Unit 1: Introduction To Physical Education

In this course, you will learn about and demonstrate five components of physical education: Cardiorespiratory endurance is the efficiency with which the body delivers oxygen and nutrients to its cells. Proper and efficient delivery is important to healthy muscle activity and removing cellular waste. Muscular strength refers to the greatest amount of force that a muscle or muscle group can put forth in a single effort; it is gained over time. Muscular endurance is how well a muscular group performs repeated movements for extended periods of time. Flexibility is the ability to move joints through an entire range of motion. Body composition is the percentage of a person's body fat compared with the total body mass. Knowledge of these components, paired with the exercises that improve them, makes up a complete physical education program. This course examines the benefits of physical exercise and healthy habits. Exploring physical education also allows you to work through guided exercises and activities that will help you on your way to leading a healthier lifestyle.

Choosing healthy behaviors when it comes to diet and exercise is important to personal health, long-term health, and promoting healthy family lifestyles.

muscular strength Correct. Muscular strength tests how much force an individual can put out all at once.

While the words exercise and fitness are sometimes used interchangeably, they actually have different meanings. Physical exercise is the act of improving one's body through specific intentional movements. Fitness is the ability of the body to function effectively and efficiently during physical activity. The difference between the two words is important: while anyone can exercise, only someone who exercises regularly can be fit.

Physical fitness can be broken into two main categories: health-related fitness and skill-related fitness. Both health- and skill-related fitness are types of fitness that focus on performance, or how the body completes a physical activity.

Health-related fitness is made up of the five components of physical fitness: cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition. These components have a close relationship with good health. Good health-related fitness lowers the risk of illness and can improve the overall quality of life.

It takes flexibility and balance to stand on your hands. Flexibility is a health-related component of physical fitness, but balance is skill-related.

Skill-related fitness is your ability to develop and use small muscle movements, called fine motor skills, to participate in sports. Having skill-related fitness abilities may make it easier to participate in physical activity. Skill-related fitness is composed of six components: Agility is the ability to move the body with speed and accuracy. Sports teams often use agility as a screening test. Balance is the ability to maintain a steady posture while remaining still or while moving. Balance is usually measured by holding the same position for an extended period of time. Coordination is the ability to use the senses and the body during movement. Hand-eye coordination, for example, is used to dribble a basketball. Power is the rate at which strength and speed can be used by the body to perform work. Speed is the ability to perform a task or a movement in a short period of time. Reaction time is the amount of time between an action and the reaction to it. Like baseball, softball is a sport that relies heavily on reaction time. As a player, you need to react quickly to catch a fly ball or to recognize when a runner is stealing a base. How quickly you identify a fly ball or a runner can determine the course of the game.

Both health- and skill-related fitness assess performance, but they are not the only types of physical fitness. Other types of fitness that are not related to performance or skill, called non-performance-related fitness, are related to overall health.

Physiological fitness is a type of non-performance-related fitness that influences the health of the body systems. Physiological fitness focuses not on how the body completes a physical activity but on how it changes in response to physical activity. For example, as physical activity increases, the heart and lungs in the cardiorespiratory system become healthier. Increased cardiorespiratory health lowers your risk of disease.

Another non-performance component of fitness is body circumference, or the distance around the body. Body circumference can be measured around the waist or wherever fat is distributed on the body. Studies show that when more fat is concentrated around the waist, the risk of disease and health complications increases. Keeping activity levels high lowers your body's fat content. A lower fat content leads to better overall health.

Bone strength and density are also types of non-performance-related fitness. They are difficult to test and therefore are not often used as a measurement of how fit you are. However, the more physically active you are over a lifetime, the better your bone density. Healthy bone density levels result in fewer health problems related to bone strength.

Exercise is a specific intentional movement, while fitness is how efficiently and effectively your body can complete exercise.

skill-related fitness health-related fitness

body circumference bone strength physiological fitness

Wellness refers to a healthy state of being in body, mind, and emotion. Body wellness means eating right, exercising, and keeping your bodily systems in good health. Mental wellness means feeling safe and secure in your environment and at peace with your decisions and actions. Emotional wellness means feeling your best and having the ability to deal with many different situations.

Physical activity and wellness go hand in hand. A healthy body promotes overall wellness. However, to make changes toward a healthier body, you must have honest goals and a plan to reach them. The first step to setting a goal is defining it. Keep in mind that not everything you wish for can be a goal. When it comes to physical activity, diet, and exercise. You may wish to run a marathon before the end of the school year. However, this goal could be difficult to achieve if school ends in just a few months and you are not already training. A more reasonable goal might be to be able to run a mile in the amount of time considered healthy for your age group.