Check all that are characteristics of the esophagus.
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The mucosa is composed of thick, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal
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The stomach is lined by a
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Simple columnar epithelium
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Match the secretory cell of the stomach with its secretion.
Match the region of the small intestine with one of its functions.
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Performs most chemical digestion and absorption
Jejunum
Receives bile and pancreatic juice
Duodenum
Controls entry of material into large intestine
Ileum
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Match the structure of the small intestine with its function.
Match the segment of the colon with its description.
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1. Originates at the right colic flexure; is intraperitoneal
Transverse colon
2. Terminates at the rectum; is intraperitoneal
Sigmoid colon
3. Originates at the left colic flexure; is retroperitoneal
Descending colon
4. Originates at the ileocecal valve; is retroperitoneal
Ascending colon
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Check all that line the mucosa of the large intestine.
As bile is produced and secreted, what structures or cells does it encounter? Put them in order, beginning with bile production.
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1. Hepatocyte
2. Bile canaliculus
3. Common hepatic duct
4. Cystic duct
5. Gallbladder
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What is the function of bile?
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Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion
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Trace the path of bile through the biliary apparatus, beginning at the liver, moving to the gallbladder, and ending at the small intestine.
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1. Left and right hepatic ducts
2. common hepatic duct
3. gallbladder
4. common bile duct
5. hepatopancreatic ampulla
6. major duodenal papilla
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Place a single word into each sentence to make it correct, then arrange each sentence into a logical paragraph order. Not all terms will be used.
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In the gastric gland, the CHIEF cells secrete pepsinogen.
Also in the gastric gland, the parietal cells will secrete HCI.
HCL will remove some amino acids from pepsinogen and turn it into PEPSIN.
Pepsin enzymes can then digest dietary PROTEINS in the lumen of the stomach.
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Place a single word into each sentence to make it correct, then arrange each sentence into a logical paragraph order.
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The act of protein digestion begins in the mouth with MECHANICAL digestion.
Once in the stomach, PEPSIN hydrolyzes peptide bonds.
Then, in the small intestine, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and CARBOXYPEPTIDASE will continue the breakdown and begin absorption.
The BRUSH border in the intestines will finish the breakdown and begin absorption.
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Drag each label into the appropriate position in order to identify whether the structure is associated with the large or small intestine.
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Large Intestine:
Taenia coli
Haustrum
Rectal valves
Cecum
Sigmoid colon
Small Intestine:
Microvilli
Intestinal crypts
Lacteals
Circular folds
Jejunum
Ileum
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Drag each label into the appropriate position in order to identify which type of macromolecule is the target of each digestive enzyme or compound.
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Carbohydrate
Salivary amylase
Pancreatic amylase
Protein
Pepsin
HCI
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Lipid
Lingual lipase
Pancreatic lipase
Gastric lipase
Bile salts
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Complete each sentence by dragging the proper label into the appropriate position.
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Three main vessels make up the HEPATIC TRIAD including the HEPATIC PORTAL vein, HEPATIC artery, and BILE ductules.
The hepatic portal vein delivers nutrient rich, oxygen POOR blood to the liver cells.
The HEPATIC ARTERY is responsible for delivering oxygen RICH blood to the hepatocytes and thus providing for the large metabolic demand for this tissue.
The HEPATIC DUCTULES collect bile produced in the hepatic lobules and deliver it to the hepatic ducts on their way to the GALLBLADDER for storage.
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Which of these are accessory organs of the GI tract? Check all that apply.
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Pancreas
Gallbladder
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Select all that are major functions of the muscularis layer of the GI tract.
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Peristalsis
Mixing
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What are the primary hormones that participate in the regulation of the processes of digestion? Check all that apply.
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Gastrin
Cholexystokinin
Secretin
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Secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) are hormones that are secreted from what GI organ?
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small intestine
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Normal bacterial flora in the large intestine are responsible for the production of vitamins B and
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vitamin K
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Digestion begins in the
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mouth
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Bile from the liver and digestive juices from the pancreas enter which section of the small intestine?
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Duodenum
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Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?
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Production of ATP
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Which of the following is not secreted by the stomach to aid in digestion?
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Bile
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During digestion, the major site of nutrient absorption is the
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small intestine
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Which of the following might stimulate the cephalic phase of gastric secretion?
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The thought of food
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Gastric secretion is increased in all three phases (cephalic, gastric, intestinal).
