Ch 15 Quiz Questions A & P 1

In the uterus ________. Select one: a. despite the fact that the fetus cannot see, functional visual cortical connections are established b. the fetus can see only light and shadow, but not forms, so partial visual connections are made c. scanty visual connections are made that proliferate greatly during infancy d. the fetus cannot see and therefore visual cortical connections are not made

Damage to the medial recti muscles would probably affect ________. Select one: a. accommodation b. pupil constriction c. refraction d. convergence

Motion sickness seems to ________. Select one: a. result from mismatch between visual and vestibular inputs b. respond best to medication taken after salivation and pallor begins c. result from activation of nausea centers in the brain stem d. respond best to medication that "boosts" vestibular inputs

Olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by ________. Select one: a. movement of a cupula b. the movement of otoliths c. substances in solution d. stretching of the receptor cells

Taste buds are not found ________. Select one: a. in circumvallate papillae b. in filiform papillae c. lining the buccal cavity d. in fungiform papillae

Seventy percent of all sensory receptors are located in the ________. Select one: a. skin b. eye c. nose d. ears

The first vestiges of eyes in the embryo are called ________. Select one: a. optic cups b. mesenchyme c. optic discs d. optic vesicles

Tinnitis, vertigo, and gradual hearing loss typify the disorder called ________. Select one: a. motion sickness b. Ménière's syndrome c. strabismus d. conjunctivitis

Which of the following could not be seen as one looks into the eye with an ophthalmoscope? Select one: a. optic chiasma b. macula lutea c. optic disc d. fovea centralis

Which of the following structures is not part of the external ear? Select one: a. tympanic membrane b. external acoustic meatus c. pharyngotympanic tube d. pinna

During dark adaptation ________. Select one: a. the cones are activated b. rhodopsin accumulates in the rods c. the sensitivity of the retina decreases d. the rate of rhodopsin breakdown is accelerated

The receptor for static equilibrium is the ________. Select one: a. semicircular canals b. utricle c. cochlear duct d. macula

As sound levels increase in the spiral organ (of Corti), ________. Select one: a. outer hair cells bend the cilia away from the kinocilium b. inner hair cells bend the cilia away from the kinocilium c. outer hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane d. inner hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane

U.S. employees must wear hearing protection at ________ dB or above. Select one: a. 100 b. 90 c. 80 d. 70

The oil component found in tears is produced by the ________. Select one: a. ciliary gland b. conjunctiva c. tarsal glands d. lacrimal glands

Conscious perception of vision probably reflects activity in the ________. Select one: a. thalamus b. chiasma c. superior colliculus d. occipital lobe of the cortex

The receptor membranes of gustatory cells are ________. Select one: a. fungiform papillae b. basal cells c. gustatory hairs d. taste buds

What prevents the eyelids from sticking together when the eyes close? Select one: a. lacrimal fluid b. ciliary gland secretions c. tarsal gland secretions d. conjunctival fluid

The oval window is connected directly to which passageway? Select one: a. scala vestibuli b. scala tympani c. pharyngotympanic tube d. external acoustic meatus

The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye, after there has been partial crossover of the fibers in the optic chiasma, is the ________. Select one: a. lateral geniculate body of the thalamus b. visual cortex c. temporal lobe d. superior colliculi

Most newborns ________. Select one: a. see in tones of red and green only b. are myopic c. often use only one eye at a time d. cry with copious tears

Which statement about malnutrition-induced night blindness is most accurate? Select one: a. The impaired vision is caused by reduced cone function. b. Vitamin supplements can reverse degenerative changes. c. The most common cause is vitamin D deficiency. d. Visual pigment content is reduced in both rods and cones.

Select the correct statement about equilibrium. Select one: a. Cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration. b. The weight of the endolymph contained within the semicircular canals against the maculae is responsible for static equilibrium. c. Hair cells of both types of equilibrium hyperpolarize only, resulting in an increased rate of impulse transmission. d. Due to dynamic equilibrium, movement can be perceived if rotation of the body continues at a constant rate.

Visual processing in the thalamus does not contribute significantly to ________. Select one: a. movement perception b. depth perception c. high-acuity vision d. night vision

What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye? Select one: a. cornea b. iris c. aqueous humor d. lens

In the visual pathways to the brain, the optic radiations project to the ________. Select one: a. optic chiasma b. lateral geniculate body c. primary visual cortex d. medial retina

Which of the following is true about light and vision? Select one: a. When we see the color of an object, all light is being absorbed by that object except for the color being experienced. b. Human photoreceptors respond to light in the 100-300 nm range. c. The greater the incident angle of light striking a refractive surface, the less the amount of light bending. d. Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation that slows down as it enters a medium of relatively less density.

An essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is (are) the ________. Select one: a. cupula b. spiral organ (of Corti) c. scala media d. otoliths

Which of the following is true about photoreceptors? Select one: a. Rods absorb light throughout the visual spectrum but confer only gray tone vision. b. Three types of color-sensitive photoreceptors exist: red, green, and yellow. c. If all cones are stimulated equally, all colors are absorbed by the cones and the color perceived is black. d. In dim light, images are focused directly on the rods in the fovea centralis.

Visual inputs to the ________ serve to synchronize biorhythms with natural light and dark. Select one: a. suprachiasmatic nucleus b. superior colliculi c. lateral geniculate body d. pretectal nuclei

Farsightedness is more properly called ________. Select one: a. myopia b. hyperopia c. presbyopia d. hypopia

Light passes through the following structures in which order? Select one: a. cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor b. aqueous humor, cornea, lens, vitreous humor c. cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor d. vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor, cornea

Which of the following is not a characteristic of olfactory receptor cells? Select one: a. They are ciliated. b. They are unipolar neurons. c. They are chemoreceptors. d. They have a short life span of about 60 days.

There are three layers of neurons in the retina. The axons of which of these neuron layers form the optic nerves? Select one: a. bipolar cells b. rod cells c. cone cells d. ganglion cells

What is the main function of the rods in the eye? Select one: a. depth perception b. color vision c. vision in dim light d. accommodation for near vision

Ceruminous glands are ________. Select one: a. glands found in the lateral corners of your eye b. modified apocrine sweat glands c. modified taste buds d. saliva glands found at the base of the tongue

Which of the following taste sensations is incorrectly matched to the chemicals that produce it? Select one: a. bitter-alkaloids b. sweet-organic substances such as sugar and some lead salts c. sour-acids d. salty-metal ions e. umami-amino acids glutamate and lysine

Which statement about sound localization is not true? Select one: a. It requires processing at the cortical level. b. It requires input from both ears. c. It uses time differences between sound reaching the two ears. d. It is difficult to discriminate sound sources in the midline.

Which of the follow types of neurons are replaced throughout adult life? Select one: a. olfactory receptor cells b. retinal ganglion cells c. auditory outer and inner hair cells d. retinal bipolar cells

Dark adaptation ________. Select one: a. involves improvement of acuity and color vision b. is much faster than light adaptation c. results in inhibition of rod function d. involves accumulation of rhodopsin

Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye ________. Select one: a. pass posteriorly without crossing over at the chiasma b. cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma c. go to the superior colliculus only d. divide at the chiasma, with some crossing and some not crossing

Select the correct statement about olfaction. Select one: a. Some of the sensation of olfaction is actually one of pain. b. Olfactory receptors have a high degree of specificity toward a single type of chemical. c. Olfactory adaptation is only due to fading of receptor cell response. d. Substances must be volatile and hydrophobic in order to activate olfactory receptors.

The cells of the retina in which action potentials are generated are the ________. Select one: a. rods and cones b. bipolar cells c. ganglion cells d. amacrine cells

Which of the following is true about gustatory receptors? Select one: a. All gustatory receptors have the same threshold for activation. b. Complete adaptation occurs in about one to five minutes. c. The receptors generate an action potential in response to chemical stimuli. d. In order for a chemical to be sensed, it must be hydrophobic.

Visible light fits between ________. Select one: a. X rays and UV b. microwaves and radio waves c. UV and infrared d. gamma rays and infrared

Which pairing of terms is incorrectly related? Select one: a. frequency: loudness b. amplitude: sound intensity c. frequency: wavelength number d. quality: frequency number

The blind spot of the eye is where ________. Select one: a. only cones occur b. the macula lutea is located c. the optic nerve leaves the eye d. more rods than cones are found

The tarsal plate of the eyelid ________. Select one: a. is composed of connective tissue surrounding a thin cartilage plate b. is connected to the superior rectus muscle c. is connected to the levator palpebrae d. assists in the act of winking

The eye muscle that elevates and turns the eye laterally is the ________. Select one: a. medial rectus b. inferior oblique c. superior oblique d. lateral rectus

What is a modiolus? Select one: a. bone in the center of a semicircular canal b. a bony area around the junction of the facial, vestibular, and cochlear nerves c. a bone pillar in the center of the cochlea d. bone around the cochlea

Receptors for hearing are located in the ________. Select one: a. tympanic membrane b. semicircular canals c. vestibule d. cochlea

Ordinarily, it is not possible to transplant tissues from one person to another, yet corneas can be transplanted without tissue rejection. This is because the cornea ________. Select one: a. is not a living tissue b. does not contain connective tissue c. has no nerve supply d. has no blood supply

Information from balance receptors goes directly to the ________. Select one: a. visual cortex b. brain stem reflex centers c. motor cortex d. back muscles

Which of the following is not a possible cause of conduction deafness? Select one: a. middle ear infection b. cochlear nerve degeneration c. otosclerosis d. impacted cerumen

Conscious perception of vision probably reflects activity in the ________. Select one: a. chiasma b. occipital lobe of the cortex c. superior colliculus d. thalamus

The oval window is connected directly to which passageway? Select one: a. scala vestibuli b. external acoustic meatus c. pharyngotympanic tube d. scala tympani

The receptor for static equilibrium is the ________. Select one: a. cochlear duct b. macula c. utricle d. semicircular canals

Farsightedness is more properly called ________. Select one: a. myopia b. hyperopia c. hypopia d. presbyopia