Muslims and Arab Americans: Diverse Minorities

1. ________ is the simplistic view of the people and history of the region of the Middle East to East Asia, with no recognition of change over time or the diversity within its many cultures. a. Orientalism b. Pluralism c. Pentecostalism d. Pan-Indianism

2. Which of the following has orientalism led to? a. People have a constantly changing and modern view of Arab and Muslim societies. b. People focus on smaller, culturally consistent groups or countries in order to understand them. c. People see a sweeping unity in both Arab and Muslim societies. d. People avoid surrendering to the temptation of a single broad generalization

3. The term ________ refers to a self-image and worldview that is a combination of religious faith, cultural background based on nationality, and current residency. a. differential identity b. traditional identity c. blended identity d. mixed identity

4. The single most unifying force among Arabs is ________. a. the Arabic language b. the religion of Islam c. their country of origin d. their panethnicity

5. Which of the following statements is true of Arab Americans? a. Arab Americans are diverse in religious tradition. b. All Arab Americans can read and speak Arabic. c. Most Arab Americans are Muslims. d. Among Arab Americans, the largest single source of ancestry is Saudi Arabia.

6. Sociologists Gary David developed the ________ to understand how ethnicity is viewed and evaluated in terms of an ideal ethnic type. a. model minority b. deficit model of ethnic identity c. matrix model of ethnic identity d. ethnic evaluation model

7. Zaid belongs to the Arab Muslim community and is a third generation immigrant to the United States. He speaks very little Arabic and has a wife belonging to a different ethnic and religious community. Some Arab Muslims in his community say that Zaid is not a true Arab or Muslim. This attitude of the people of his community is an example of ________. a. segmented assimilation b. the deficit model of ethnic identity c. the matrix model of panethnicity d. reverse discrimination

8. According to the deficit model of ethnic identity, ________. a. speaking the native language makes one less ethnic b. marrying outside the community makes one more ethnic c. refraining from visiting the home country makes one less ethnic d. trying to blend in with people of other communities makes one more ethnic

9. Christian and Muslim faiths are similar in that they are both ________. a. henotheistic b. pantheistic c. polytheistic d. monotheistic

10. Which of the following is a similarity between Christianity and Islam? a. Both are polytheistic. b. Both worship the same God. c. Both view Jesus as the Son of God. d. Both question the existence of an afterlife

11. Islam is guided by the teachings of the ________. a. Qur'an b. Vedas c. Torah d. Avesta

12. Which of the following statements is true of Muslims? a. They adopt a polytheistic form of worship. b. They recognize Jesus as the Son of God, though not a prophet. c. They see Muhammad as the first in a long line of prophets. d. They are guided by the teachings of the Qur'an.

13. According to Islam, Allah ________. a. is an angel b. was the ruler after the death of the Prophet Muhammad c. was the last in a long line of prophets d. was the one god Prophet Muhammad turned to

14. A pilgrimage to the holy land of Mecca is referred to as ________ by Muslims. a. hajj b. hadeeth c. jihad d. hijab

15. The large majority of Muslims in the United States are ________. a. Ibadis b. Ahmadiyyas c. Shias d. Sunnis

16. Which Muslim group is predominant in Iraq and Iran and is second-largest in majority in the United States? a. Sunni b. Shia c. Ash'ari d. Athari

17. The Muslim groups, Sunnis and Shias differ from each other on ________. a. the number of times a day a person must perform the Namaz or pray to Allah b. who should be recognized as the Son of God c. who should have been the Caliph after the death of the Prophet Muhammad d. the language in which the holy scriptures are to be read

18. In countries that are predominantly Muslim, ________. a. permanent residency is granted only to disciples of Imams b. the separation of religion and state is considered necessary c. citizens are encouraged to embrace other religions d. governments often reinforce Islamic practices through their laws

19. ________ refers to the struggle against the enemies of Allah. a. Ka'aba b. Hajj c. Hijab d. Jihad

20. Typically, ________ is taken by Muslims to refer to their internal struggle for spiritual purity. a. hijab b. hajj c. jihad d. sunnah

21. Which of the following statements is true of Islam? a. Islam makes provision for excommunication. b. Islam's authority rests with individual imams who serve as spiritual guides of a mosque. c. Islam is a faith without an established hierarchy. d. The Muslim pope lives in Mecca.

22. Which of the following statements is true of American Muslims? a. American Muslims seem to be closer to their fellow citizens than compared to their global counterparts. b. American Muslims believe that no religion apart from Islam can lead to eternal life. c. American Muslims do not follow orthodox Muslim traditions under any circumstances. d. The Muslim population in the United States has shrunk drastically over time.

23. Which of the following is forbidden by Islamic tradition? a. charity b. polygamy c. bigotry d. adultery

24. ________ became the most powerful and brilliant voice of Black self-determination in the 1960s and is remembered for his apparent shift to support the formation of coalitions with progressive Whites. a. Moustafa Bayoumi b. Louis Farrakhan c. W. Fard Muhammad d. Malcolm X

25. Which of the following statements is true of Malcolm X? a. He was only a local folk hero and could never command an international audience. b. He was never a member of the Nation of Islam. c. He later supported the formation of coalitions with progressive Whites. d. He made public anti-Semitic statements about Jews and Israel.

26. The secular Organization of Afro-American Unity created by Malcolm X was meant to ________. a. internationalize the civil rights movement b. support the civil rights movement c. criticize the industrial dependence of Muslim immigrants d. internationalize the national origin system

27. Which of the following was condemned by Minister Louis Farrakhan? a. bootstrap capitalism b. abortion c. strict punishment d. self-help

28. Traditionally, which of the following statements is true of the African American Muslim community? a. They do not follow orthodox Muslim traditions. b. They all adhere to the Nation of Islam. c. There has been little contact and some friction between them and immigrant Muslims. d. They all embrace the Black superiority view.

29. In the nineteenth century, Americans were introduced to the Arab world through the ________. a. media b. schools c. world's fairs d. abolitionary movement

30. ________ refers to a range of negative feelings toward Muslims and their religion. a. Acrophobia b. Xenophobia c. Islamophobia d. Theophobia

31. ________ is characterized by vandalism of mosques and organized resistance to Arabic school openings. a. Islamophobia b. Zeusophobia c. Xenophobia d. Acrophobia

32. The immediate aftermath of 9/11 led to a decline of Arabs and Muslims immigrating to the United States because ________. a. of a ban by the federal government which outlawed immigration for ten years b. Islamic centers in the United States had become more rigid c. of apprehension over the reception they would receive there d. the home countries declared a jihad on those who left their countries

33. Arab Americans have tended to ________. Page 7 of 9 a. migrate to rural areas b. operate stores in low-income areas c. buy into prosperous businesses d. buy into high-end retail stores

34. The hijab is a ________. a. religious pilgrimage b. holy war d. holy scripture

35. The garments that allow women to follow the guidelines of modest dress are called ________. a. hijab b. hajj c. jihad d. hadeeth

36. Traditionally, Islam permitted men to have multiple wives ________. a. regardless of their economic resources b. only if they could do justice economically and emotionally to their wives c. only if the first wife could not bear children d. and they could have a maximum of seven wives

37. Which of the following statements is true of the hijab worn by the Muslim community? a. It is unanimously supported by all Muslim women in the United States. b. It is a head covering or a face veil worn by the women. c. It is meant to add glamour to a woman's dress. d. It is a turban worn the men.

38. Which of the following statements is true of Muslim women? a. They are required to present themselves modestly in public. b. They are permitted to have a maximum of four husbands. c. They are permitted to marry outside their community. d. They are required to remarry in the event of a divorce or death of spouse.

39. In a religious context, elementary and secondary schools that are attached to mosques are referred to as ________. a. informal schools b. a home schooling system c. a parochial school education d. an unschooling system of education

40. Consumer advocate Ralph Nader, an Arab American politician, ________. a. strongly supported the two party system b. was one of the founding members of the Nation of Islam c. was in favor of a true alternative to the two-party system d. created the secular Organization of Afro-American Unity

41. Which of the following political trends amongst Muslims and Arab Americans is true? a. A majority of them tend to vote for the Democrats. b. A majority of them tend to favor the Republicans. c. A majority of them perceive the Republicans as being more sensitive to the problems facing Arab and Muslim countries. d. A majority of them become politically active only when they feel that their residency is at stake.

42. Within the traditional two-party political system, Arab and Muslim Americans tend to ________. a. be socially liberal b. be anti-abortion c. favor civil unions d. oppose school vouchers

43. Any arbitrary police-initiated action based on race, ethnicity, or national origin rather than a person's behavior is called ________. a. racial profiling b. reverse discrimination c. ethnic paradox d. orientalism

Roger is of the belief that all members of Iqbal's ethnic community are violent. In this scenario, Roger's actions best illustrates ________. a. ethnic paradox b. blended identity c. reverse discrimination d. racial profiling