At least one member must benefit in a symbiotic relationship.
question
Transient microbiota differ from normal microbiota in that transient microbiota what?
answer
Are present for a relatively short time.
question
Which of the following is NOT an example of microbial antagonism?
answer
Bacteria causing disease
question
Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?
answer
Epidemic - a disease that is endemic across the world
question
The rise in herd immunity amongst a population can directly be attributed to what?
answer
Vaccinations
question
Which of the following is NOT a communicable disease?
answer
Tetanus
question
A disease in which the causative agent remains inactive for a time before producing symptoms is referred to as what?
answer
Latent
question
Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor of a disease?
answer
None of the answers are correct; all of these are predisposing factors of disease. (genetic background, lifestyle, climate, and occupation)
question
In which of the following diseases can gender be considered a variable predisposing factor?
answer
Urinary Tract Infections
question
If a prodromal period exists for a certain disease, it should occur prior to what?
answer
Illness
question
Which of the following diseases is NOT spread by droplet infection?
answer
Botulism
question
Which of the following is a fomite?
answer
A hypodermic needle
question
A nosocomial infection is what?
answer
Acquired during the course of hospitalization
question
Which of the following statements about nosocomial infections is false?
answer
The patient was infected before hospitalization
question
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the emergence of infectious diseases?
answer
The emergence of infectious diseases can be attributed to all of these
question
Epidemiology is defined as the study of what?
answer
Where and when a disease occurs, and how it is transmitted
question
What is the role of epidemiology?
answer
To learn how to treat and prevent various diseases
question
Koch's postulates established criteria for proving that a specific organism causes a specific disease. Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria given by Koch's postulates?
answer
The pathogen must be isolated from inoculated animals and must be different from the original organism.
question
Which of the following statements about the development of infectious diseases is correct?
answer
The period of convalescence is the time during which the person regains health and fully recovers (back to the pre-disease state)
question
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by infection with a protozoan. In certain tropical regions, malaria is constantly present. We would say that malaria is what type of disease in these regions?
answer
Endemic
question
For a particular disease at a specific time period, morbidity rates should always be equal or greater than mortality rates (T / F)
answer
True
question
Reservoirs of infections are always animate objects (T / F)
answer
False
question
Both normal and transient flora can become opportunistic pathogens (T / F)
answer
True
question
Focal infections initially start out as what?
answer
Local infections
question
Koch observed Bacillus anthracis multiplying in the blood of cattle. What is the condition called?
answer
Septicemia
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