Chapter 19 Homework

Which layer of the typical blood vessel is constructed from simple squamous epithelium? A) tunica intima B) tunica externa C) tunica media

Which layer of the typical vessel can be regulated to constrict or dilate the lumen? A) tunica intima B) tunica externa C) tunica media D) vasa vasorum

Which of these features is found only in arteries? A) valves B) vasa vasorum C) elastic membranes D) lumen

Which type of vessel is most suited to expanding and recoiling in response to the ejection of blood from the heart? A) muscular artery B) elastic artery C) arteriole D) large veins

What type of vessel is capable of allowing the passage of gases and nutrients though its walls to nourish surrounding tissue? A) capillaries B) small veins C) arterioles D) venules

Arteries always carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. True False

The aorta receives the full force of blood exiting the heart during ventricular systole. Which of the following statements best describes the adaptive anatomy of the aorta? A) The tunica external of the aorta is nearly absent compared to other vessels. B) The aorta's tunica media is thick with dense regular connective tissue to withstand the blood's pressure. C) Smooth muscle is relatively thin in the aorta to increase lumen size and systemic blood flow. D) Elastic fibers are extensive in the tunica media of the aorta and dampen the pulse pressure generated by the heart.

Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and continuous blood circulation? A) tunica media B) tunica adventitia C) tunica intima D) tunica externa

Which vessels carry blood toward the heart? A) arterioles B) capillaries C) veins D) muscular arteries

Which statement best describes arteries? A) All carry blood away from the heart. B) All carry oxygenated blood to the heart. C) All contain valves to prevent the backflow of blood. D) Only large arteries are lined with endothelium.

Which of the choices below explains why the arterioles are known as resistance vessels? A) The contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in their walls can change their diameter. B) They contain a large quantity of elastic tissue. C) They distribute blood to various parts of the body. D) Their prime function is the exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and tissue cells.

The most permeable capillaries, which contain fenestrations and large intercellular clefts, are __________. A) fenestrated capillaries B) continuous capillaries C) arterioles D) sinusoid capillaries

Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ________. A) capillaries B) veins C) arteries D) arterioles

Which of the following is true about veins? A) Veins have valves; arteries do not. B) Veins carry blood away from the heart, while arteries carry blood to the heart. C) Veins have a smaller diameter lumen than arteries. D) Veins are more muscular than arteries.

Factors that aid venous return include all except ________. A) venous valves B) urinary output C) pressure changes in the thorax D) activity of skeletal muscles

Which of the following is the most significant source of blood flow resistance? A) blood viscosity B) blood vessel diameter C) blood vessels type D) total blood vessel length

The pulse pressure is ________. A) systolic pressure divided by diastolic pressure B) systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure C) diastolic pressure plus 1/3 (systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure) D) systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure

A patient with essential hypertension might have pressures of 200/120 mm Hg. This hypertensive state could result in all of the following changes except ________. A) decreased size of the heart muscle B) increased damage to blood vessel endothelium C) increased incidence of coronary artery disease D) increased work of the left ventricle

Which of the following signs of hypovolemic shock is a relatively late sign? A) rapidly falling blood pressure B) increased heart rate C) rapid, thready pulse D) cold, clammy skin