Ap Psych- Ap Style Questions

A student has just failed a psychology exam. Which of the following explanations is LEAST likely to be evidence of the self-serving bias? A) "My teacher hates me." B) "That material was so hard that no one could have passed that class." C)"I didn't study hard enough." D) "I was having a pretty bad day when I took that test." E) "The room was too hot for me to be able to concentrate."

2. Morgan made the fundamental attribution error in explaining her students' poor performance on their geography examination when she said which of the following? A) "I thought it was too cold in the room on test day. Maybe that's why the students did poorly." B) "The students just do not care enough about their grades." C) "The class meets at such an early time. Perhaps that's why the class performed poorly." D) "I will have to present the material to them another way and retest." E) "Maybe I am just not a good teacher."

Chuck is walking down the street and someone asks him to sign a petition to put clean-air legislation on the next ballot. He decides to sign the petition. Then the person asks whether he would like to give a donation to the associated environmental group. This technique is known as: A) lowbalL B) Door in the face C) That's not all D) Foot in the door E) Bait and switch

Ralph is aware that smoking is harmful to his health, but he continues to smoke. According to cognitive dissonance theory, it is most likely that Ralph will A) gather information on the dangers of smoking B) start smoking more frequently C) argue that his friends should stop smoking D) focus on the social advantages to smoking E) experience no tension

In the experiments of Solomon Asch, the tendency of group members to conform was reduced most by which of the following factors? A) The presence of a single dissenter B) Frequent interaction among the group members C) The appointment of a democratic leader D) A decentralized communication network E) The threat of punishment

Because the most popular students in the high school tend to wear a particular brand of athletic shoe, a new student buys a pair of shoes of the same brand. Such behavior demonstrates which of the following social psychological concepts? A) Obedience B) Conformity C) Cognitive dissonance D) Groupthink E) Compliance

At a schoolwide pep rally preceding a big game at Williams James High School, each grade has a designated t-shirt color and seating area in the bleachers. Student leaders organize classes so that their colored shirts combine to form the school flag. The coach gives an exciting speech, the cheerleaders perform a routine, and the band plays the school song while the students sing in unison.

Stanley Milgram's classic research on obedience showed that approximately what percentage of participants administered the highest voltage shock?

In Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments, subjects were LEAST likely to deliver maximum levels of shock when the: -experiment was conducted at a prestigious institution -"learner" screamed loudly in pain -experimenter told hesitant subjects, "You have no choice, you must go on" -"learner" said that he had a heart condition -subject observed other subjects who refused to obey the -experimenter's orders

Chandler and Alex were transferred to a new city and needed to find a new home. They carefully considered every house within their price range and finally purchased one that met all their criteria. One month before the move, Chandler and Alex asked friends to help them organize and pack their belongings. One week before the scheduled moving day, they learned that they needed to move out within 48 hours, so they quickly finished packing.

Mr. Smith is a new high school math teacher. Before the school year begins, he asks his colleagues to review a list of students in his class in an attempt to gather information about his incoming students. As he begins teaching, Mr. Smith struggles with managing student behavior in the classroom. In particular, he has difficulty helping his students focus on their assignments and cooperate during group work.

Lisa is a college English major. She believes all math majors are analytical, logical, and serious. Lisa seems to be demonstrating A: group polarization B: ingroup bias C: the actor-observer effect D: outgroup homogeneity bias E: stereotype threat

Several years from now, your best friend asks you to help move all of his furniture out of his parents' house into his new apartment. Explain how each of the following will play a role in deciding whether to help your friend move.

Becoming less self-conscious and less restrained when in a group situation is referred to as: social loafing. deindividuation. social facilitation. obedience. cognitive dissonance.

After school, George and his friends complain of intense hunger. They go to George's home and immediately open his refrigerator to look for a snack. Which of the following is a theory of motivation that best explains their behavior? - Arousal - Social learning - Self-determination theory - Drive reduction - Achievement motivation

A brain tumor that results in obesity would most likely be located in the: - left frontal lobe - base of the brain stem - area of the hypothalamus - reticular activating system - somatosensory cortex

In the James-Lange theory of emotion, which of the following immediately precedes an emotion? A: Observation of the external stimulus B: Recollection of similar past experiences C: Experience of physiological changes D: Appraisal of cognitive factors E. Initiation of a fixed-action pattern

When given a drug that produced general arousal, research participants placed in a room with a happy confederate described their emotional state as happy, while those placed in a room with an angry confederate described their emotional state as angry. Which theory of emotion best explains these results? A: James-Lange B: Ekman C: Cannon-Bard D: Schachter-Singer E: Opponent-process

Paul Ekman found that when Japanese students watched films of surgery, they masked their expressions of disgust with a smile when an authority figure entered the room but not when alone. American students maintained their expressions of disgust both alone and in the presence of an authority figure. Ekman's findings illustrate what he calls: - the facial feedback hypothesis - display rules - phlegmatic personalities - the two-factor theory - adaptation-level phenomenon

Leo and Caitlin are both experiencing feelings about their date tonight. Leo has had bad dates lately, and so he feels fear and dejection. Caitlin, meanwhile, has had very good dates, and so she feels excited and happy. According to Richard Lazarus' appraisal theory, - Leo and Caitlin have an immediate unconscious interpretation of the scenario, which leads them to simultaneously both label their feelings as either positive or negative and have the appropriate physiological response - Leo is able to identify his response as fear more quickly than Caitlin can identify her response as excitement because fear is more evolutionarily important and thus is processed more quickly - Leo and Caitlin experience different physiological responses to the impending date and interpret their emotional responses accordingly - Leo and Caitlin both experience a physiological response and feel either fear or excitement simultaneously - Leo would score high on neuroticism, while Caitlin would score high on agreeableness

Chuck asked Jane out on a date and he offered her two possible options—to see a movie or to go ice skating. Jane felt a bit stressed about making the decision because she liked both activities. Which of the following conflicts was Jane experiencing? - Avoidance-avoidance - Approach-avoidance - Approach-approach - Unconscious Interpersonal

The hypothesis that intelligence is in part inherited is best supported by the fact that the IQ correlation for - pairs of twins reared together is greater than the correlation for pairs of twins reared apart - pairs of identical twins is greater than for pairs of fraternal twins - pairs of fraternal twins is greater than the correlation for other pairs of siblings - adopted children and their adoptive parents is greater than zero - adopted children and their adoptive parents is greater than the correlation for the same children and their biological parents

Which of the following scenarios is the best example of natural selection? - During a drought, the foliage in a region turns brown. More brownish moths than whitish moths from a particular breed survive predation and produce more offspring. Subsequent generations of moths have a higher percentage of brownish moths than the generation before. - During a hurricane, both brownish and whitish moths are killed in approximately equal numbers by the storm. The population of moths is substantially reduced. - Just before the moth breeding season, the weather conditions result in an unusual abundance of food. With so much food, the moth population increases dramatically, regardless of color. - An increase in predation substantially reduces the population of adult brownish and whitish moths. Relatively few moths survive to breed, and the population is reduced in the next generation. - Farmers in the region spray a pesticide that kills many of the moths in the region, as well as several other types of insects. The population of moths is substantially reduced.

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following? An increase in pupil dilation An increase in respiratory rate A decrease in digestion A decrease in salivation A decrease in heart rate

The division of the nervous system that most directly allows voluntary muscle movement is the midbrain forebrain sympathetic parasympathetic somatic

The part of the neuron that is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons is called the axon a dendrite a neurotransmitter the synaptic cleft the soma

Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron? The nodes of Ranvier The myelin sheath The terminal buttons The soma The axon

Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as the action potential the threshold difference specific energy of the nerve the absolute refractory phase depolarization

Neurotransmitters that function like the drug morphine and are involved in pain modulation include which of the following? GABA Norepinephrine Dopamine Serotonin Endorphins

A drug that has the effect of intensifying or mimicking a particular neurotransmitter can be characterized as a hallucinogen, because it has the reverse effect of an agonist an agonist, because it intensifies the effects of a particular neurotransmitter an antagonist, because it intensifies the effects of a particular neurotransmitter a reuptake inhibitor, because it increases activity of the central nervous system a stimulant, because it increases activity of the central nervous system

Curare blocks action at acetylcholine synapses and causes paralysis. This drug is an example of an antagonist agonist inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) excitatory neurotransmitter

Brain damage that leaves a person capable of understanding speech but with an impaired ability to produce speech most likely indicates injury to which of the following? The basal ganglia Wernicke's area The substantia nigra Broca's area The inferior colliculi

Brain lateralization refers to the ability of the brain to process multisensory information capacity of the brain to control basic motor movements aptitude of the brain to produce speech ability of the brain to control basic functions such as respiration and blood circulation inclination for certain cognitive processes to be specialized to one hemisphere of the brain or the other

An individual's ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called -auditory localization -dichotic listening -deep processing -divided attention -selective attention

Which of the following refers to the just-noticeable difference between two stimuli? -Absolute threshold -Sensation -Perception -Difference threshold -Subliminal stimulus

People who are color blind most likely have deficiencies in their -rods -cones -lens -optic nerve -occipital lobe

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates a context effect? -Carol performs better in her recital when she practices in short sessions, several times a day. -Edgar solves his jigsaw puzzles faster when he completes the edges first. -Rosemarie shoots more accurately at her archery competition when other people are around. -Vernon is more social at parties when he has had caffeine. -Jeannette does better on her exam when she takes it in the same room where she studies.