Psychology Chapter 11

Homeostasis, which is the goal of drive reduction, is defined as:

Mary loves hang-gliding. It would be most difficult to explain Mary's behavior according to:

Positive and negative environmental stimuli that motivate behavior are called:

Which of the following is inconsistent with the drive-reduction theory of motivation?

For a thirsty person, drinking water serves to reduce:

Which of the following is not an example of homeostasis?

By motivating us to satisfy our physical needs, hunger and thirst serve to:

One problem with the idea of motivation as drive reduction is that:

Food deprivation is to ________ as hunger is to ________.

The role of learning in motivation is most obvious from the influence of:

Basal metabolic rate is the body's resting rate of:

Electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus will cause an animal to:

Research on the physiological basis of hunger has indicated that:

Destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus of a rat is most likely to:

The brain area that when stimulated suppresses eating is the:

Leptin, a hunger-dampening protein, is secreted by:

Dr. Milosz electrically stimulates the lateral hypothalamus of a well-fed laboratory rat. This procedure is likely to:

Hunger is increased by ________ but it is decreased by ________.

Ancel Keys and his colleagues observed that men on a semistarvation diet:

An explanation of motivation in terms of homeostasis is best illustrated by the concept of:

Need is to ________ as drive is to ________.

Lack of body fluids is to cold water as ________ is to ________.

On some college football teams, players are rewarded for outstanding performance with a gold star on their helmets. This practice best illustrates the use of:

Victims of a famine will often eat unappetizing and nutritionally poor foods simply to relieve their constant hunger. Their behavior is best explained in terms of:

For a hungry person, the consumption of food serves to:

Randy, who has been under a lot of stress lately, has intense cravings for sugary junk foods, which tend to make him feel more relaxed. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for his craving?

A starving rat will lose all interest in food if its ________ is destroyed.

Destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus of a rat is most likely to:

An animal's stomach and intestines will process food more rapidly and the animal will become extremely fat if its:

Hunger is increased by ________ but it is decreased by ________.

Two rats have escaped from their cages in the neurophysiology lab. The technician needs your help in returning them to their proper cages. One rat is grossly overweight; the other is severely underweight. You confidently state that the overweight rat goes in the "________-destruction" cage, while the underweight rat goes in the "________-destruction" cage.

Increases in the hormone insulin lead to:

The concept of a set point is relevant to understanding the experience of:

A need refers to:

An aroused or activated state that is often triggered by a physiological need is called a(n):

Some students work hard in school in order to attain high grades. This best illustrates the importance of:

Ali's parents have tried hard to minimize their son's exposure to sweet, fattening foods. If Ali has the occasion to taste sweet foods in the future, which of the following is likely:

Increases in insulin will:

The set point is:

The relative risk of death among healthy nonsmokers is highest for:

In one experiment, professional actors played the role of either normal-weight or overweight job applicants. Research participants' willingness to hire the applicants revealed:

By dramatically reducing her daily caloric intake, Marilyn plans to reduce her normal body weight by 10 to 15 percent. Research suggests that after three or four weeks of sustained dieting, Marilyn will:

Given an obese parent, boys are at an ________ risk for obesity and girls are at a ________ risk for obesity.

The number of fat cells a person has is influenced by:

In a classic experiment, obese patients whose daily caloric intake was dramatically reduced lost only 6 percent of their weight. This limited weight loss was due, at least in part, to the fact that their dietary restriction led to a(n):

In animals, destruction of the lateral hypothalamus results in ________, whereas destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus results in ________.

Research on obesity and weight control indicates that:

According to health psychologists, which of the following would be the best advice or encouragement to offer someone who wants to lose excess weight?

The correct order of the stages of Masters and Johnson's sexual response cycle is:

Many sexually active American adolescents fail to avoid pregnancy because:

The refractory period is the:

Research on sex hormones and human sexual behavior indicates that:

Of the following parts of the world, teen intercourse rates are highest in:

Kamil, a 33-year-old lawyer, experiences premature ejaculation. Through behaviorally oriented therapy, he would most likely learn to minimize his problem by:

Which of the following was not identified as a contributing factor in the high rate of unprotected sex among adolescents?

Evidence that brain differences between homosexuals and heterosexuals influence sexual orientation is provided by the fact that these differences:

Research on the environmental conditions that influence sexual orientation indicates that:

Why do people with a high need for achievement prefer moderately difficult tasks?

Psychologist Henry Murray asked research participants to invent stories about ambiguous pictures. The stories were then scored for content related to acts of heroism, pride, and other signs of:

The health risks associated with obesity are generally the greatest for those who carry their excess weight around their:

New research has linked women's obesity to their risk of late-life:

Lucille has been sticking to a strict diet but can't seem to lose weight. What is the most likely explanation for her difficulty?

Research on obesity and weight control indicates that: Student Response

The text suggests that a neophobia for unfamiliar tastes:

Having lost weight, formerly obese individuals have ________ fat cells and ________ metabolic rates.

After an initial rapid weight loss, a person on a diet loses weight much more slowly. This slowdown occurs because:

During which phase of the sexual response cycle does the refractory period begin?

Research on the sexual response cycle indicates that:

During the resolution phase of the sexual response cycle, people are most likely to experience a rapid decrease in physiological arousal if:

Compared to European teens, American teens have ________ rates of sexual intercourse and ________ rates of abortion.

A problem that consistently interferes with one's ability to complete the sexual response cycle is called:

Which of the following is not true with respect to sexual orientation?

A homosexual orientation is:

People who are high in achievement motivation prefer ________ tasks; people who are low in achievement motivation prefer ________ tasks.

Researchers use biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis to understand hunger motivation. The social-cultural level of analysis is especially likely to emphasize that eating disorders are influenced by:

The tendency to overeat when food is plentiful:

Researchers have observed that the incidence of obesity and diabetes among 50,000 nurses was predicted by their:

The descriptions of orgasm written by men and women are ________, and the subcortical brain regions active in men and women during orgasm are ________:

Which of the following statements concerning homosexuality is true?

Sexual orientation refers to

Which of the following suggestions would be the worst advice for a dieter?

When an organism's weight falls below its set point, the organism is likely to experience a(n):

increase in hunger and a decrease in its metabolic rate.

According to Masters and Johnson, the sexual response of males is most likely to differ from that of females during:

The removal of a woman's ovaries may contribute to decreasing sexual interest because her natural ________ level is _______.

Teens who use alcohol prior to sexual intercourse experience:

Ted is an amateur golfer who has a high need for achievement. Research suggests that Ted most likely prefers playing golf on courses that for him are:

Homeostasis refers to:

In order to encourage achievement motivation in the classroom, students should be taught to attribute their good grades to:

Which of the following is not necessarily a reason that obese people have trouble losing weight?

Although John has been obese for as long as he can remember, he is determined to lose excess weight with a special low-calorie diet. John is likely to have difficulty losing weight while dieting because:

Evidence that obesity is influenced by factors in addition to genetics includes the fact that: