Learning example #41963

3 May 2023
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The process by which information is encoded by its meaning is called
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Semantic encoding
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Your ability to immediately recognize the voice over the phone as your mother's illustrates
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acoustic encoding
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Photographic, or picture-image, memory that lasts for only a few tenths of a second is known as
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iconic memory
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Your not paying attention to your mom. Then hear her say no keys. You recite everything she said before she said "no keys"
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Echoic memory
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"The magical number seven, plus or minus two" refers to the storage capacity of _______ memory.
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short- term
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Lashley trained rats to solve/maze. He removed parts/cortex. He found that storage of memories
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was not restricted to specific regions of the cortex
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The increase in synaptic firing potential that contributes to memory formation is known as
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long- term potentiation
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A baseball hits Ashley in the head knocking her unconscious. Her __ would probably be effected.
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short-term memory
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Exceptionally clear memories of emotionally significant events are called
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flashbulb memories
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By shrinking the hippocampus, prolonged stress is most likely to inhibit the process of
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long-term memory formation
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After having a stroke Aaron has difficulty recalling his life experiences. He is suffering from
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amnesia
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A retention of skills and dispositions without conscious recollection is known as _____ memory.
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implicit
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Conscious memory of factual information is called ________ memory.
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explicit
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An eyewitness to an accident is asked to describe what happened. This is using _______ memory.
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recall
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An eyewitness to a robbery is asked to identify the suspect in a lineup. This is using _ memory
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recognition
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Which measure of memory did Ebbinghaus use to assess the impact of rehearsal on retention?
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relearing
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Watching a show on divorce led Kim to recall times her husband mistreated her. This is example
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of priming
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Words heard underwater are better recalled underwater than on land best illustrate the value of
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retrieval cues
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Not being able to remember something untile doing the same exact action illustrates
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state- dependent memory
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Not being able to remember the name of the song even though it is on the tip of your tongue is
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retrieval failure
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The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information is called
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proactive interference
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Tim learns the phrase ROY G. BIV to help him remember the colors of the rainbow. He is using a
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Mnemonic device
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Not being able to remember old info because you just learned new info that is similar is
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retroactive interference
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Gamblers recall losing less money than is actually the case. Their memory failure illustrates
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motivated forgetting
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Motivated forgetting in which anxiety-arousing memories are blocked from consciousness is
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repression
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The altering of memory due to seeing information that might be related to the event illustrates
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the misinformation effect
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_____ refers to the mental activities associated with thinking, remembering, and communicating?
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cognition
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The word "automobile" refers to a category of transport vehicles, we are using this word as an
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concept
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Simple thinking strategies for solving problems quickly and efficiently are
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heuristics
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The sudden comprehension of the double meaning of a humorous pun best illustrates
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insight
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You cant make 6 lines form 4 equilateral triangles cuz you didnt consider 3dimensional shapes
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fixation
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Based on Ebbinghaus "forgetting curve" how will your memories for psychological concepts change
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I will forget most soon after but information I recall will last
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Thinking that a person who reads poetry is more likely to be a professor than a truck driver
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The representative heuristic
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The Hopi cant think about the past because their language has no past tense verbs supports
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Benjamin Whorf's linguistic determinism
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Noam Chomsky has emphasized that the acquisition of language by children is facilitated by
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an inborn readiness to learn
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What is a mental image or best example of a category?
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prototype
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What is the way an issue is presented
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framing
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In which stage is a child in if he/she talks like a telegram? Ex) "go car"
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telegraphic speech
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We know to put adjectives before nouns because of...
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syntax
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What is the smallest distinctive sound unit?
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Phoneme
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What is a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others?
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grammer
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If John believes that he will ace his test no matter what, what is he displaying?
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overcofidnece
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What is the smallest unit in a language that carries meaning?
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Morpheme
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What is a tendency to approach a problem in one way, mostly because it worked in the past?
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mental set
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What is the tendency to search for info and ignore evidence that goes against your thoughts?
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confirmation Bias
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Which of these is a step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution?
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Algorithm
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Which of these operates when we base our judgments on how mentally accessible info is?
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Availability Heuristic
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What is an effortless, automatic feeling or thought, as contrasted with conscious reasoning?
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Intuition
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John is producing many new ideas. What is he showing?
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creativity
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What is our spoken, written or signed words and the way we combine them?
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language
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Which of these is associated with morphemes?
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semantics
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What is the tendency to think of only the familiar use of objects?
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functional fixedness
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Memory is best defined as
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persistence of learning through storage/ retrieval of information
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The process of getting information into memory is called
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encoding
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The process of getting information out of memory is called
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retrieval
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Your consciously activated but limited-capacity memory is called ________ memory.
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short-term
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The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system is called ______ memory.
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long-term
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Parallel processing allows many sensory experiences to be encoded all at once.
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true
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Your success in recalling various items one day after you first heard them listed in order is
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a primacy effect
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Shortly after hearing a list people tend to recall the last items in the list. This illustrates
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a recency effect
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the organization of information into meaningful units
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Chunking