AP Psych: Testing

6 September 2023
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Molly has just taken a test of her capacity to learn to be a computer programmer. This is an example of a(n) ________ test.
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aptitude
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The ability to deal effectively with social conflict is not likely to be reflected in one's performance on the WAIS. This best illustrates that intelligence is
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a collection of distinctly different abilities.
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Intelligence tests have effectively reduced discrimination in the sense that they have
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helped limit reliance on educators' subjectively biased judgments of students' academic potential.
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Which of the following findings about the nature of "race" is evidence that the gap on the IQ test is caused by differences in environments?
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Race is a social category, not a biological one.
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If a test yields consistent results every time it is used, it has a high degree of
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reliability
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Intelligence scores are MOST LIKELY to be stable over a one-year period for a(n)
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tenth-grade student whose intelligence test score is 95.
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The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is
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a diverse set of distinct abilities.
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Factor analysis has been used to assess whether
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intelligence is a single trait or a collection of distinct abilities.
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When completing a verbal aptitude test, members of an ethnic minority group are particularly likely to perform below their ability levels if they believe that the test
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is biased against members of their own ethnic group.
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Object assembly, picture arrangement, and block design are three performance subtests of the
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WAIS
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When we refer to someone's intelligence quotient as if it were a fixed and objectively real trait such as height, we commit a reasoning error called
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reification
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To regard an abstract concept as if it were a real, concrete thing is called
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reification
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Women scoring in the highest 25 percent on the Scottish national intelligence test at age 11 tended to ________ than those who scored in the lowest 25 percent.
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live longer
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Aptitude tests are specifically designed to
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predict ability to learn a new skill.
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A survey of the history of intelligence testing reinforces the important lesson that
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although science strives for objectivity, scientists can be influenced by their personal biases.
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For the original version of the Stanford-Binet, IQ was defined as
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Mental age --------------------- x 100 chronological age
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Research indicates that Head Start programs
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reduce the likelihood that participants will repeat grades or require special education.
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Binet and Terman would have been most likely to disagree about the
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extent to which intelligence is determined by heredity.
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A 12-year-old who responded to the original Stanford-Binet with proficiency typical of an average 9-year-old was said to have an IQ of a. 75. b. 85. c. 100. d. 115. e. 133.
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a. 75
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The intelligence test scores of today's better-fed population ________ the scores of the 1930s population.
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are higher than
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The psychologist who disagreed with Spearman about the nature of intelligence, identifying seven clusters of primary mental abilities rather than one general intelligence factor, was
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L. L. Thurstone.
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The concept of emotional intelligence is most likely to be criticized for
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extending the definition of intelligences to an overly broad range of skills.
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Postmortem brain analysis reveal that highly educated people have _________ when they die than do their less educated counterparts.
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more synapses
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After learning about his low score on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Austin complained, "I don't believe that test is a measure of intelligence at all." Austin's statement is equivalent to saying that the WAIS lacks
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Validity
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Experts who defend intelligence tests against accusations of racial bias note that racial differences in intelligence test scores
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occur on nonverbal as well as verbal intelligence test subscales.
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To assess whether intelligence is a single trait or a collection of several distinct abilities, psychologists have made extensive use of
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factor analysis
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If both depressed and nondepressed individuals receive similar scores on a diagnostic test for depression, it suggests that the test
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is not valid
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Exposure to high levels of male sex hormones during prenatal development is most likely to facilitate the subsequent development of
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spatial abilities.
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Psychologists would be likely to agree that intelligence tests have
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comparable predictive validity for Whites and Blacks.
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The widespread improvement in intelligence test performance during the past century is called
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The Flynn effect
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The Flynn effect
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The substantial and long-sustained increase in both fluid and crystallized intelligence test scores measured in many parts of the world from roughly 1930 to the present day.
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L. L. Thurstone identified seven clusters of primary mental abilities including word fluency, memory, and inductive reasoning. He claimed that word fluency
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involves a different dimension of intelligence from that of reasoning.
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The sort of problem solving that demonstrates "school smarts" is what researchers have historically assessed in their tests of
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intelligence
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Today's researchers have identified many different chromosomal regions important to intelligence. This indicates that intelligence is
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a polygenetic trait.
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Research on intelligence and brain anatomy indicates that highly intelligent children demonstrate _______ than their less intelligent counterparts.
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greater neural plasticity
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One component of emotional intelligence involves
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predicting accurately when feelings are about to change.
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Emotional intelligence is a critical component of
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social intelligence.
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The nineteenth-century English scientist Sir Francis Galton believed that
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superior intelligence is biologically inherited.
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Factor analysis is a statistical procedure that can be used to
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identify clusters of closely related test items.
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Some studies indicate that a rough indicator of infants' later intelligence is their
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preference for looking at a new rather than an old picture.
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Investigators detected a tendency for those who excelled in one of Thurstone's seven primary mental abilities to also demonstrate high levels of competence in other abilities. This provided some evidence of
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general intelligence.
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Research has indicated that seventh- and eighth-graders who outscored most high school seniors on a college aptitude test had begun ___________ at an unusually early age.
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reading
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Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single test in order to measure the _______ of a test.
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reliability
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The heritability intelligence refers to
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the percentage of variation in intelligence within a group that is attributable to genetic factors.
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Those who define intelligence as academic aptitude are most likely to criticize
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Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences.
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Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical, practical, and ___________ intelligence.
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creative
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Boys are most likely to outperform girls in a(n)
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chess tournament
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Because intelligence is defined according to the attributes that enable success in a culture, psychologists consider intelligence to be
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have content validity.
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To assess mental age, Binet and Simon measured children's
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reasoning skills.
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The written exam for a driver's license would most likely be considered a(n) __________ test.
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achievement
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Although not notably heavier or larger in total size than the typical Canadian's brain, Einstein's brain was 15 percent larger in the lower region of the
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parietal lobe.
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Aptitude test
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An aptitude is the ability to learn or to develop proficiency in an area
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A 6-year-old who responded to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency typical of an average 8-year-old was said to have an IQ of
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133
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The similarity between intelligence scores of fraternal twins reared together is
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less than that between identical twins reared apart.