unit 10 ap psych reiew

One-year-old Melissa derives great pleasure from putting everything she touches in her mouth—toys, balls, Mom's keys, for example. Freud would have suggested that Melissa is going through the ________ stage of development. A) phallic B) anal C) genital D) latency E) oral

Freud suggested that the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct pleasuresensitive areas of the body known as A) psychosexual stages. B) the Big Five. C) erogenous zones. D) Oedipus complexes. E) fixations.

Coretta is quiet, pessimistic, anxious, and moody. In terms of the Eysencks' basic personality dimensions she would be classified as A) unstable-introverted. B) internal-impulsive. C) manic-depressive. D) external-dependent. E) passive-aggressive

Freud believed that personality forms as children A) seek fulfillment in a hierarchy of physical and psychological needs. B) demonstrate personality factors on five main dimensions. C) pass through a series of psychosexual stages. D) experience the reciprocal forces of internal and external forces. E) conquer feelings of inferiority and anxiety.

Carl Rogers would have suggested that many of the defense mechanisms described by Freud are used to minimize the perceived discrepancy between A) manifest content and latent content. B) the collective unconscious and the personal unconscious. C) the actual self and the ideal self. D) an internal locus of control and an external locus of control. E) self-actualization and self-transcendence.

Athletes often attribute their losses to bad officiating. This best illustrates A) an Electra complex. B) learned helplessness. C) the spotlight effect. D) self-serving bias. E) the Barnum effect.

Evan is so terrified of snakes that he can't go to the zoo for fear of seeing one. Evan can't remember the first time he was afraid of snakes. Evan's inability to recall when his fear began is best explained by which of the following Freudian concepts? A) free association B) projection C) repression D) fixation E) manifest content

According to Freud, the defense mechanism that underlies all others is A) regression. B) reaction formation. C) projection. D) displacement. E) repression

According to Freud's theory, the ego A) strives to satisfy our basic drives. B) operates on the pleasure principle. C) is the major source of guilt feelings. D) operates on a conscious level. E) is the unconscious aspect of the superego.

Carl Rogers referred to an attitude of total acceptance toward another person as A) the spotlight effect. B) unconditional positive regard. C) self-actualization. D) free association. E) self-esteem needs.

Julie reported that she had a dream in which she was chased by a large dog. According to Freud, Julie's account represents the ________ content of her dream. A) latent B) repressed C) manifest D) empirically derived E) sublimated

Compared with those who perceive an external locus of control, people who perceive an internal locus of control are A) likely to experience low self-esteem. B) extremely introverted personalities. C) likely to be academically successful. D) not easily able to delay gratification of their personal desires. E) likely to experience depression.

Freud suggested that in the process of development, people pass through A) a genital stage before they enter a latency stage. B) a latency stage before they enter a phallic stage. C) a genital stage before they enter a phallic stage. D) a latency stage before they enter a genital stage. E) a phallic stage before they enter an oral stage.

Reaction formation refers to the process by which people A) disguise unacceptable unconscious impulses by attributing them to others. B) consciously express feelings that are the opposite of unacceptable unconscious impulses. C) retreat to behavior patterns characteristic of an earlier stage of development. D) offer self-justifying explanations in place of the real but unacceptable unconscious reasons for action. E) banish anxiety-producing wishes from our conscious mind.

Kelsey is consistently optimistic, talkative, and impulsive. Each of these characteristics most clearly represents a A) defense mechanism. B) self-serving bias. C) fixation. D) trait. E) self-concept.

According to the social-cognitive perspective, one of the best ways to predict a person's future behavior is to A) identify that person's most central traits by having him or her take a personality inventory. B) observe that person's behavior in various relevant situations. C) assess that person's general level of self-esteem. D) uncover that person's hidden motives, as revealed by projective tests. E) measure that person's unconscious conflicts and use of defense mechanisms.

Some psychoanalysts in Freud's era believed that girls experienced unconscious sexual desires for their father during the phallic stage. These feelings, they thought, reflected A) self-actualization. B) an Electra complex. C) the spotlight effect. D) unconditional positive regard. E) latent content.

Accepting ourselves without undue dependence on the approval of others best illustrates A) reciprocal determinism. B) free association. C) positive psychology. D) secure self-esteem. E) an external locus of control.

Which neo-Freudian theorist emphasized that personality development is strongly influenced by feelings of inferiority? A) Carl Jung B) Gordon Allport C) Karen Horney D) Abraham Maslow E) Alfred Adler

Tests that present ambiguous stimuli designed to uncover hidden personality dynamics are called ________ tests. A) empirical B) projective C) multiphasic personality D) factor analytic E) aptitude