Chapter 8

An interface designer does not need to understand the underlying business functions or how the system supports individual, departmental, or enterprise goals.

To develop a user-centered interface, a designer must learn to think like a user and see the system through a user's eyes.

Interface design should call for attention to the interface, rather than facilitating design objectives.

User-selected help always offers assistance for a task in progress.

Context-sensitive help displays information about any task when the user requests it.

To create an attractive user interface layout and design, when the user enters data that completely fills the field, the data must move automatically to the next field.

Generally, reports used by individuals at higher levels in an organization include more detail than reports used by lower-level employees.

Every page in a report should include a page header, which appears at the top of the page and includes the column headings that identify the data.

Using batch input, data entry is performed continuously.

Sensitive data can be encrypted, or coded, so only users with decoding software can read it.

A transparent interface does not distract a user and calls no attention to itself.

A data type check is a data validation rule that is used when data must be in predetermined sequence.

A combination check is a data validation rule that tests to ensure if a data item fits the required data type.

The goal of _____ is to build a system that is effective, reliable, and maintainable. a. systems reporting b. systems analysis c. systems design d. systems auditing

A secure system includes _____ that can log every instance of data entry and changes. a. audit trails b. trap trails c. batch trails d. control trails

Centralized IT departments no longer produce reams of printed _____ reports. a. batch b. greenbar c. audit d. yellowbar

Apple was a pioneer in user interface development, introducing the _____, complete with mouse and screen icons, in the early 1980s. a. command line interface b. binary line interface c. character user interface d. graphical user interface

A user interface (UI) is the key to _____, which includes user satisfaction, support for business functions, and system effectiveness. a. testability b. usability c. encapsulation d. abstraction

In older systems, often the user interface mainly consisted of _____ screens that allowed a user to send commands to the system. a. physical-control b. process-control c. quality-control d. network-control

In a _____ system, the distinction blurs between input, output, and the interface itself. a. user-centered b. topology-centered c. system-centered d. network-centered

_____ describes the relationship between computers and the people who use them to perform their jobs. a. Human-computer interaction (HCI) b. Peripheral component interconnect (PCI) c. Media control interaction (MCI) d. Peripheral connect (PC)

A(n) _____ does not distract a user and calls no attention to itself. a. transparent interface b. translucent interface c. opaque interface d. pellucid interface

Initial screen designs can be presented to users in the form of a _____, which is a sketch that shows the general screen layout and design. a. storyboard b. viewbox c. viewport d. wireframe

Interface designers can obtain data, called _____, by using software that can record and measure user interaction with a system. a. encapsulation metrics b. abstraction metrics c. ergonomic metrics d. usability metrics

A _____ language feature allows users to type commands or requests in normal text phrases. a. normal b. natural c. standard d. basal

_____ help offers assistance for a task in progress. a. User-selected b. User-sensitive c. Standard-selected d. Context-sensitive

Some forms use a _____ that contains icons or buttons that represent shortcuts for executing common commands. a. menu box b. toolbar c. dialog box d. taskbar

In a data entry screen, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, a(n) _____ is a control feature used to initiate an action such as printing a form or requesting help. a. command button b. option button c. toggle button d. help button

In a data entry screen, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, a(n) _____ is a control feature that is used to represent on or off status and switches to the other status when clicked. a. command button b. option button c. toggle button d. help button

In a data entry screen, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, a _____ is a control feature that is used to select one or more choices from a group. a. dialog box b. list box c. text box d. check box

If variable input data is needed, a _____ must be provided to explain what is needed. a. dialog box b. list box c. menu bar d. toggle button

_____ is an online data entry method, where a blank form that duplicates or resembles the source document is completed on the screen. a. Form uploading b. Form resetting c. Form pulling d. Form filling

Input _____ is a template or pattern that restricts data entry and prevents errors. a. pattern b. mask c. legend d. key

A _____ improves input quality by testing the data and rejecting any entry that fails to meet specified conditions. a. data load rule b. data validation rule c. data requirements rule d. data mining rule

A(n) _____ is a data validation rule that is used for applying to mandatory data items. a. sequence check b. range check c. asynchronic check d. existence check

A(n) _____ is a data validation rule that is used to verify that data items fall between a specified minimum and maximum value. a. sequence check b. range check c. asynchronous check d. existence check

A _____ is a data validation rule that identifies values that are questionable, but not necessarily wrong. a. sequence check b. range check c. validity check d. reasonableness check

A(n) _____ is a data validation rule that can be used for data items that must have certain values. a. existence check b. validity check c. batch check d. reasonableness check

A(n) _____ is a data validation rule that is performed on two or more fields to ensure that they are consistent or reasonable when considered together. a. existence check b. combination check c. data type check d. reasonableness check

The term _____ is familiar to IT professionals, who know that the best time to avoid problems is when the data is entered. a. good input, bad output (GIBO) b. garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) c. poor start, poor finish (PSPF) d. weak hand, weak hold (WHWH)

A _____ collects input data, triggers or authorizes an input action, and provides a record of the original transaction. a. transaction document b. recovery document c. source document d. tester document

In a source document, the _____ contains codes, identification information, numbers, and dates that are used for storing completed forms. a. control zone b. heading zone c. totals zone d. authorization zone

In a source document, the _____ contains any required signatures. a. control zone b. authorization zone c. totals zone d. heading zone

In a source document, the main part of a form, called the _____, usually takes up at least half of the space on the form and contains captions and areas for entering variable data. a. instruction zone b. authorization zone c. body zone d. heading zone

Printed output is used in _____, which are output documents that are later entered back into the same or another information system. a. milestone documents b. tender documents c. turnaround documents d. policy documents

Although the vast majority of reports are designed graphically, some systems still produce one or more _____ that use a character set with fixed spacing. a. fixed-spaced reports b. character-based reports c. figure-based reports d. plot-spaced reports

A(n) _____ produces one or more lines of output for each record processed. a. detail report b. exception report c. summary report d. exigency report

A(n) _____ displays only those records that meet a specific condition or conditions. a. detail report b. exception report c. summary report d. exigency report

For upper-level managers who often want to see total figures and do not need supporting details, a(n) _____ is appropriate. a. detail report b. exception report c. summary report d. exigency report

A _____ usually causes specific actions, such as printing subtotals for a group of records in a report. a. control break b. concatenation character c. subgroup d. character break

To produce a control break report, the records must be arranged, or sorted, in _____. a. control break order b. control field order c. subgroup field order d. character break order

The _____, which appears at the beginning of a report, identifies the report and contains the report title, date, and other necessary information. a. control head b. report header c. report footer d. character head

The _____, which appears at the end of a report, can include grand totals for numeric fields and other end-of-report information. a. total field b. report header c. report footer d. character field

To reach prospective customers and investors, companies use a live or prerecorded _____, which is an audio or video media file distributed over the Internet. a. netpod b. podread c. webOS d. webcast

A _____ system allows a customer to request a fax using email, via the company website or by telephone. a. faxback b. frontfax c. turnfax d. digifax

_____ is often used by large firms to scan and store images of original documents to provide high-quality records management and archiving. a. Physical picture to device (PPOD) b. Computer output to microfilm (COM) c. Firewall output to microfilm (FOM) d. American standard code for information interchange (ASCII)

_____ protects privacy rights and shields an organization's proprietary data from theft or unauthorized access. a. Aesthetics b. Interface technology c. Ergonomics d. Output security

Companies use various _____ methods to maintain output integrity and security. a. output stream b. output aesthetic c. output control d. output data

A _____ workstation is a network terminal that supports a full-featured user interface, but limits the printing or copying of data, except to certain network resources that can be monitored and controlled more easily. a. command-line b. disked c. thick d. diskless

A popular security solution is the use of a network-based application, often called a _____, which controls access to and from workstation interfaces. a. port synchronizer b. port connector c. port installer d. port protector

In a(n) _____ design, one can create individual components that connect to a higher-level program or process. a. integral b. dissociated c. modular d. archetypical

In _____, systems analysts use a prototype to verify user requirements, after which the prototype is discarded and implementation continues. a. system prototyping b. command prototyping c. design prototyping d. layout prototyping

_____ produces a full-featured, working model of the information system. a. Design prototyping b. System prototyping c. Application prototyping d. Throwaway prototyping