Rome

1 September 2022
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Rome was
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Located on the plain of Latium
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The government of Rome
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Was orginally a monarchy
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Early Roman legends and tale
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Were incorporatted into Livy's historical accounts
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A central aspect of early Roman conquest was that all conquered peoples
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Had an interest in the success of Rome
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Roman imperialism was characterized by
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Strategic fortification, road construction, and Allied military support
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The chief executive offices of the Roman Republic who are responsible for leading the Roman army into battle and administering the government where the
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Consuls
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The defenders of the plebeians were known as the
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Tribunes
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The Roman Senate
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Had 300 members who were chosen for life
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The centuriate assemblies
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Had the responsibilities of electing the chief magistrates and passing legislation
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Members of the aristocratic governing class in Rome were known as the
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Patricians
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The plebeians were
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Less privileged and often poorer than the patricians
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The struggle of the orders in ancient Rome
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Became less confrontational when laws were passed permitting plebeians to hold office
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The peoples who the greatest influence upon the Republic Rome were the
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Greeks
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The first Punic war
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Was wage between Carthage and room over the control of the island Sicily
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The second Punic war
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Won Spain for Rome and produce Roman control over the Western Mediterranean
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The third Punic war
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Resulted in Carthage being destroyed and its territory becoming a Roman province
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The major stages of Roman imperial expansion before 100 B.C.E. included
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Seizure of the Atlantic coastline of north western Africa to outflank Carthage
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The Roman general who began a new system of military recruitment that made soldiers loyal to their general and not the Senate was
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Marius
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Roman slaves made up
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Well over half the population of the Empire
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The Roman general who returned from Spain as a military hero and 71 B.C.E. was
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Pompey
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Roman military commanders
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Became deeply involved in politics after 133 BCE
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Julius Caesar was
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Assassinated by leading senators convinced his death would restore the public
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Crassus was killed in battle, Caesar defeated Pompey and was later assassinated, Octavian defeated Antony, who committed suicide, and Octavian attained sole power and was named a Augustus. As a result of the preceding, the traditional Roman Republic
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Ended
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Octavian established the
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praetorian guard to guard him and his successors
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A development during the period of Julio-Claudian rule was that emperors
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Acted more openly as real rulers than as "first citizens of the state."
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Under the reigns of the five "good emperors",
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The range of responsibilities that were affected by the policies of the emperors increased
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As time went on, the governing classes of the Empire
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Were are made up of more and more provincial inhabitants
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As a prospered, the early Roman empire saw
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The development of a large gap between rich and poor
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Roman literature reached
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Its Highpoint in the age of Augustus
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Rome's greatest lyric poet was
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Catullus
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The greatest epic poet of the late Republic was
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Virgil
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In addition to the construction of massive buildings, the Romans also built
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Aqueducts
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Roman jurist were able to provide a systematic framework for Roman law because
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Of the universality of the law of nations
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During the centuries of Roman history, the republic to empire, the paterfamilias' authority
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Decreased
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The gladiatorial games were deemed vital by the government
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At it diverted the mass of the population from potentially dangerous political or riotus activities
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Traditional Roman religion involved
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Worship of a variety of officially recognized Gods
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Religious groups in the Roman empire included a number of mystery religions
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Which offered immortality as a result of a sacrificial death of a savior God
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Pharisees were among the
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Jewish population of Judea
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The basic message of Jesus of Nazareth was the
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People should love God and each other
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The reason why Jesus was denouncing crucified was that the
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Conservative religious leaders feared her threatened their traditional religion
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The key figure in the spread of Christianity outside the Jewish community was
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Paul of Tarsus
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The good news concerning Jesus was contained in the written
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Gospels
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Roman antagonism toward Christianity was deepened by
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Christian rejection of Roman religious practices
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The success of Christianity is widely believed by historians to have been due to its
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Promise of salvation, it's familiarity, and is universality
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The first Christian emperor of the Roman empire was
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Constantine
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Under______________, christianity was made the official religion of the Roman empire
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Constantine
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The zealots were
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Militant extremist who advocated the violent overthrow of Romes Rule
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Signs of the Roman decline were manifested by
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A series of civil wars and barbarian invasions
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In comparison to Han China, in the Roman empire
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Merchants who were more highly regarded
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A fundamental difference between the Roman empire and China's Han empire was the
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essentials of the Han Empire were repllicated by later dynasties but the Roman Empire dissappered except as an idea
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In comparison to Greece, Italy had feweer rugged mountains and possessed more productive agricultural lands.
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TRUE
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So many Greeks settled in northern Italy that it became known as Magna Graecia.
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FALSE