Criminal Justice Ethics Quiz 5

In a pro se defense: 1) the defendant defends himself or herself. 2) the defendant is represented by one attorney only. 3) the defendant is provided an attorney free of charge. 4) the defendant is not able to stand trial.

The vast majority of cases in the criminal justice system are settled by: 1) a hung jury. 2) a judge. 3) a plea bargain. 4) a jury of citizens.

Which of the following statements regarding lawyers' actions is false? 1) The lawyer may not engage in motions or actions to intentionally and maliciously harm others. 2) The lawyer may not knowingly advance unwarranted claims or defenses. 3) The lawyer may not knowingly make a false statement of law or fact. 4) The lawyer may not directly communicate with opposing attorneys

A shadow jury is a: 1) panel of people selected by the press that observes the trial and provides feedback to the press. 2) panel of people selected by the defense attorney that observes the trial and provides feedback to the attorney. 3) panel of people selected by the prosecutor that observes the trial and provides feedback to the prosecutor. 4) panel of people selected by the judge that observes the trial and provides feedback to the judge.

The protection that prevents authorities from compelling an attorney to disclose confidential information regarding his or her client is called: 1) fiduciary privilege. 2) anti-incriminatory privilege. 3) attorney-client privilege. 4) theological privilege.

Which of the following is not an exception to the confidentiality rule for defense attorneys? 1) prevention of future crime of imminent death or grievous bodily harm 2) client consent 3) court order 4) knowledge of evidence of a murder that has taken place

A Harvard study that examined the performance of private attorneys who are appointed to represent indigent clients in federal cases concluded: 1) they performed far better than full-time public defenders. 2) they billed the government for more services than they actually provided. 3) they treated their clients with disrespect. 4) they achieved worse results than full-time public defenders.

Which of the following is not a valid reason for an attorney to withdraw from a case? 1) if the legal action is for harassment or malicious purposes 2) if continued employment will result in violation of a disciplinary rule 3) if the attorney's schedule makes it difficult to attend to the details of the case 4) if discharged by the client

Which factor would be unethical for a prosecutor to consider in making charging decisions? 1) the severity of the crime 2) the quality of evidence 3) the ability to obtain a conviction 4) income of the victim

A legal tool used to confiscate property and money associated with organized criminal activity is called: 1) dispossession. 2) wealth audit. 3) asset forfeiture. 4) embezzlement.

Which of the following statements about plea bargaining is correct? 1) Plea bargaining is not accompanied by ethical concerns. 2) Plea bargains must be formally requested by the defense. 3) Plea bargaining occurs in the vast majority of criminal cases. 4) Plea bargains must be approved by the arresting officer and victim.

The ethical concern regarding expert witnesses is about whether they are really: 1) paid. 2) expensive. 3) recognizable. 4) reliable

The "halo effect" refers to: 1) the phenomenon in which a defendant is seen as innocent and naïve. 2) the phenomenon in which a person with expertise or status in one area is given deference in all areas. 3) the phenomenon in which the defense attorney is given deference even when he is clearly stretching the truth. 4) the phenomenon in which the witness is a member of the clergy.

____________________ is the profession involved in the application of science to recognize, identify, and evaluate physical evidence in court proceedings. 1) Criminal investigative science 2) Criminalistics 3) Criminal technologist 4) Crime scene technician

What are the two major areas of judicial discretion? 1) sentencing and jury selection 2) interpretation of law and jury selection 3) interpretation of law and jury instruction 4) sentencing and interpretation of law

Which of the following is not a valid exception to the exclusionary rule? 1) good faith 2) judicial discretion 3) inevitable discovery 4) public safety

The Federal Sentencing Guidelines have been the subject of recent Supreme Court rulings, which have: 1) upheld their legality. 2) denied the use of the guidelines only when based on evidence not proven in court. 3) required the prosecutor to not use enhanced sentence provisions. 4) ruled that judges must have the ability to use some discretion in sentencing.

Which of the following is not considered prosecutorial misconduct? 1) ex parte communication with a judge 2) communicating with defendant without counsel present 3) failure to disclose evidence 4) speaking to the media about whether or not an indictment has been returned

According to the text, the most common charge leveled against prosecutors is: 1) misusing pretrial publicity. 2) failure to disclose evidence. 3) supporting perjury. 4) using false evidence in court.

According to the text, which of the following statements about judicial misconduct is false? 1) Public exposés of judicial misconduct are fairly rare. 2) There is a concern that judges and lawyers play to the camera when these are permitted in court. 3) In general, judges who are primarily concerned with their public image may make biased decisions. 4) Attorneys often file complaints against judges when misconduct is suspected.

The procedure for presenting a single suspect to an eyewitness for identification is known as a: 1) show-up. 2) lineup. 3) field identification. 4) photo array

Only recognizing evidence to fit one's theory is the definition of: 1) cognitive dissonance. 2) belief perseverance. 3) selective information processing. 4) confirmatory bias.

The Innocence Project is: 1) a loose affiliation of lawyers who identify cases where a prisoner may be innocent. 2) an attempt to educate judges and lawyers about the problems of unfair jury selection practices. 3) a project started in Dallas by county prosecutors in which all felony convictions are reviewed for accuracy. 4) an investigation that targeted corrupt judges.

The reasons for false convictions discussed in your text include all except: 1) perjury by informants. 2) "junk science." 3) false confessions. 4) gender bias.

Confirmatory bias refers to: 1) when a specific suspect has been fixated upon and investigators ignore other possibilities. 2) when it is confirmed that the prosecution is biased against the suspect. 3) when a confirmation of racial bias is pending 4) none of these describe the concept.

Barry Scheck of the Innocence Project asserts that many of the Brady violations occurring in prosecutors' offices are due to: 1) police officers withholding evidence. 2) poor training. 3) prosecutors deliberately cheating in an effort to win cases. 4) prosecutors being overworked and careless.

In an effort to prevent false confessions, 18 states now require confessions to be: 1) recorded by a court reporter, for a judge to review. 2) sworn to under oath. 3) witnessed by a defense attorney. 4) videotaped.

A lineup in which the law enforcement official does not know which person is the suspect is known as a(n): 1) show-up. 2) Brady lineup. 3) ex parte lineup. 4) double-blind lineup.

According to the text, disciplinary committees investigate a practicing attorney: 1) only when a complaint is lodged against him or her. 2) on a regularly basis, usually every fiscal year. 3) every time the attorney's license to practice is due for renewal. 4) only when it involves a capital case