Digestive System

Which of the following is false about secretions from the salivary glands? a. contain enzymes for the digestion of dissaccharides b. help control bacterial populations in the mouth c. help lubricate the oral cavity and its contents d. are mostly water e. contain enzymes for the digestion of polysaccharides

An intestinal hormone that stimulates gastric secretion is a. secretin b. gastrin c. gastric inhibitory peptide d. cholecytoskinin e. enteropeptidase

The kupffer cells of the liver a. destroy RBCs b. destroy bacteria c. present antigens d. are phagocytic e. all of these

Sensory nerve cells, parasympathetic ganglia, and sympathetic postganglionic fibers can be found in the a. mucosa b. submucosal plexus c. adventitia d. serosa e. lamina propia

An enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa of a newborn that coagulates milk protein is a. pepsin b. gastrin c. trypsin d. rennin e. cholecystokinin

Movements unique to the large intestine are _________ movements. a. writhing b. pendular c. segmentation d. mass e.peristaltic

During deglutition, which of the following phases is not present? a. voluntary b. pharyngeal c. laryngeal d. esophageal e. None of these. All are phases in deglutition

The functions of the oral cavity include all the following except: a. lubrication b. mechanical processing of food c. digestion of carbohydrates d. analysis of material before swallowing e. absorption of monosaccharides

The enzyme pepsin digests a. vitamins b. nucleic acids c. carbohydrates d. proteins e. lipids

Nutrients are absorbed by all the following, except a. cotransport b. active transport c. facilitated diffusion d. diffusion e. osmosis

A structure that helps prevent food from entering the pharynx prematurely is the a. palatoglossal arch b. palatopharyngeal arch c. epiglottis d. pharyngeal arch e. uvula

Functions of the stomach include all of the following, except: a. absorption of triglycerides b. initiation of protein digestion c. denaturation of proteins d. storage of ingested food e. mechanical breakdown of food

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the a. ileum b. duodenum c. esophagus d. mouth e. stomach

The pancreas produces _________-digesting enzymes in the form of proenzymes. a. sugar b. carbohydrate c. lipid d. protein e. nucleic acid

Which of these descriptions best matches the term myenteric plexus? a. secretes a watery fluid b. coordinates activity of muscularis externa c. loose connective tissue layer containing blood vessels d. sensory neural network e. component of mucosa

An enzyme that digests proteins into peptides is a. nuclease b. maltase c. amylase d. trypsin e. lipase

_______ are pointed teeth that are adapted for tearing and slashing. a. incisors b. premolars c. cuspids d. bicuspids e. molars

The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of a. pancreatic acini b. pancreatic lobules c. islets of langerhans d. pancreatic crypts e. triads

The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach is a. eneteropeptidase b. cholecystokinin c. secretin d. gastrin e. CCK

The basic functional unit of the liver is the a. hepatocyte b. lobule c. bile canaliculus d. Kupffer cell e. portal area

The part of the stomach that functions as a mixing chamber for food and secretions is the a. body b. pylorus c. fundus d. antrum e. cardia

Products of fat digestion are transported initially by a. capillaries b. the interstitial fluid c. the arterioles d. lymphatic vessels e. veins

At the hepatic flexure, the colon becomes the a. ascending colon b. transverse colon c. sigmoid colon d. rectum e. descending colon

The portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum is the a. haustrum b. jejunum c. appendix d. ileum e. duodenum

Which region of the stomach does the esophagus connect to? a. pylorus b. cardia c. antrum d. body e. fundus

The absorption of some sugars in the small intestine involves a. phagocytosis b. diffusion c. osmosis d. pinocytosis e. cotransport

The enzyme amylase digests a. peptides b. polysaccharides c. disaccharides d. triglycerides e. nucleotides

Gastrin secretion in response to elevated luminal pH is an example of a. neural stimulation b. local stimulation c. muscular stimulation d. hormone stimulation e. none of these

The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the a. common bile duct and the pancreatic duct b. duodenum and the pancreatic duct c. duodenum and the jejunum d. duodenum and the pylorus e. duodenum and the bile duct

_______ are blade-shaped teeth that function in cutting or clipping. a. Molars b. Incisors c. Bicuspids d. Canines e. Cuspids

The pylorus empties into the a. ileum b. duodenum c. jejunum d. colon e. cecum

An intestinal hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile is a. GIP b. gastrin c. cholecytoskinin d. enteropeptidase e. secretin

All of following contain mucous cells in the epithelium, except the a. stomach b. large intestine c. small intestine d. esophagus e. transverse colon

Digestion refers to the a. mechanical breakdown of food and chemical breakdown of food only b. mechanical breakdown of food c. chemical breakdown of food d. progressive dehydration of indigestible residue e. progressive dehydration of indigestible residue, mechanical breakdown of food, and chemical breakdown of food

The layer of loose connective tissue that directly supports the digestive epithelium is the a. lamina propria b. submucosa c. muscularis mucosae d. submucosal plexus e. myenteric plexus

Functions of the large intestine include a. absorption of bile salts b. absorption of vitamins c. resorption of water and compaction of feces d. all of these e. absorption of vitamins and resorption of water and compaction of feces only

Contraction of the _________ alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves epithelial pleats and folds a. submucosa b. mucosa c. adventitia d. muscularis mucosa e. submucosal plexus

Chief cells secrete a. gastrin b. pepsinogen c. intrinsic factor d. hydrochloric acid e. mucus

The gastric phase of gastric secretion is triggered by the a. entry of food into the stomach b. sight, thought, or smell of food c. entry of chyme into the small intestine d. release of cholecystokinin and secretin by the small intestine e. entry of chyme into the large intestine

The activities of the digestive system are regulated by a. hormones b. parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons c. the contents of the digestive tract d. intrinsic nerve plexuses e. all of these

Large blood vessels and lymphatics are found in the a. submucosa b. serosa c. muscularis d. adventitia e. mucosa

The promninent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called a. rugae b. cardia c. papillae d. villi e. plicae

Bile is stored in the a. duodenum b. pancreas c. appendix d. liver e. gallbladder

_______ are teeth with flattened crowns and prominent ridges that are adapted for crushing and grinding. a. dentins b. eye teeth c. cuspids d. molars e. canines

Plicae and intestinal villi a. produce hormones b. secrete digestive enzymes c. produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine d. carry products of digestion that will not pass through the wall of blood capillaries e. increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine

An intestinal hormone that stimulates mucus secretion by the submucosal duodenal glands is a. gastrin b. GIP c. cholecystokinin d. secretin e. enterocrinin

The esophagus has several variations from the standard plan of the gut tube. These include a. epithelium of mucosa is stratified squamous and muscularis externa may be striated muscle only b. epithelium of mucosa is simple columnar c. epithelium of mucosa is simple columnar and muscularis externa may be striated muscle only d. muscularis externa may be striated muscle e. epithelium of mucosa is stratified squamous

Parietal cells secrete a. mucus b. vitamin B12 c. intrinsic factor d. gastrin e. pepsinogen

Gastric pits are a. involved in absorption of liquids from the stomach b. openings into gastric glands c. hollows where proteins are stored d. acid scars in the esophagus e. ridges in the body of the stomach

Peyer patches are characteristic of the a. colon b. ileum c. stomach d. jejunum e. duodenum