Chapter 1 Human Anatomy & Physiology Exam

Feeling for swollen lymph nodes is an example of auscultation. A. True B. False

We can see through bones with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A. True B. False

The terms development and evolution have the same meaning in physiology. A. True B. False

Organs are made of tissues. A. True B. False

A molecule of water is more complex than a mitochondrion (organelle). A. True B. False

Positive feedback helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance. A. True B. False

Negative feedback is a self-amplifying chain of events that tends to produce rapid change in the body. A. True B. False

Anatomists around the world adhere to a lexicon of standard international terms, which stipulates both Latin names and accepted English equivalents. A. True B. False

Feeling structures with your fingertips is called _________, whereas tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities is called ____________. A. palpation; auscultation B. auscultation; percussion C. percussion; auscultation D. palpation; percussion E. percussion; palpation

Known as "the father of modern anatomy," __________ was the first to publish accurate drawings of the body. A. Vesalius B. Maimonides C. Harvey D. Aristotle E. van Leeuwenhoek

Which of these is the best imaging technique for routinely examining the anatomical development of a fetus? A. Auscultation B. PET scan C. MRI D. Sonography E. Radiography

The terms physics, physiology, and physician come from a term that __________ proposed to distinguish natural causes from supernatural causes. A. Hippocrates B. Plato C. Schwann D. Aristotle E. Avicenna

Who was a physician to the Roman gladiators, learned by dissection of animals, and saw science as a method of discovery? A. Hippocrates B. Plato C. Schwann D. Aristotle E. Galen

Most people think that ulcers are caused by psychological stress. It was discovered that an acid-resistant bacterium, Heliobacter pylori, lives in the lining of the stomach. If these bacteria cause ulcers, then treatment with an antibiotic should reduce ulcers. This line of investigation is an example of A. hypothetical reasoning B. hypothetico-deductive reasoning C. the inductive method D. experimental design E. statistical analysis

The study of the structure and function of cells is called ___________. A. cytology B. gross anatomy C. exploratory physiology D. comparative physiology E. radiology

________________ established a code of ethics for physicians. He is considered the "father of medicine." A. Aristotle B. Hippocrates C. Galen D. Vesalius E. Hooke

The constant appearance of new strains of influenza virus is an example of __________. A. a model B. evolution C. selection pressure D. survivorship E. success

The principal theory of how evolution works is called __________. A. natural pressure B. selective pressure C. darwinian pressure D. natural adaptation E. natural selection

Which of the following was an adaptation that evolved in connection with human upright walking? A. Hair B. Fully opposable thumbs C. Stereoscopic vision D. Color vision E. Spinal and pelvic anatomy

Stereoscopic vision provides __________. A. opposable perception B. color perception C. depth perception D. bipedalism E. opposition of thumbs

Most primates are ________________, meaning they live in trees. A. prehensile B. bipedal C. cursorial D. troglodytic E. arboreal

An _______________ is composed of two or more tissues types, whereas ____________ are microscopic structures in a cell. A. organ system; organs B. organ system; organelles C. organ; organelles D. organ; molecules E. organelle; molecules

Which of the following lists levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest? A. Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system B. Organ system, organ, cell, tissue, organelle C. Organ system, organelle, tissue, cell, organ D. Organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle E. Organ, organ system, tissue, cell, organelle

Which of the following lists examples of body structures from the simplest to the most complex? A. Mitochondrion, connective tissue, protein, stomach, adipocyte (fat cell) B. Protein, mitochondrion, adipocyte (fat cell), connective tissue, stomach C. Mitochondrion, connective tissue, stomach, protein, adipocyte (fat cell) D. Protein, adipocyte (fat cell), stomach, connective tissue, mitochondrion E. Protein, stomach, connective tissue, adipocyte (fat cell), mitochondrion

A(n) _____________ is a group of similar cells and their intercellular materials in a discrete region of an organ performing a specific function. A. macromolecule B. organ system C. organelle D. organism E. tissue

_________________ are the simplest body structures considered alive. A. Organ systems B. Organs C. Cells D. Organelles E. Molecules

All of the following are human organ systems except ___________. A. skeletal B. endocrine C. epidermal D. reproductive E. lymphatic

All of the following are organs except __________. A. teeth B. the skin C. nails D. the liver E. the digestive system

Metabolism is the sum of all __________ __________ change. A. external; physical B. external; chemical C. internal; chemical D. internal; physical E. stimulated; movement

We live in an ever-changing environment outside of our body, yet our internal conditions remain relatively stable. This is called __________. A. homeostasis B. metastasis C. responsiveness D. adaptation E. evolution

During exercise, one generates excess heat and the body temperature rises. As a response, blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the body surface, and heat is lost. This is an example of __________. A. negative feedback B. positive feedback C. dynamic equilibrium D. integration control E. set point adjustment

When a woman is giving birth, the head of the baby pushes against her cervix and stimulates the release of the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin travels in the blood and stimulates the uterus to contract. Labor contractions become more and more intense until the baby is expelled. This is an example of __________. A. negative feedback B. positive feedback C. dynamic equilibrium D. integration control E. set point adjustment

Which of the following is most likely to cause disease? A. Positive feedback B. Negative feedback C. Homeostasis D. Equilibrium E. Irritability

Blood glucose concentration rises after a meal and stimulates the pancreas to release the hormone insulin. Insulin travels in the blood and stimulates the uptake of glucose by body cells from the bloodstream, thus reducing blood glucose concentration. This is an example of _________. A. negative feedback B. positive feedback C. dynamic equilibrium D. integration control E. set point adjustment

Three common components of a feedback loop are _________, __________, and __________. A. stimulus; integrating (control) center; organ system B. stimulus; receptor; integrating (control) center C. receptor; integrating (control) center; effector D. receptor; organ; organ system E. receptor; integrating (control) center; organ system

Negative feedback loops are __________. A. homeostatic mechanisms B. not homeostatic mechanisms C. associated with "vicious circles" D. self-amplifying cycles E. usually harmful

The prefix hypo- means _______________, whereas hyper- means _____________. A. front; back B. right; left C. inside; outside D. clear; dark E. below; above

The plural of axilla (armpit) is ____________, whereas the plural of appendix is ___________. A. axillae; appendices B. axillides; appendages C. axillies; appendi D. axilli; appendices

The study of normal body structures is called __________. A. physiology B. biology C. anatomy D. pathology E. microscopy

The study of how hormones function is called __________. A. neuroanatomy B. endocrinology C. pathophysiology D. histology E. neurophysiology

The study of mechanism of disease is called __________. A. histology B. endocrinology C. pathophysiology D. neuroanatomy E. neurophysiology

The study of how the body functions is called __________. A. neuroanatomy B. anatomy C. chemistry D. physiology E. histology