In Karl Marx's analysis, another name for the capitalist class is the ________
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occupational rankings are roughly the same in all high-income nations.
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Based on what you know about occupational prestige, you would assume that ________
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more economic inequality.
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Compared to other high-income nations, the United States has ________
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the state.
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In 1917, the Russian Revolution transformed the feudal aristocracy and placed productive property under the control of ________
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white-collar work.
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Work involving mostly mental activity is called ________
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578,000, although the real number could be several times higher
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A federal government study in 20134 found that about how many people in the United States were homeless for some time during a year?
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Wealth
answer
If you were looking for data supporting the claim that U.S. society is very stratified, you would make the strongest case by pointing to which of the following factors?
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ranking categories of people in a hierarchy.
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Social stratification is a concept that refers to ________
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little improvement for millions of poor, black people.
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The ending of apartheid in South Africa has led to ________
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Agrarian
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According to Simon Kuznets, in which type of society is the extent of social stratification greatest?
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37 percent
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The wealthiest 1 percent of U.S. families (the "super-rich") controls about _____ of the nation's privately held wealth.
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is a matter of inequality and beliefs about why people should be unequal.
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Social stratification ________
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found everywhere.
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Relative poverty is ________
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accent in speech.
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One good indication that caste still operates in the United Kingdom is the importance people attach to ________
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wealth.
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The total amount of financial assets, minus any debts, is referred to as ________
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65 percent
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The richest 5 percent of U.S. families own about what percentage of privately owned property?
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changed very little.
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During the last three decades, the real income of African American families in the United States has ________
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$81,000.
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Today, the wealth of the average U.S. family is about ________
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birth; achievement
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Being in the upper-upper class is usually the result of _____; being in the lower-upper class is more a matter of _____.
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risen for all.
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Contrasting living standards in the United States during Marx's lifetime with living standards in the United States today, we see that U.S. living standards have ________
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40 percent
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Based on what you have learned in this chapter, about what percentage of all U.S. families have little or no wealth?
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Children under the age of eighteen
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In the United States, which age category has the highest poverty rate?
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lower-middle class.
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Working class people might also be described as ________
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society operates in a way that carries class differences from one generation to the next.
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When Marx argued that capitalism "reproduces the class structure," he meant that ________
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increasing.
answer
Based on what you have read, as the United States develops a postindustrial economy, economic inequality is ________
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Horizontal social mobility
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Which concept describes a person who moves from one occupation to another that provides about the same level of rewards?
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lower-upper class.
answer
The family of actor Will Smith and actress Jada Pinkett Smith would best be described as ________
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gives some people more privileges and opportunities than others.
answer
Using the sociological perspective, we see that social stratification ________
question
based entirely on personal merit.
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The concept "meritocracy" refers to social stratification ________
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too few available jobs.
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Sociologist William Julius Wilson suggests the cause of poverty lies in ________
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Elizabeth II, the queen of England.
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A good example of a person in her society's upper-upper class is ________
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Weber thought socialism would reduce economic differences but also create political elite, increasing differences in power.
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Marx claimed social stratification would end with the creation of a socialist economy. What was Weber's view?
question
14.5 percent
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In 2013, about what share of the U.S. population was officially counted as poor?
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Wealth
answer
If you were looking for data supporting the claim that U.S. society is very stratified, you would make the strongest case by pointing to which of the following factors?
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people tend to socialize with others of about the same social position.
answer
A common micro-level pattern involving social interaction is that ________
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economic class, degree of social status, and amount of power.
answer
Max Weber claimed that social position was based on a person's ________
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encouraged welfare dependency.
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People who supported the 1996 welfare reform claim that the earlier system ________
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The highest-paid 20 percent
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During the last twenty years, which category of the U.S. population has experienced the largest gains in average income?
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low status consistency.
answer
A college professor with advanced degrees, moderate salary, and little power to shape national events can be described as having ________
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could exist, but only if people are willing to allow anyone to perform any job.
answer
Davis and Moore point out that an egalitarian society ________
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Latin America
answer
Looking around the world today, income inequality is greatest in which region?
question
$63,815.
answer
In 2013, the median income for U.S. families was ________
question
The working class
answer
According to Karl Marx, which class forms the core of the industrial proletariat?
question
The concept of "intergenerational social mobility" refers to change in social position
answer
when comparing children to their parents
question
According to Karl Marx, social stratification in a capitalist society always involves ________
answer
class conflict
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One-third of all homeless people are ________
answer
entire families
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The concept "feminization of poverty" refers to the fact that, in the United States ________
answer
women make up an increasing percentage of the poor
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Looking around the world today, income inequality is greatest in which region?
answer
Latin America
question
To impress her friends, Laura wears an expensive designer dress to a party. A sociologist might say Laura is engaging in ________
answer
conspicuous consumption.
question
Olga works as a district sales manager for a small corporation. This category of work can be described as ________
answer
white collar
question
Which concept refers to change in social position during a person's lifetime?
answer
intragenerational social mobility
question
The ending of apartheid in South Africa has led to ________
answer
little improvement for millions of poor, black people
question
In Karl Marx's analysis, another name for the capitalist class is the ________
answer
Bourgeoisie
question
In all societies, kinship plays a part in social stratification because ________
answer
parents pass their social position on to their children.
question
A caste system is defined as ________
answer
social stratification based on ascription, or birth
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Based on income statistics in the chapter, it is correct to say that the richest 20 percent of the population earns more than _____ times as much as the poorest 20 percent.
answer
twelve
question
Who coined the concept "survival of the fittest"?
answer
Herbert Spencer
question
In general, societies that have caste systems have economies that are ________
answer
agrarian
question
One reason Marx's predicted socialist revolution never took place in industrial-capitalist societies is that ________
answer
living standards for the majority have gone up.
question
When Marx argued that capitalism "reproduces the class structure," he meant that ________
answer
society operates and carries class differences from one generation to the next
question
Max Weber claimed that social position was based on a person's ________
answer
economic class, degree of social status, and amount of power
question
A category of people defined as "untouchable" because they perform work that is viewed as "unclean" has been part of social stratification in
answer
India
question
Using the sociological perspective, we see that social stratification ________
answer
gives some people more privileges and opportunities than others
question
To impress her friends, Laura wears an expensive designer dress to a party. A sociologist might say Laura is engaging in ________
answer
conspicuous consumption
question
Compared to other high-income nations, the United States has ________
answer
More economic inequality
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