Madison

Which statement best explains the meaning of "one person, one vote"? a. One person should not be allowed to vote twice. b. A voter deserves one chance to vote. c. A voter should vote only once a year. d. All people's votes should count equally.

Which concept corresponds best to functionalism? a. Happiness b. Interdependence c. Revolution d. Symbolism

Which sociologist is not associated with conflict theory? a. C. Wright Mills b. G. William Domhoff c. Karl Marx d. George H. Mead

Karl Marx believed social structures evolve through a. supply and demand b. enlightenment c. conflict d. cooperation

The Arab Springs, Occupy Wall Street protests, and the Tea Party movement have the following in common: a. They sought to destroy central government. b. They are examples of conflict theory in action. c. They can only occur in a representative democracy. d. They used violence as the means of achieving their goals.

Which of the following is not one of functionalism's four main purposes of government? a. Maintaining law and order b. Meeting social needs c. Equally distributing resources d. Planning and directing society

Sociologist G. William Domhoff's "Who Rules America?" asserts that wealth is often necessary to exert the most influence over social and political systems. This is a ________ perspective. a. conflict theory b. symbolic interactionist c. functionalist d. feminist

Which of the following paradigms would consider movements such as Occupy Wall Street undesirable and unnecessarily forcing change? a. Symbolic interactionism b. Functionalism c. Feminism d. Conflict theory