Quiz 3 example #54760

9 October 2023
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Drug use is considered a substance use disorder when a person
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craves the substance, continues use despite social problems, continues use despite hazards.
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Sleep reactivates recent experiences stored in the ______ and shifts them for permanent storage in the cortex.
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hippocampus
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Research participants picked one of two photos of female faces as more attractive. When researchers cleverly switched the photos, participants readily explained why they preferred the face they had actually rejected. Their behavior illustrated
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choice blindess
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Compared with unconscious information processing, conscious information processing is relatively
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slow and especially effective for solving new problems.
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Compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors despite known adverse consequences is an indication of
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addiction
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REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because
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our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move.
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Repeated use of an opiate
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decreases the brain's production of endorphins.
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The discomfort and distress that follows discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior is called
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withdrawal
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During the course of a full night's sleep, young adults are most likely to spend more time in
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REM sleep than in NREM-1 sleep.
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Research studies of the content of dreams indicate that
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most dreams are marked by at least one negative event or emotion.
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With the approach of night, our body temperature begins to drop. This best illustrates the dynamics of the
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circadian rhythm
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Brain regions that are active as people learn to perform a visual-discrimination task are especially likely to be active again as they experience
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REM sleep
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A condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it is known as
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blindsight
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Which of the following is an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen?
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Ecstasy
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Alcohol consumption is likely to _____ attention to an arousing provocation and ______ attention to normal inhibitons.
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Increase; decrease
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One study simultaneously delivered a recording of men talking in participants one ear and a recording of women talking in participants other ear. When participants were assigned to pay attention to the women, 70 percent failed to hear one of the men repeatedly say "I'm a gorilla." This failure best illustrated
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inattentional deafness
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Consciousness is to unconsciousness as _____ is to ______
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sequential processing; parallel processing
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When working an occasional night shift, people often feel groggiest in the middle of the night but experience new energy around the time they normally would wake up. This best illustrates the impact of
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the circadian rhythm
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Research on sleep and dreaming confirms that
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the brain's auditory cortex responds to sound stimuli even during sleep.
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The best indication that dreaming serves a necessary biological function is provided by the fact that
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most mammals experience REM rebound.
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Which of the following is the best advice for a person concerned about occasional insomnia?
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Relax and drink a glass of milk before bedtime.
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The brain waves associated with REM sleep are most similar to those of
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NREM-1 sleep.
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The popout phenomenon illustrates that some stimuli almost inevitably trigger
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selective attention
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Which of the following is bad advice for a person trying to overcome insomnia?
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Drink a glass of wine 15 minutes before bedtimes
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Dreams often involve sudden emotional reactions and surprises changes in scene. This best serves to support the theory that dreams
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are triggered by random bursts of neural activity.
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Sensory experiences that occur without an external sensory stimulus are called
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hallucinations
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The absence of a hypothalamic neural center that produces orexin has been linked to
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narcolepsy
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Consciousness is defined
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our awareness of ourselves and our enviroment
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The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state are caleed
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alpha waves.
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While a man provided directions to a construction worker, two experimenters rudely interrupted by passing between them carrying a door. The man's failure to notice that the construction worker was replaced by a different person during this interruption illustrates
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change blindness
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Focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus is called
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selective attention
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Fantastic images resembling hallucinations occur with the onset of
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NREM-1 sleep
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When cocaine is snorted, injected, or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria by
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blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters
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Narcolepsy is a disorder in which a person
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experiences uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness.
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REM sleep is
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inhibited by alcohol and inhibited by sleeping pills
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THC, the active ingredient in ______, is classified as a _______
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marijuana; hallucinogen
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Nightmares are to _______ as night terrors are to _____.
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REM sleep; NREM-3 sleep
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Stimulants _____ appetite and _______ self-confidence.
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Decrease; increase
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In response to light, the SCN causes the pineal gland to adjust the production of
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melatonin
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Amphetamines are classified as _______ and barbiturates are classified as _______
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stimulants; depressants