World History Exam: 06.03 Political And Economic Ideologies

Use the following excerpt from Robert Owen to answer the question below: "Train any population rationally, and they will be rational. Furnish honest and useful employments to those so trained, and such employments they will greatly prefer to dishonest or injurious occupations. It is beyond all calculation the interest of every government to provide that training and that employment; and to provide both is easily practicable." Source: A New View of Society - Essays 1813-1816, Robert Owen In what way might Adam Smith have disagreed with this statement? Smith believed that education was only for the poor. Smith believed that workers could not be trained to work. Smith believed that the government's role was very limited. Smith believed that the government should directly employ people. Points earned on this question: 5

Which of the following systems advocates that the suffering of the worker should be made lighter through intervention by the government? Capitalism Socialism Communism Laissez-faire Points earned on this question: 5

Which of the following correctly compares capitalism, socialism, and communism? Capitalism values society collectively, while socialism and communism value the market and the individual. Capitalism is focused on the market and the individual, while socialism and communism value society collectively. Capitalism seeks to redistribute wealth, while socialism and communism seek to limit the role of government in economic affairs. Capitalism seeks to limit the role of government in economic affairs, while socialism and communism reject the idea of wealth redistribution. Points earned on this question: 5

Use the following excerpt from Wealth Of Nations to answer the question below: "The statesman who should attempt to direct private people in what manner they ought to employ their capitals, would not only load himself with a most unnecessary attention, but assume an authority which could safely be trusted, not only to no single person, but to no council or senate whatever, and which would nowhere be so dangerous as in the hands of a man who had folly and presumption enough to fancy himself fit to exercise it." Source: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations How does the view expressed in this excerpt compare with communist ideology? Both believe in the private ownership of capital and distribution of resources. Both disagree with the state playing a large role in determining the path of economy. This view differs from communism because it argues against government control of the economy. This view is similar to communism because it argues no single person should receive the majority of economic benefits. Points earned on this question: 5

Which of the following systems believes that the role of the government is only to promote competition and provide public goods? Capitalism Socialism Communism Marxism Points earned on this question: 5

In what way were Karl Marx's views different from the socialism advocated by Owens and Fourier? Owens and Fourier believed that the working masses were being exploited by capitalism. Marx wanted capitalism to become so terrible that the masses would have no choice but to overthrow it in a violent uprising. Owens and Fourier thought that the capitalist system would bring about revolution. Marx advocated the use of utopian communities and social reforms to create a classless society. Points earned on this question: 5

Use the following excerpt from Letter to Vera Zasulich (1881) to answer the question below: "To save the Russian commune, a Russian revolution is needed." Source: English translation of Letter to Vera Zasulich Creative Commons License Who is most likely to have made this statement? Robert Owen Adam Smith Charles Fourier Karl Marx Points earned on this question: 5

The ideologies of capitalism, socialism, and communism rose during which period of change? The Reformation The Industrial Revolution The Age of Exploration The Restoration Points earned on this question: 5