Chapter 19 - Brain

Identify the most muscular chamber. (A) Left atrium (B) Left ventricle (C) Right atrium (D) Right ventricle

Name the inner lining of the heart. (A) Myocardium (B) Endocardium (C) Epicardium (D) Pericardium

Identify the valve found between the left atrium and left ventricle. (A) Pulmonary valve (B) Bicuspid (mitral) valve (C) Tricuspid valve (D) Aortic valve

What heart chamber pushes blood through the aortic semilunar valve? (A) Right ventricle (B) Right atrium (C) Left atrium (D) Left ventricle

Name the needle like ridges of muscle lining the ventricles. (A) Papillary muscles (B) Pectinate muscles (C) Trabeculae carneae (D) Chordae tendineae

What fibrous structure functions to anchor the atrioventricular valves in a closed position? (A) Papillary muscle (B) Trabeculae carneae (C) Chordae tendineae (D) Moderator band

Blood on the right never mixes with blood on the left, once the heart is fully developed. False True

The mitral valve is best heard __________. (A) in the second intercostal space at the right sternal margin (B) in the right sternal margin of the fifth intercostal space (C) in the left fifth intercostal space, in line with the middle of the clavicle (D) in the second intercostal space at the left sternal margin (E) None of the listed choices is correct.

Which of these conduction sequences through the heart is correct? (A) AV node, Purkinje fibers, AV bundle, SA node, bundle branches (B) AV bundle, AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, bundle branches (C) SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers (D) SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers, bundle branches (E) SA node, AV bundle, AV node, Purkinje fibers, bundle branches

An atherosclerotic blockage in the circumflex artery would result in decreased (or lack of) blood flow to the __________. (A) right atrium and most of the right ventricle (B) interventricular septum and anterior walls of the ventricles (C) interatrial septum and SA node (D) left atrium and posterior part of the left ventricle (E) None of the listed choices is correct.

A physician determines that the apex of a patient's heart lies at the costal cartilage of the fourth rib two fingers' breadth to the right of the sternum. What can the physician immediately determine about the patient's heart? (A) The heart is enlarged in all dimensions. (B) The heart is displaced inferiorly and to the left. (C) The heart lies more inferiorly in the thoracic cavity than normal. (D) The heart is displaced superiorly and to the right. (E) The heart is of normal size and location. (F) The patient has had a heart attack.

What is the function of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves? (A) preventing reflux (regurgitation) of ventricular blood into the pulmonary trunk (B) preventing reflux (regurgitation) of atrial blood into the ventricles (C) opening the semilunar valves (D) preventing reflux (regurgitation) of ventricular blood into the aorta (E) preventing eversion of the valves into the atria (F) forcing closure of the semilunar valves

In common usage, the terms "systole" and "diastole" refer to __________, respectively. (A) ventricular filling and ventricular contraction (B) the effects of myocardial infarction and pulmonary hypertension (C) ventricular contraction and ventricular filling (D) ventricular fibrillation and atrial fibrillation

Which of these statements concerning cardiac muscle tissue is true? (A) Unlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells do not contract by the sliding filament mechanism. (B) Cardiac muscle cells are long, multinucleated, and cylinder-shaped. (C) Like skeletal muscle tissue, all cells of cardiac muscle tissue are innervated. (D) Cardiac muscle tissue is triggered to contract by ionic magnesium (Mg2+). (E) Cardiac muscle tissue exhibits inherent rhythmicity, which is the basis of coordinated heartbeats.

Branches of the vagus nerve __________. (A) are woven through the cardiac musculature of the ventricles (B) supply parasympathetic innervation to the heart, which slows the heart rate (C) supply sympathetic innervation to the heart, which increases the heart rate and its force of contraction (D) are influenced by the cardioacceleratory center in the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata (E) travel to the heart from the cervical and upper thoracic chain ganglia

Why is the only path of conduction for impulse transmission from the atria to the ventricles through the AV node and AV bundle? (A) The AV node sets the basic heart rate; without it the ventricles would contract too slowly to pump blood. (B) The atria and ventricles are insulated from each other by the fibrous skeleton of the heart. (C) The blood going through the AV valves prevents conduction. (D) The coronary arteries block the conduction in all other directions.

Name the ridged bundles of muscle found projecting inside the right atrium. (A) Pectinate muscles (B) Intercalated discs (C) Trabeculae carneae (D) Papillary muscles

Identify the right atrioventricular valve. (A) Bicuspid valve (B) Pulmonary valve (C) Tricuspid valve (D) Aortic semilunar valve

Identfiy the valve located at the exit of the right ventricle. (A) Bicuspid valve (B) Tricuspid valve (C) Pulmonary semilunar valve (D) Aortic semilunar valve

The moderator band is found on both the right and left side of the heart. True False

Oxygenated blood flows through the right side of the heart. False True

The semilunar valves prevent backflow of blood into the _____. (A) vena cavae (B) ventricles (C) atria (D) lungs

Which vessel carries oxygenated blood? (A) pulmonary vein (B) pulmonary artery (C) superior vena cava (D) pulmonary trunk

Which structure anchors the chordae tendinae of the atrioventricular valves? (A) papillary muscle (B) trabeculae carnea (C) interventricular septum (D) pectinate muscle

Which layer of the heart wall is visceral pericardium? (A) epicardium (B) myocardium (C) endothelium (D) endocardium