psych chapter 14 quiz

Abnormally low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin are associated with

Obsessive thoughts typically ________ anxiety and compulsive behaviors typically ________ anxiety.

Cognitive changes that accompany depression include a Select one: A. increased expectation of negative outcomes. B. decrease in self-focused thinking. C. increased obsession with experiencing physical pleasure. D. increased externalization of blame.

During the manic phase of bipolar disorder, individuals are most likely to

The onset of schizophrenia is typically associated with early

Which perspective suggests that explaining our own failures in terms that are global, stable, and internal contributes to depression?

The APA's diagnostic manual is used for several purposes, including Select one: A. descriptions of disorders. B. estimates of how often a disorder occurs. C. determining who is eligible for treatment. D. all of these purposes.

One of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia is Select one: A. an expressionless face. B. uncontrollable outbursts of rage. C. loud and meaningless talking. D. inappropriate laughter.

Which perspective has emphasized the impact of learned helplessness on depression?

The experience of multiple personalities is most likely to be characterized by Select one: A. a lack of guilt feelings. B. offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person. C. binge eating. D. a massive dissociation of self from ordinary consciousness.

The long-lasting disorder that develops in response to being exposed to a severe and often life-threatening trauma is

Brain scans have found enlarged fluid-filled areas in people with

In comparison to generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder is characterized by periods of distress that are

Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult is indicative of

Repetitive, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors that the individual feels driven to perform are characteristic of

The experience of a fugue state is indicative of a ________ disorder.

Which of the following is an anxiety disorder that is characterized by constant, excessive, and unjustified anxiety about a wide range of issues and circumstances?

Among schizophrenia patients, the fluid-filled areas of the brain are Select one: A. abnormally small and the thalamus is abnormally large. B. abnormally small and the thalamus is abnormally small. C. abnormally large and the thalamus is abnormally small. D. abnormally large and the thalamus is abnormally large.

People with _____ are constantly tense and anxious, and their anxiety is pervasive. They feel anxious about a wide range of life circumstances, sometimes with little or no apparent justification.

Schizophrenia that develops rapidly, seemingly as a reaction to stress, is called ________ schizophrenia.

In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild overexcitement?

A disorder in which an individual is overexcited, hyperactive, and wildly optimistic is known as

Phobic behaviors such as avoiding insects or snakes may increase in frequency because they reduce anxiety. This best illustrates the impact of

The DSM-5 is most clearly designed to ________ psychological disorders.

A disorder in which a person loses contact with reality and experiences irrational ideas and disordered perceptions is

Research on the causes of schizophrenia strongly suggests that Select one: A. if adopted children's adoptive parents have schizophrenia, they will, too. B. there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. C. almost anybody will develop schizophrenia if exposed to extensive environmental stress. D. schizophrenia patients suffer from a deficiency of the neurotransmitter serotonin.

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who ________ value thinness and have the ________ body dissatisfaction.

Obsessions are Select one: A. persistent, irrational fears of specific objects, activities, or situations. B. feelings of jumpy anxiety. C. periodic episodes of intense dread accompanied by frightening physical sensations. D. offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.

Maladaptive behaviors that reduce worry and fear are most indicative of

Flat affect and catatonia are symptoms most closely associated with

In which type of disorder is a person's speech likely to be so full of unrelated words and phrases that it could be characterized as word salad?

Internal, stable, and global explanations of one's own failures are indicative of

Evidence suggests that prenatal viral infections contribute to

Which of the following is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

Which of the following is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

A fundamental problem with the diagnostic labeling of psychologically disordered behaviors is that the labels often Select one: A. bias our perceptions of the labeled person. B. interfere with effective treatment of these disorders. C. represent attempts by psychologists to explain behavior by simply naming it. D. interfere with effective research on the causes of these disorders.

A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by

Schizophrenia is most likely to be characterized by

Persistent avoidance of social situations due to an intense fear of being negatively evaluated by others is most characteristic of

Frequent exposure to images of thin fashion models and celebrities is most likely to be a factor contributing to the development of

Dysfunctional behaviors are maladaptive, which means that they

Psychological disorders consist of emotions, behavior, and cognitive processes that are all of the following except

Distress most of the time over a two-week period because of fatigue or loss of energy is most likely associated with

The number-one reason people seek mental health services is

Dopamine overactivity appears to be most clearly related to

Exhibiting two or more distinct and alternating personalities is a symptom of a

Which of the following disorders is characterized by the most sudden and unpredictable episodes of distress?

Stressful events interpreted with a negative explanatory style can encourage dampened mood states that lead to behavioral withdrawal and subsequent social rejection by others. This best illustrates

Low birth weight and maternal diabetes are known risk factors for

A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in a person's thoughts, emotion regulation, or behaviors is most clearly an indication of

An immediate and irrational anxiety response to the mere sight of blood is indicative of

Rumination is Select one: A. compulsive fretting and overthinking about problems and their causes. B. the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood. C. explaining our own failures in terms that are global, stable, and internal. D. denial about having any depressed feelings.

When children are told that certain classmates have learning disabilities, they may behave in ways that inhibit the success of those students in the classroom. This best illustrates that labeling

A sense of being separated from your body and watching yourself with a sense of detachment is a symptom of

The most common symptoms of ________ are a pounding heart, rapid breathing, breathlessness, and a choking sensation. The person may also sweat, tremble, and feel terrified.

The ability of mental health professionals to quickly communicate the characteristics of their patients' complex symptoms is most clearly facilitated by the use of

Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity are most characteristic of

The onset of ________ may begin after a person has broken diet restrictions and gorged.

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are the ________ of inappropriate behaviors, and negative symptoms are the ________ of appropriate behaviors.

The term psychopath refers to an individual with

If identical twins share a single placenta rather than having separate placentas, their chances of being similarly affected by ________ are dramatically increased.

A generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by Select one: A. offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person. B. nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia. C. a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of some object, activity, or situation. D. a continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal.

Incapacitating efforts to avoid specific anxiety-producing situations is most indicative of

Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible, enduring, and socially maladaptive behavior patterns are called ________ disorders.

To break the vicious cycle of depression, the social-cognitive perspective suggests that people should be encouraged to explain their failures in terms that are both

Schizophrenia is associated with an excess of receptors for

Antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by

The social-cognitive perspective has emphasized that depression is perpetuated by

According to the ________ perspective, anxiety is sometimes produced by the submerged mental energy associated with repressed impulses.

Anorexia nervosa is typically characterized by

Frequent, intrusive recollections of a traumatic event, social withdrawal, nightmares, and the increased physical arousal associated with anxiety are the major symptoms associated with

Schizophrenia is said to be chronic when

In people with major depressive disorder, interest in activities is ________ and agitation may be ________.

A psychological disorder is a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance

A fundamental problem with the diagnostic labeling of psychologically disordered behaviors is that the labels often