APUSH Timeline Of Important Events

Columbus arrives -begins Columbian Exchange -Spain sends conquistadors & Armada -Spain sets up encomiendas (missions like in CA & others)

-Sir Walter Raleigh Roanoke Island -disappeared by 1590 "Lost Colony"

-England defeats Spanish Armada -England becomes superpower begins colonization soon after

Jamestown -Joint Stock Company investor-backed -backer company Virginia Company -Captain John Smith leader -martial law instituted for survival 1609-1610 desperate times -Powhatan Confederacy aides Jamestown -tobacco cash crop, saves colony from extinction -Chesapeake becomes name of surrounding area -indentured servants - popular and useful -1618 headright sys. 50 acres given to a plantation owner who sponsored ppl over to America

House of Burgesses first government in colonies -white property-owning males could vote -slavery begins in the English colonies

Separatists leave England accidentally arrive in Massachusetts in "Mayflower" -settlement called "Plymouth" -Mayflower Compact government established, power not from God but from governed -received aid from local Indians to further the settlement

Mass. Bay Colony Congregationalists John Winthrop "City on a hill" -Puritan and Calvinist ideas ex. of religious intolerance -Roger Williams banished -created Rhode Island free religion -Anne Hutchinson 1629-42 Great Puritan Migration 1649-1660 little immigration because England was mainly Puritan

Connecticut gets charter for being a colony -Maryland Lord Baltimore haven for Christians & Catholics 1649 Act of Toleration protects Christians

New York = colony -Pennsylvania William Penn Quaker -Carolina (proprietary) split into NC (Virginia-like colony) and SC (settled by people from Barbados) -proprietary colonies usually became royal colonies (king-controlled) Salutary Neglect 1650-1750 Britain was hands-off on American colonies; gave America autonomy

Bacon's Rebellion -settlers v. Indian = issue -led to creation of Black Codes

Salem Witch Trials -many executions -unrest in religion, politics and gender led to the witch hysteria

Great Awakening -Jonathan Edwards Congregationalist "sinners in hands of angry God" fire & brimstone -message was about Hell and predestination -George Whitefield Methodist Christianity emotionalism and spirituality -seen in southern evangelism Enlightenment = rationalism emotionalism & spirituality -Ben Franklin ex of enlightenment man

Albany Plan by Ben Franklin -inter-colonial government plans -for defense -not accepted

7 Years War "French-Indian War" -Britain wins - leads to anti-British sentiment

Proclamation of 1763 -forbids colonial settlement past Appalachian Mountains -angered colonists -end of salutary neglect -turning point of British-Colonial relations

Sugar Act - to stop smuggling Currency Act - colonists can't make paper money

Stamp Act -tax for revenue -broad tax covered legal documents too -affected almost everyone, especially literate and lawyers -taxed goods made in the colonies "No taxation without representation" British response virtual representation

Stamp Act repealed Declaratory Act passed Parliament can tax and legislate in all cases anywhere in the colonies

Townshend Act -taxed goods imported from Britain -paid for government officials' salaries -more vice-admiralty courts created -suspended NY legislation -"writ of assistance" - British can search anywhere; soldiers sent to Boston to keep peace March 5, 1770 Colonists protest 1769 Townshend Duties repealed

Boston Massacre

Boston Tea Party - tea tax protest

Coercive Acts ("Intolerable Acts") -closed Boston port; except for essentials -colonists had to house soldiers

First Continental Congress = all but Georgia goals -determine grievances -address actions to grievances such as boycotts -Parameters which were considered Parliamentary interference

Battles of Lexington (first battle) and Concord (American colonists held off British "shot heard 'round the world")

2nd Continental Congress -established continental army -printing $ -established government offices for policies -George Washington leader of army

Olive Branch Petition -America wants reconciliation with Britain -last attempt to avoid armed conflict -King George III ignored it

Common Sense Thomas Paine -"Why should an island rule a continent?"

Thomas Jefferson commissioned to write Declaration of Independence

Declaration of Independence signed

Franco-American Alliance -negotiated by Ben Franklin -brings French into war on the colonists side -because of battle of Saratoga

Treaty of Paris -gave US land and independence

Articles of Confederation -1st central government -lacked ability to tax, declare war, form a military

Constitutional Convention -NJ plan modifications -Virginia plan checks & balances -Great Compromise bicameral -House of Representatives according to population -Senate 2 per state -3/5ths Compromise

Constitution is effective

Bill of Rights added

Election of Washington -cabinet Jefferson (Secretary of State), Hamilton (Treasury) events -National Bank created -Hamilton's financial plan to reduce debt -Neutrality Proclamation -Pinckney's treaty 1796 -no third term

Farewell Address - neutrality championed John Adams -XZY affair -Alien & Sedition Acts -VA & KY resolutions nullification -midnight appointments Adams placed more judges in judicial positions with Federalists leads to Marbury v. Madison

Jefferson elected -Marbury v. Madison established Judicial Review

Louisiana Purchase -Lewis & Clark

Jefferson re-elected -British impressment -Embargo Act 1807 &Non Intercourse Act 1809 both hurt American economy

James Madison -Macon's Bill #2 doesn't work -attacks from Britain and France -declared war on Britain in 1812 short war; Treaty of Ghent -Battle of New Orleans Jackson wins -Hartford Convention end of Federalist Party -American system tariff, roads, re-chartered National Bank (protective) lobbied by Henry Clay

James Monroe

Era of Good Feelings 1st political party in America -McCulloch v. Maryland states can't tax National Bank -Panic of 1819 people couldn't pay loans re-elected -Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 Florida acquired from Spain -Monroe Doctrine -Missouri Compromise by Henry Clay -Missouri slave state -Maine free state -36o30'; slavery is below that

Corrupt bargain Henry Clay became Sec. of State & JQA President -Dem. Party formed with Andrew Jackson supporters

JQA elected

Jackson presidency begins "Era of Common Man" universal white male suffrage

-Indian Removal Act Trail of Tears -Tariff of 1832 nullification issues -vetoed 2nd Bank of US charter -Specie circular -panic of 1837 -Nat Turners' Rebellion fails leads to Black Codes -Whig party emerges -anti-democratic party

Martin van Buren becomes President -panic of 1837

William Henry Harrison dies one month in office John Tyler becomes President "President without a Party" 2nd Great Awakening 1790's - 1840's -Temperance -slavery, abolition -reforms of society

Texas annexed

Polk elected

Oregon Treaty established northern border with Canada -America acquires OR, WA, parts of ID, WY, MT Mexican-American War -the Wilmot Proviso defeated quickly

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo -ends Mexican-American War -Mexican cession $15 million for C(alifornia) A(rizona) N(evada) C(olorado) U(tah) N(ew Mexico)

Zachary Taylor elected last Whig elected

Taylor dies; Fillmore takes over Compromise of 1850 written by Stephen Douglas & Henry Clay -CA is a state -stronger fugitive slave law -UT & WM territory created; popular sovereignty will decide slave or free eventually -abolished slave trade in DC

Uncle Tom's Cabin published Franklin Pierce elected

Kansas Nebraska Act -repealed Missouri compromise -championed popular sovereignty -ends Whig party essentially -Republican party emerges -leads to increased sectionalism

Bleeding Kansas Bleeding Sumner Dred Scott decision

Lincoln-Douglass debates -Freeport Doctrine

John Brown raid on Harper's Ferry

SC seceded; 7 more join to form CSA with Jefferson Davis as President

Fort Sumter; Civil War begins

Emancipation Proclamation

Freedman's Bureau established

war ends -Lincoln assassinated

Reconstruction begins options -10% Plan -Wade-Davis Bill Lincoln vetoed it -Johnson's Reconstruction Plan kind of a combo of 10% + W-D Bill -Black Codes instituted in South 14th Amendment

Military Reconstruction Act of 1867

15th Amendment

scandals Credit Mobilier& Whiskey Ring

financial panic

Compromise of 1877 -Hayes = President -military reconstruction ends in South

People: Carnegie, Rockefeller, Morgan, Edison, Pulitzer & Hearst (journalists; "yellow journalism"), Gompers (unions), Booker T. Washington, Susan B. Anthony (woman's suffrage) Forgotten Presidents: Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Harrison Political People: Debs, Bryan, McKinley (Pres, but not a forgotten one), Seward (AK purchase)

McKinley tariff Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Wilson-Gorman tariff

Spanish-American War Americans drive Spanish out of Cuba &Phillipines Treaty of Paris ends war

Platt Amendment

Panama Canal -Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine -Big Stick Policy -America not involved in Europe -involved in western hemisphere

Wilson elected

Neutrality declared

Lusitania sunk

Zimmerman telegram

declared war on Germany Espionage Act

Sedition Act FBI created with J. Edgar Hoover in charge

14 Points League of Nations made it not pass in Congress because Wilson was unwilling to compromise

People: Hemmingway, Fitzgerald, Scopes, Bryan, Darrow Events: Scopes Trial, Prohibition, 18th Amendment, Jazz Harlem Renaissance

Harding -scandals

Coolidge -business -cars

FDR -100 Days -New Deal implemented