AP US History Chp 10

Between 1820 and 1840, the population of the United States A. rapidly grew, in part, due to improved public health. B. saw the proportion of enslaved blacks to free whites increase. C. increased at a slower rate than in Europe. D. remained relatively constant. E. grew in spite of a very low birth rate in America

In 1860, the percentage of the population in free states living in towns (2,500+ people) was A. seven percent. B. thirteen percent. C. twenty-six percent. D. thirty-nine percent. E. forty-two percent

Which city did NOT owe its growth to the Great Lakes? A. Milwaukee B. Chicago C. Cleveland D. Cincinnati E. Buffalo

Before 1860, the largest single group of arriving Irish immigrants was A. young, single men. B. families. C. children. D. skilled laborers. E. young, single women

Prior to 1860, hostility among native-born Americans toward immigrants was spurred, in part, by A. the refusal by immigrants to adopt to American culture. B. fears of political radicalism. C. the ability of immigrants to command high wages. D. concerns that immigrants generally did not participate in politics. E. the effect they had on the falling price of African slaves

After 1852, the "Know-Nothings" created a new political organization called the A. Copperheads. B. Republican Party. C. Nativist Party. D. Libertarian Party. E. American Party

The Erie Canal was A. limited to flat land. B. built entirely by private investors. C. built without either locks or gates. D. a tremendous financial success. E. a great boon to the growth of Philadelphia

Which of the following statements regarding American railroads in the 1850s is FALSE? A. Railroads helped weaken the connection between the Northwest and the South. B. Most railroad "trunk lines" were reduced or eliminated. C. Long distance rail lines weakened the dependence of the West on the Mississippi River. D. Chicago was the railroad center of the West. E. Private investors provided nearly all the capital for rail development

Before the 1830s, American corporations could be chartered only by A. an act of Congress. B. presidential executive order. C. state legislatures. D. a public vote. E. a state governor

By 1860, factories in the United States A. were concentrated in the Northeast. B. produced goods whose total value greatly exceeded the nation's agricultural output. C. employed one-third of the nation's manufacturing labor force. D. All these answers are correct. E. None of these answers is correct

By 1860, the energy for industrialization in the United States increasingly came from A. water. B. kerosene. C. coal. D. gasoline. E. wood

In the 1820s and 1830s, the labor force for factory work in the United States A. saw many skilled urban artisans move into factory jobs. B. consisted mostly of European immigrants. C. was reduced by dramatic improvements in agricultural production. D. All these answers are correct. E. None of these answers is correct

When the Lowell factory system began A. craftsmen were part of the production system. B. workers were fairly well paid and lived in supervised dormitories. C. workers had few benefits outside of a set wage scale. D. the work day ended when production quotas were met. E. workers rarely stopped working in the mills until retirement

In the 1840s, the dominant immigrant group in New England textile mills was the A. Irish. B. Germans. C. English. D. Italians. E. Chinese

The republican tradition in the United States included the tradition of A. the skilled artisan. B. the yeoman farmer. C. the industrial entrepreneur. D. the skilled artisan and the yeoman farmer. E. the yeoman farmer and the industrial entrepreneur

The early union movement among skilled artisans A. was weakened by the Panic of 1837. B. was generally supported by state governments. C. attempted to create one collective national trade union. D. welcomed working women as members. E. was strengthened by the influx of immigrant laborer

All of the following factors inhibited the growth of labor unions EXCEPT A. the large number of immigrant workers. B. the political strength of industrial capitalists. C. ethnic divisions among workers. D. the question of whether to include women members. E. hostile laws and hostile courts

Prior to 1860, American urban society A. considered the conspicuous display of wealth to be poor social behavior. B. saw the wealthy people move toward the outer edges of cities. C. included a substantial number of destitute poor. D. saw the Irish immigrants have less rights than free blacks. E. None of these answers is correct

Prior to 1860, class conflict in the United States A. increased as most of the working class dropped down the economic ladder. B. increased as the gap between the wealthy and the poor widened. C. was limited by a high degree of mobility within the working class. D. decreased as immigration diversified society. E. increased as a result of geographical mobility

The growth of commerce and industry allowed more Americans the chance to become prosperous without A. a professional education. B. producing a product or service. C. owning land. D. capital. E. marrying

Prior to 1860, the most significant invention for middle-class American homes was the A. cast-iron stove. B. air conditioner. C. icebox. D. electric iron. E. telegraph

Compared to 1800, in 1860 urban American families A. had a declining birth rate. B. were more likely to see their children leave home in search of work. C. were more likely to see income earners work outside the home. D. All these answers are correct. E. None of these answers is correct

All of the following statements regarding American leisure activities prior to 1860 are true EXCEPT A. Shakespeare was the nation's most popular playwright. B. reading was a principle leisure activity among affluent Americans. C. minstrel shows were increasingly popular. D. popular tastes in public spectacle tended toward the bizarre and fantastic. E. unpaid vacations were becoming common among the middle class

In 1860, the typical white male American of the Old Northwest (today's Midwest) was A. the owner of a family farm. B. a marginal farmer. C. a farmhand who did not own his own land. D. an industrial worker. E. an urban artisan

The main staple crop of the Old Northwest (today's Midwest) was A. barley. B. soy. C. corn. D. wheat. E. cotton

In the 1830s, Cyrus McCormick improved grain farming when he patented his A. tractor. B. thresher. C. plow. D. reaper. E. mower

Immigration contributed little to the American population in the first three decades of the nineteenth century (True/false)

Much of the new pre-Civil War immigration went into the growing cities of the northeastern part of the United States (true/false)

Most of the pre-Civil War Irish and German immigrants who came to the United States did so as families, as opposed to single men and women (true/false)

The Erie Canal was the greatest construction project Americans had ever undertaken (true/false)

The development of a railroad system weakened connections between the Northwest and the South (true/false)

In 1844, Samuel Morse showed off his invention by telegraphing news of Zachary Taylor's nomination for the presidency over the wires from Baltimore to Washington (true/false)

By 1860, over half of the manufacturing establishments in the United States were located west of the Mississippi River (true/false)

Given the rapid increase in population, recruiting a labor force was a fairly easy task in the early years of the American factory system (true/false)

By 1860, the number of American inventions to receive patents was nearly 2,000 (true/false)

The paternalistic nature of the Lowell factory system lasted through the Civil War (true/false)

Commonwealth v. Hunt was a Massachusetts Supreme Court case which declared that labor unions were lawful organizations (true/false)

In most cities of the East prior to the Civil War, the income gap between rich and poor was gradually narrowed (true/false)

The fastest-growing group in America prior to the Civil War was the working poor (true/false)

For most Americans in the nineteenth century, vacations were rare (true/false)

The pre-Civil War "cult of domesticity" left women increasingly detached from the public world (true/false)

As of the middle of the nineteenth century, the typical citizen of the Northwest was a poor, marginal farmer (true/false)

The Northwest was the most self-consciously democratic section of the United States, but it was also a relatively conservative part of the country (true/false)

Prior to 1860, rural Americans rarely had contact with the rest of the world (true/false)

In the early 1850s a new political body called the American Party was created by a group called the "____________________."

When it was completed, the _____________________ was the greatest construction project Americans had yet undertaken

The first railroad company actually to begin operations was the ___________________

By the mid-nineteenth century, the rail center of the West was _________________

The primary assistance from the federal government to railroad companies came in the form of _________________

Samuel Morse invented the ________________

The first American cooperative news gathering organization was called the ________________

Corporate development was aided by laws permitting a system of ________________ for individual stockholders

The most profound economic development in mid-nineteenth-century America was the rise of the ______________

The process for vulcanizing rubber was discovered by _________________

Elias Howe's invention of the __________________ had an impact on both family life and the Civil War

The recruitment of young women to work and live in a factory setting was called the ______________ or Waltham system

Elaborate rooms with lush dark colors and heavy furniture and drapes were characteristic of the ______________ style

In New York City, the construction of _______________ resulted primarily from pressure from members of high society

The most popular playwright in America in the 1830s was ______________

The American Museum which showcased human oddities was opened by ________________

The automatic reaper was invented by ______________, while the machine thresher was invented by Case

In the 1820s and 1830s, railroads

As the Lowell factory system progressed into the 1840s,

Before 1860, the development of machine tools by the United States government resulted in the

The Erie Canal was

In most parts of the North, before the Civil War, free blacks could

Before 1860, the largest single group of arriving Irish immigrants was

Prior to 1860, the fastest-growing segment in American society was the

In the 1830s, limited liability laws were developed in the United States that

Between 1840 and 1860, the overwhelming majority of immigrants who arrived in the United States came from

Before the 1830s, American corporations could be charted only by

The "Know Nothing" movement was partially directed at reducing the influence of

When the Lowell factory system began

American factory workers in early nineteenth-century textile mills largely consisted of

By the middle of the nineteenth century, merchant capitalists in the United States

All of the following statements regarding American leisure activities prior to 1860 are true EXCEPT

The growth of commerce and industry allowed more Americans the chance to become prosperous without

In the 1840s, John Deere introduced significant improvements to the

After 1852, the "Know-Nothings" created a new political organization called the

The commercial and industrial growth in the United States prior to 1860 resulted in

In the 1830s, Cyrus McCormick improved grain farming when he patented his

In comparing turnpike transportation to canal transportation,

Before 1860, compared to Irish immigrants to the United States, German immigrants

Prior to 1860, the social institution which most bound together rural Americans was the

The rise of the American factory system

By 1860, as a result of the social expectations expressed in the "cult of domesticity,"

For most American farmers, the 1840s and 1850s was a period of

Compared to 1800, in 1860, urban American families

By 1860, the energy for industrialization in the United States increasingly came from

national market economy

regional specialization

nativism

Native American Party

Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner

Know-Nothings

American Party

Erie Canal

Baltimore and Ohio Company

Consolidation

Trunk lines

Magnetic telegraph (Samuel Morse)

Rotary press

Associated Press

corporations

general incorporation laws

limited liability

factory system

interchangeable parts (Eli Whitney & Simeon North)

Merchant capitalists

Waltham & Lowell System

Lowell Female Labor Reform Association

Sarah Bagley

National Trades' Union

Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)

Mount Holyoke (Mary Lyon)

Separate spheres

Cult of domesticity

Sentimental novel

Minstrel shows

P. T. Barnum

Truck farming